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GRE机考突破

motivate  [5mEutiveit] v.  促使,激发(to provide with a motive·impel)
(类)exculpatory·absolve=motivational·stir   辩明无罪的·赦免=激发的·激动(行为及结果)
exhortation·motivate=invective·discredit   规劝·激励=痛骂·不信任(前者表达后者)
fungi·ecologist=motivation·psychologist   菌类·生态学者=行为的动机·心理学家
(同)provoke, excite, galvanize, innervate, innerve, move, pique, quicken, rouse, stimulate
(例)questions that excite and motivate youth

motley  [5mCtli]  adj. 杂色的,混杂的(variegated in colorcomposed of diverse elements)
(反)motley ◆ colorless/unique/ unvaried   杂色的 ◆ 无色的/唯一的,单色/没变化的
(同) variegated, dappled, discolor, multicolor, multihued, versicolored

mottle  [5mCtl]  vt. 使成杂色 (to mark with spots of different color or shades of color as if stained)
(类)striated·groove=mottled·spot   有条纹的·条纹=斑驳的·斑点(形修饰名)
(反)mottle ◆ blanch   使成杂色 ◆ 使变白
mottled ◆ homogenious/ solidary   斑驳的 ◆  均匀的/ 一致的
mournful  [5mC:nful] adj. 悲恸的,悲哀的(causing sorrow or melancholy·gloomy)
(反)jovial ◆ mournful   快活的 ◆ 悲恸的
revelry ◆ mournfulness   狂欢 ◆ 悲哀

movement  [5mu:vