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GRE机考突破

ominous  [CminEs] adj.预兆的, 恶兆的, 不吉利的(being or exhibiting an omen:portentous; especially:
foreboding or foreshowing evil:inauspicious)
(反)auspicious ◆ ominous  吉兆的 ◆ 不吉利的
(同)apocalyptic, baleful, baneful, inauspicious, threatening, unpropitious

omniscient [Cm`nIsIEnt]  adj. 全知的,无所不知的(having infinite awareness/understanding/ insight)
(反)vacuous ◆ omniscient   空洞的 ◆ 全知的

onerous  [CnErEs] adj. 繁重的,费力的(involving, imposing, or constituting a burden:troublesome)
(反)onerous ◆ requiring little effort  费力的 ◆ 省力气的  

opaque  [Eupeik]  adj. 不透明的(exhibiting opacity),难懂的
(类)slack·tension=opaque·translucence   松弛的·拉紧=不透明的·半透明(形名反义)
opacity·light=impermeability·fluid=nonporous·liquid
不透明·光线=不可渗透·流体=无孔的·液体(不可穿越关系)
(反)opacity ◆  clarity/diaphanous/transparency   不透明 ◆ 透明
opaqueness ◆ clarity   不透明性 ◆ 透明
(同)obscure, ambiguous, equivocal, nubilous, uncertain, unintelligible, vague
(记)谐音:欧佩克 联想:欧佩克石油组织生产石油,由石油推出“不透明的”
opine  [Eupain]  vt. 表达观点(to express opinions)
(类)augur·predict=pundit·opine= recidivism·relapse  
占卜师·预言=权威·表达观点=重犯·再发(人物及其特征行为)

opportune  [CpEtju:n]  adj. 合适的,适当的(suitable or convenient for a particular occurrence)
(类)opportune·convenience=impermanent·transience   适当的·方便=短暂的·顷刻
(反)opportune ◆ inappropriate/inconvenient/ untimely  适当的 ◆ 不适当的/不便的/不合时宜的   

opprobrious  [EprEubriEs]  adj. 无礼的,粗野的(expressive of opprobrium·scurrilous)
(反)opprobrious ◆ irreproachable   无礼的 ◆ 无过失的
opprobrium ◆ good repute   不名誉 ◆ 好名声
(同)invective, scurrile, scurrilous, , vituperative

oracle  [CrEkl]  n. 神谕(a person through whom a deity is believed to speak)
(类)mentor·guidance=oracle·prophecy   导师·指导=神谕·预言
(同)revelation, apocalypse, prophecy, vision
oration  [EreiFEn]  n. 演说,致辞(an elaborate discourse delivered in a formal and dignified manner)
(类)oration·heard=novel·read   演说·能听到=小说·能读

orient  [C:riEnt]  vt. 使适应, 确定方向(get one's bearings; adjust; make familiar with a situation)
(反)orient  ◆  confuse   使适应 ◆ 使迷惑  

original  [EridVEnEl]  adj. 最初的,原始的,有创意的(not secondary, derivative, or imitative)  
(类)babble·sense=parrot·originality   胡言乱语缺乏理性=鹦鹉学舌缺乏创新
(反)original ◆ commonplace/ banal/trite   有创意的 ◆ 普通的/陈腐的
pastiche ◆ original work   仿作 ◆ 原创
(同)inventive, creative, deviceful, ingenious, innovational

ornithology  [7C:niWClEdVi] n. 鸟类学(a branch of zoology dealing with birds)
(类)ornithology·eagle=astronomy·planet  鸟类学·鹰=天文学·行星

orthodoxy  [C:WEdCksi]  n. 信仰正统,正教(quality of being conforming to established doctrine)
(类)religion·devoutness=canon·orthodoxy  
信仰·虔诚=正统经典·信仰正统(后者致力于前者)
【注:devout:devoted to religion or to religious duties or exercises】
(类)dissenter·orthodox=maverick·group  反对者脱离正统=特立独行者脱离团体
oscillate  [Csileit] v. 使振动,使动摇,犹豫(swing like a pendulum;vary between opposing beliefs,feelings,or theories)
(反)oscillate ◆ remain static   振动 ◆ 静止
oscillation ◆ absence of variation   犹豫 ◆ 不变
(同)swing, pendulate, sway

ossify  [Csifai]  v.硬化,僵化(to become hardened or conventional and opposed to change)
(类)depreciation·value=ossification·flexibility   贬值·重要=僵化·灵活 (反义)
ligneous·wood=osseous·bone   木质的:木头=骨质的:骨头
(反)ossified ◆ amenable to change   僵化的 ◆ 顺应变化的
ossify ◆ make pliant   硬化 ◆ 使柔软
ossify ◆ transcend conventions  僵化 ◆ 超越传统

ostentatious   [7CstenteiFEs]  adj. 卖弄的,夸耀的(marked by or fond of conspicuous or vainglorious and sometimes pretentious display)
(反)ostensible ◆ inapparent   明显的 ◆ 不明显的
ostentation ◆ artlessness/ austerity/ modesty  卖弄 ◆ 朴实/ 朴素/ 谦逊
ostentatious ◆ modest   卖弄的 ◆ 谦让的
(同)showy, flamboyant, pretentious, splashy
ostracize  [ CstrEsaiz ] n. 贝壳放逐,排斥(exclusion by general consent from common privileges)
(类)pariah·ostracize=prisoner·confine   贱民被驱逐=囚犯被囚禁
(反)ostracize ◆ take in   驱逐 ◆ 接纳
ostracize ◆ include/embrace/ welcome   排斥 ◆ 包容/包含/欢迎
(记)与oyster(牡蛎)同源ostra(贝壳、瓦片);古希腊将贝壳作为选票来决定是否驱逐某人

oust  [aust]  vt. 剥夺,驱逐(to remove from or dispossess of property by legal action or force)
(反)instate ◆ oust   任命 ◆ 剥夺
(同)deprive, bereave, dispossess, divest

outgoing  [aut^EuiN] a dj. 外向的,爱社交的(openly friendly and responsive·extroverted)
(类)extrovert·outgoing=perfectionist·exacting    好社交者·爱社交的=完美主义者·苛求的

outlandish  [autlAndiF]  adj. 古怪的, 奇异的(strikingly out of the ordinary:bizarre)
(反)outlandish  ◆  conventional   古怪的 ◆ 常规的
outmaneuver  [aJtmEnu:vE]  v. 以策略制胜;智取(to maneuver with better effect than; outwit)
(反)outmaneuver ◆ yield   智取 ◆ 屈服
(同)outwit, outfox

outset   [autset]  n.开端, 开始(beginning, start)
(反)outset  ◆  termination   开端 ◆ 终止

outwit   [autwit]  v. 瞒骗, 以智取胜(to get the better of by superior cleverness)
(类)taunt·provoke=plot·outwit   逗弄目的是刺激=谋划目的是以智取胜

overbearing   [7EuvEbZEriN]  adj. 傲慢的(harshly and haughtily arrogant)
(反)overbearing ◆ meek/ unassuming   傲慢的 ◆ 谦逊的

overlap   [EuvElAp]  vt. 重叠,重复(to occupy the same area in part·lap over)
(类)infinite·exhaust=discrete·overlap   无限的·穷尽=离散的·重叠 (形动反义)
inconsonant·concord=scatter·overlap   不协调的·一致的=分散的·重叠的(反义)

overt  [EuvE:t]  adj.公开的,非秘密的(open to view:manifest)
(类)clandestine·secretly=overt·openly   秘密的·秘密地=公然的·公然地 (形副同义)
(反)shadowy ◆ overt   朦胧的 ◆ 明显的

overture  [EuvEtjuE]  n. 前奏曲,序曲(something introductory·prelude)
(类)veto·prohibitive=overture·introductory   否决·禁止的=序曲·开端的(名形同义)
overture/ preamble·introduction=caveat·warning/cautionary   序曲·介绍=警戒·警告
overture·symphony=preface·book   序曲·交响乐=前言·书(事物的开始)
overture·opera=preamble·statute   序曲·歌剧=导言·.法令
(反)coda ◆ overture   乐章结尾 ◆ 前奏
(同)introduction, foreword, preamble, preface, prelude, prologue
oxymoron  [7CksimC·rCn]  n. 矛盾修饰法(a combination of contradictory or incongruous words)
(类)apophasis·claim=oxymoron·paradox  委婉表述与表述有关=矛盾修饰法与矛盾有关
oxymoron·contradictory=mishap·catastrophic  矛盾修饰法·矛盾的=不幸·灾难的
equivocation·ambiguous=oxymoron·incongruous
模棱两可的话·暧昧的=矛盾修饰法·不调和的(正面特征)
pachyderm  [pAkidE:m]  n. 厚皮类动物, 迟钝的人
(类)pachyderm·animal=ant·insect   厚皮类动物·动物=蚂蚁·昆虫(种属)
(例)as an elephant, a rhinoceros, or a pig
(记)词根derm 真皮,皮肤

pacify  [pAsifai]  vt. 使平静,安慰(to allay the anger or agitation of·soothe)
(类)solace·grief=pacification·anger   安慰·痛楚=平定·愤怒 (消除关系)
(反)pacify ◆ incite/ rankle/ tantrum/ vex   安慰 ◆ 煽动/ 激怒/ 发怒/ 恼怒
discompose ◆ pacificate   使不安 ◆ 使镇静
pacific ◆ truculent   和平的 ◆ 好战的
(同)soothe, pacify, appease, ease, mollify
(例)pacify a crying child

pack   [pAk]  n. 一群 (a group of often predatory animals of the same kind)
(类)orchestra·musician=pack·wolf   管弦乐队·音乐家=狼群·狼 (团体与个体)

padding   [pAdiN]  n. 填塞物(material with which something is padded)
(类)padding·damage=disguise·recognition   填塞物·损伤=假面目·认识(防止关系)
padding·damage=levee·flooding   填塞物·损伤=防洪堤坝·洪水(防止关系)
paean   [pi:En]  n. 赞美歌(a joyous song or hymn of praise, tribute, thanksgiving, or triumph)
(类)paean·song=elegy·poem   赞美歌·歌=挽诗·诗(种属)
paean·joy=dirge·grief   赞美歌表达欢乐=挽歌表达悲痛
(反)paean ◆ harshly lampoon   赞歌 ◆ 讽刺文章

painstaking  [peinsteikiN]  adj. 艰苦的(taking pains)
(类)pain·analgesic=symptom·palliative   痛苦·止痛的=症状·减轻的
(反)cursory ◆ painstakingly thorough   粗略的 ◆ 十分详尽的
slipshod ◆ painstaking   漫不经心的 ◆ 艰苦的

palatable  [pAlEtEbl]  adj.美味的(agreeable to the palate or taste)
(类)palatable·savory=discernible·manifest   美味的·可口的=可分辨的·明显的
(同)palatable, appetizing, savory, tasty, toothsome
(例)butterflies that birds find palatable

palatial          [pEleIFEl]  adj. 宫殿般的,豪华的(magnificent)
(类)hovel·palatial=city(metropolis)·bucolic
小屋·豪华的=城市(大城市)·田园生活的(反面特征)
(同)luxurious,deluxe,sumptuous
(记)来自palace 宫殿   

palette          [pAlIt]  n. 调色板,颜料(a particular range, quality, or use of color)
(类)palette·color=repertoire·play    调色板·颜色=节目单·节目(前者安排后者)
pall                [pC:l]  v. 感到腻烦,失去兴趣(to lose in interest or attraction)
(反)pall ◆ interest/intrigue        失去兴趣 ◆ 激发兴趣
(同)bore, ennui, tire, weary
                    
palliate           [pAlIeIt]  v. 减轻(痛苦)(to reduce the violence of (a disease))
(类)palliate·anger=enfeeble·vigor   减轻·愤怒=使衰弱·精力(动宾关系)
symptom·palliative=pain·analgesic   病症·减轻的=疼痛·止痛的(消除)
(反)palliate ◆ exacerbate/worsen/increase intensity   减轻 ◆ 加剧/恶化/增加强度
caustic ◆ palliating/genial  讽刺的 ◆ 缓和的/和蔼的
(同)extenuate, prettify, sugarcoat, varnish, veneer

pallid         [pAlId]  adj. 苍白的(面色)(having an abnormally pale complexion)
(反)rubicund红润的/ piquant 兴奋的
(同)pale, ashen, ashy, blanched, colorless,

palmy          [`pB:lmI]  adj. 繁荣的(marked by prosperity)
(类)palmy·prosperity=draconian·severity   繁荣的·繁荣=苛刻的·严格(形名同义)
(同)flourishing, prosperous

palpable        [pAlpEbl]  adj. 可触知的,明显的,易觉察的(easily perceived)
(类)palpable·touch=pliable·mold   可触知的·触摸=柔韧的·塑造
(反)palpable ◆ explicate/subtle         明显的 ◆ 隐晦的/细微的
impalpable ◆ clear   不易察觉的 ◆ 清楚的
(同)perceptible, appreciable, detectable, discernible
(例)i cannot understand how you could overlook such a palpable blunder.
palter          [`pR:ltE]  vi. 欺骗(to act insincerely or deceitfully)
(类)palter·candor=diehard·budge   欺骗·诚挚=顽固·移动(反面特征)
【注:budge :to alter a position or attitude:改变立场或态度】
(反)palter ◆ candor   欺骗 ◆ 坦率
(同)lie, equivocate, falsify, fib, prevaricate

paltry   [pC:ltrI]  adj. 无价值的;微不足道的(practically worthless; trifling)
(反)paltry ◆ significant/important   微不足道的 ◆ 意义重大的/重要的
(同)petty, measly, piddling, puny, trifling, trivial,
(例)This is a paltry sum to pay for such a masterpiece.

pan        [pAn]  vt.【口语】严厉批评 (to criticize unfavorably, as in reviewing)
(类)pan·harsh=barb·caustic   严厉批评·严厉的=尖锐的批评·严厉的(同义)
(反)rave 过分赞扬 eulogize称赞 extol称赞

panache        [pEnAF]  n. 羽饰;假威风,炫耀(dash or flamboyance in style)
(反)panache  ◆  humility  炫耀  ◆  谦逊   
panache  ◆  unremarkable behavior  炫耀  ◆  寻常举止
panache  ◆  dullness   华丽  ◆  缺乏光彩(dull:lacking brilliance or luster)
pancreas   [pAnkriEs]  n. 胰腺
(类)insulin·pancreas=bile·liver   胰岛素·胰腺=胆汁·肝脏(分泌关系)

pandemic   [pAndemik]  adj. 全国流行的
(反)pandemic  ◆  limited   流行的 ◆ 限制的
(记)pan(前缀,表示“全, 总, 泛”)+dem(=people)→全体人民→全国流行的

pandemonium          [pAndImEJnIEm]  n. 喧哗吵闹(wild uproar or noise)
(反)pandemonium ◆ serene   喧嚣 ◆ 安静
(同)din , hubbub, jangle, racket, tumult, uproar
(记)pan(全部)+demon(魔鬼)→群魔乱舞→喧哗,吵闹

panegyric           [pAnIdVIrIk]  n. 赞扬,夸大的颂词(a eulogistic oration or writing)
(类)panegyric·eulogize=lampoon·satirize   颂词·称颂=讽刺文章·讽刺 (前者表达后者)
panegyric·praise=valediction·farewell   颂词·赞扬=临别致词·告别 (前者表达后者)
(反)anathema诅咒   denunciation谴责   condemnation谴责
(同)encomium, citation, eulogy, salutation, tribute
(例)the modest hero blushed to hear the speakers delivering panegyrics about his valorous act.
(记)pan (全)+egyric(集市)→在公众集会上演说正式的颂扬性文章→赞扬,颂词

panoramic   [9pAnE`rAmIk]  n. 全景的(an complete view of an area in every direction)
(反)panoramic ◆ narrow   全景的 ◆ 狭窄的
(记)pan(全)+oram(视野)→全景

pantry   [pAntrI]  n. 食品柜,餐具室(a room for preparation of foods on order)
(类)pantry·food=armory·weapons=closet(wardrobe)·clothes
餐具室·食物=军械库·武器=壁橱(衣柜)·衣服(存储地方与物品)
(同)larder, buttery 区别:pastry 面点

parable   [pArEbl]  n. 寓言,比喻
(类)parable·story=homily·lecture   寓言·故事=说教·教训(种属)
(同)allegory, apologue, fable, myth
(记)para(侧面, 超越)。从侧面说道理→寓言

paradigm   [pArEdaIm] n. 典范, 范例(example, pattern)
(类)corrective·amends=paradigm·exemplify  
矫正物·补偿=范例·作为…例子(事物作用)
paragon(paradigm)·imitate=reverence·regard
模范值得被效仿=应该尊敬的人值得被尊重
(同)moder, archetype, example, exemplar, pattern, standard
(记)para(侧面, 超越)。超越一般的→典范
paradise         [pArEdaIs]  n. 天堂 (a place or state of bliss, felicity, or delight)
(类)pleasurable·paradisical=melodious·lyrical
愉悦的·极欢乐=曲调优美的·抒情诗调的 (同义)
(记)词头para-表示“侧面, 超越”之义。超乎寻常的感受,当然只能在天堂中体会

paradox   [pArEdRks] n. 似是而非的论点,自相矛盾的话(a statement that is seemingly contradictory to common sense and yet is perhaps true)
(类)paradox·contradictory=epigram·wise
矛盾论点·对立的=警句·有智慧的(事物典型特征)
oxymoron·paradox=apophasis·claim
矛盾修饰法·矛盾的话=表面否认要说或正说的话·表述
(反)paradoxical ◆ common荒谬的 ◆ 普通的
(例)the paradox of her career was her achievement of her greatest intellectual authority at the very moment when she was bereft of a compelling subject.

paragon   [pArEgRn]  n. 模范,典型(a model of excellence or perfection)
(类)paragon·admire=pariah·contempt   典范常常被赞美=底层民众常常被轻蔑
paragon·excellent=hoax·fraudulent   模范·优秀的=愚弄·欺骗的(正面特征)
paragon·exemplary=corrected·amend   典范·示例=修正的·改正(同义)
(反)travesty ◆ paragon   曲解 ◆ 典范
(同)ideal, jewel, nonesuch, nonpareil, phoenix
(例)the class disliked him because the teacher was always pointing him out as a paragon of
virtue.
paramount           [pArEmaJnt]  adj. 最重要的,最高权力的(superior to all others)
(类)important·paramount=painful·agonizing  重要的·最重要的=痛苦的·痛苦难耐的(程度)
(反)paramount ◆ ancillary   最主要的 ◆ 辅助次要的
(同)ascendant, overbearing, predominant, predominate, preponderant
(例)Proper nutrition are of paramount importance in adolescent development and growth.
(记)美国好莱坞的派拉蒙公司就是这个商标。词头para-表示“侧面, 超越”之义。

paranoia        [pArEnCIE]  n. 偏执狂(a tendency on the part of an individual or group toward excessive or irrational suspiciousness and distrustfulness of others)
(类)suspicion·paranoia=enthusiasm·mania  猜疑·偏执狂=热情·狂热(褒贬程度)
suspicious·paranoid=admiring·idolatrous  怀疑的·偏执狂的=钦佩的·盲目崇拜的(褒贬)
(例)Suffering from paranois, he claimed everyone was out to get him; ironically, his claim was accurate; even paranoids have enemies.
paraphrase         [pArEfreIz] vt. 简要重述,解释(to make a restatement of a text, passage, or work giving the meaning in another form)
(类)paraphrase·verbatim=approximate·precise 简要重述·一字不差地=近似·精确的(反义)
(同)rephrase, restate, reword
(例)in 20 words or less, paraphrase this article. 用20词左右来简要复述一下这篇文章。
(记)词头para-表示“侧面, 超越”之义;对句子从另外角度阐述→扼要重述

parch         [pB:tF]  vi. 烤干        (to dry or shrivel with cold)       
(反)steep ◆ parch         浸泡 ◆ 烤干

parenthesis   [pErenWisis] n.插入语;附带;插曲;圆括号
(类)enclose·parentheses=separate·comma   括号使围住=句号使隔开
parenthesis·explanation=ellipsis·omission   圆括号表示解释=省略号表示省略
(记)paren(=para侧面, 超越)+thesis

pariah          n. 贱民,底层民众(a member of a low caste of southern india)
(类)pariah·ostracize=prisoner·confine   底层民众遭排斥=囚犯遭囚禁(人物典型特征)
(同)outcast,castaway,derelict
(记)pari谐音 巴黎。记住巴黎爆发的法国大革命就是这群所谓的贱民发动的。
parity   [pArItI]  n. 同等,平等(the quality or state of being equal)
(反)inequality不公平/ incommensurateness不平衡
(同)equivalence,adequation,equality
(例)I find your analogy inaccurate because i do not see the parity between the two illustrations.

parlance        [pB:lEns]  n. 说话的方式(manner or mode of speech)
(类)parlance·speak=gait·walk        说话的方式·说=步法·行走(动作与其方式)
(同)wording,diction, phrase, phraseology, phrasing
(记)parlan 谐音 巴朗。如果你知道巴朗词表就会知道它是来研究人们的说话方式的。

parody            [pArEdI]  n.诙谐改编的诗文 v. 做模仿诗文
(类)parody·style=mime·gesture 诙谐改编模仿的是诗文风格=哑剧模仿的是姿态
【注:mime:to act a part with mimic gesture and action usually without words
parody:n. a literary or musical work in which the style of an author or work is closely imitated for comic effect or in ridicule    v. to imitate in the manner of a parody】
spoof·parody=nicety·distinction   轻浮的改编·拙劣的模仿=细微差别·差别(种属)spoof·parody=ode·poetry   轻浮地讽刺模仿品·模仿作品=颂诗·诗(种属)
(同)burlesque, imitate, mock, take off, travesty
paroxysm          [pArEksizEm]  n. 发作,突发(a sudden violent emotion or action)
(类)paroxysm·sudden=ruse·deceived   突发·突然的=诡计·欺骗的 (正面特征)
               
parquetry          [pB:kItrI]  n. 镶木地板艺术或图案(inlaid woodwork in geometric forms, usually of
contrasting woods, used esp. in flooring)
(类)parquetry·floor=fresco·wall   镶木地板图案·地板=壁画·墙壁(事物安置位置)
    parquet·wood=mosaic·glass   镶木地板·木头=镶嵌图案·玻璃
(例)in laying the floor, the carpenters combined redwood and oak in an elegant parquet.

parrot           vt. 鹦鹉学舌,机械地模仿(to repeat by rote)
(类)parrot·originality=babble·sense   机械地模仿缺乏创意=胡说八道缺乏理智

parry   v. 躲避(武器、问题等)(to evade especially by an adroit answer)
(类)parry·question=shirk·duty   躲避·问题=推卸·责任(逃避关系)
(同)dodge, duck, fence, shirk, sidestep
(例)he was content to wage a defensive battle and tried to parry his opponent's thrusts.
(记)p+arry(=arrow 箭) →避箭→躲避武器等
parse   [pB:rs]  n./v. 从语法上分析
(类)parse·grammatical=scan·metrical  
语法分析·合乎语法的=分析韵脚·有韵律的(行为及其相关对象)
sentence·parse=specimen·dissect   句子·语法分析=标本·解剖(行为及其对对象)

parsimony          [pB:sImEnI]  n. 过度节俭,吝啬(unreasonable economy; stinginess)
(类)parsimony·frugal=hubris·proud   节俭·节俭的=傲慢·高傲的(名形同义)
parsimonious·liberal=obtuse·keen   吝啬的·慷慨的=钝的·锋利的
parsimonious·profligacy=impetuous·hesitance   吝啬的·挥霍的=冲动的·犹豫的
parsimonious·resource=curt·words  
吝啬的·资源=简略的·话语(形容词修饰名词,二重关系·简或少)
tightfisted·parsimonious=brattish·mischievous   吝啬的·吝啬的=宠坏的·淘气的(同义)
(反)parsimony ◆ largesse   吝啬 ◆ 慷慨
parsimonious ◆ wasteful/ liberal/ profligate/ prodigal/ munificent/ lavish/ generous
小气的 ◆ 浪费的/ 慷慨的/ 浪费的/ 挥霍的/ 慷慨大方的/ 浪费的/ 大方的
(同)stingy, miserly,niggardly, penurious
(记)parsi谐音 怕死+mony 谐音money 花钱 →怕死花钱→吝啬
partial          [pB:Fl]  adj. 偏袒的,偏爱的(inclined to favor one party more than the other:biased)
(反)partial ◆ dispassionate   偏袒的 ◆ 不动感情的
(同)jaundiced, prejudiced,tendentious,unindifferent,warped
(记)part 部分 只对部分人好→偏爱

particularize   [pEtIkjJlEraIz]  vt. vi. 详细说明,列举(to state in detail)
(类)particularize·details=illustrate·pictures
详细说明·细节=作图解·图片(行为及其相关对象)
(同)detail, specificate, specificize, stipulate
(记)part 部分 将整体分成部分详细说明

partisan         [pB:tIzAn]  n. 党羽,同党的人(a firm adherent to a party, faction)
(类)allegiance·partisans=authoritativeness·pundits       
效忠·同党之人=权威·权威人士(人物典型特征)
patriot·country=partisan·course   爱国者·国家=党羽·方针(前者忠诚于后者)
(同)follower, adherent, cohort, disciple, henchman, supporter
(记)party 政党
pastiche         [pAsti:F]  n. 模仿 (的手法)(a literary, artistic, musical, or architectural work that imitates the style of previous work)
(反)pastiche ◆ original work   模仿 ◆ 原创
(记)past 过去的,过时的+che 谐音 车→过时的车不值得模仿

partition   [pB:tiFEn]  n.分割,划分,瓜分 vt.区分,隔开,分割
(反)partition ◆ unify瓜分 ◆ 联合
(记)part 部分

patent            [pAtnt]  adj. 专利的;显著的,新奇的(readily visible or intelligible)
(反)patent ◆ abstruse / not evident/ occult / recondite
明显的 ◆ 晦涩难懂的/ 不明显的/ 神秘的/ 深奥的
nuance ◆ patent difference   细微差别 ◆ 显著区别
(同)apparent, evident, manifest, obvious, palpable, unequivocal

pathology          [pEWRlEdVI]  n. 病理学;病状       
(类)stimulation·arousal=pathogen·diseasing   刺激物·激励= 病原体·疾病
(反)pathological ◆ normal   病态的 ◆ 正常的
(记)path谐音 怕死 →怕死是一种病态的心理(哈,其实不是)

patina    [pAtinE]  n. 铜绿;薄层;光泽
(反)patina  ◆  essential quality   薄层光泽 ◆ 本质
patrician   n. 贵族,名门望族(a person of high birth·aristocrat)
(反)base ◆ patrician   底层社会 ◆ 贵族
(记)patri-表示“父”之义 联想:父辈荣耀,所以成了名门望族

patriot    [pAtrIEt]  n. 爱国主义者(one who loves his or her country)
(类)patriot·country=partisan·course  
爱国者忠于国家=党徒忠于(某一政党的)路线(人及其目标)
(记)patri-表示“父”之义 联想:国就是父

patronize         [pAtrEnaIz]   vt. 资助,赞助,让人领情
(类)condescending·patronize=obsequious·fawn
使领情的·资助=谄媚的·奉承(形动同义)
patron·support=apologist·defend
赞助人·支援=辩护者·辩护(人物典型动作)
patronize·condescension=deride·mockery
资助·要人领情的态度=嘲弄·嘲笑(动名同义)
(例)experts in a field sometimes appear to patronize people who are less knowledgeable of the
subject.

paucity            [pC:sItI]  n. 少数,少量,缺乏(smallness of number:fewness)
(反)slew大量 plethora过剩 profusion丰富
(同)scarcity, insufficiency, poverty, scant, scarceness

paunchy   [`pR:ntFI]  dj. 大肚子的(having an enlarged or protruding abdomen)
(反)paunchy and awkward ◆ svelte   大腹便便的 ◆ 苗条的
pebble                [pebl]  n. 小鹅卵石(a small usually rounded stone)
(类)droplet·deluge=pebble·landslid   小滴·洪水=小卵石·山崩泥石(小与大)
                          
peccadillo          [pekEdIlEJ]  n.小过失(a slight offense)
(类)peccadillo·error/sin/offense=glitch·flaw   小过失·错误/罪孽/犯罪=小故障·缺陷(程度)
peccadillo·sin=admonishment·castigation    小过失·错误=警告·惩罚
peccadillo·offense=cameo·sculpture    小过失·错误=贝雕·雕塑 (种属)
peccadillo·offence=mishap·accident    小罪·犯罪=不幸·事故(种属)
(记)pecc 斑点 参考:peccable 易犯罪的 speck 斑点,少量

peck   [pek]  n. 轻吻
(类)peck·kiss=glance·look    轻吻·吻=一瞥·看(轻和正常)
(记)和speck 少量 一起记→少量的吻→轻吻

pedagogue   [pedE^R^]  n. 教师,教育者(a dull, formal, or pedantic teacher)
(类)pedagogue·indoctrinate=stickler·exacting
教育者·灌输=坚持者·严格苛求(人物典型行为)
pedant                [pedEnt]  n. 迂腐之人,书呆子,学究式人物
(类)pedant·learning=hack·writing   
学究·学习=雇佣文人·写作(人物典型行为)
pedantic·learned=moralistic·principled  
学究式的·有学问的=道学的·有原则的(褒贬对比)
scholarly·pedantic=modest·prudish (褒贬对比)   
儒雅的·书呆的=谦虚的·假装正经
pedantic·scholar=histrionic·actor   
学究的·学者=戏剧的·演员(人物典型属性)
(例)Her insistence that the book be memorized marked the teacher as a pedant rather than a
scholar.

pedestal    [pedistl]  n. 基架,底座,基础
(类)pedestal·statue=foundation·house   底座·雕像=地基·房子

predestine   [pridestin]  vt. 预定,注定
(反)predestine  ◆  leave to chance   注定 ◆ 顺其自然
(记)pre 预先+destine 本身是动词“注定”参考:destiny 命运
pedestrian           [pIdestrIEn]  adj.缺乏想像的,呆板的(commonplace;unimaginative)                          (反)imaginative 富于想象的   marvelous非凡的  inspired有灵感的   rarefied 稀少的
(同)dull,dreary, humdrum, monotone, plodding,stodgy

pediatrics   [7pi:diAtriks]  n. [医]小儿科
(类)pediatrics·children=dermatology·skin   小儿科·小孩=皮肤学·皮肤

peep   [pIp]  n. 瞥见,偷看(to look cautiously or slyly)小鸟的吱吱叫声
(类)peck·kiss=peep·sound   啄·亲吻=小鸟的吱吱叫声·声音(种属)
(记)我们熟悉的bp机最早叫peep

peer    [piE]  n. 同等的人;贵族vi.凝视;窥视 vt.与...同等;封为贵族
(反)peer ◆ a subordinate person  同辈 ◆ 下级者

peerless   [pIElIs]  adj. 出类拔萃的,无可匹敌的(matchless;imparable)
(反)peerlessness ◆ equality    出类拔萃 ◆ 同等
(同)matchless, unequaled, unique, unparagoned, unparalleled, unrivaled
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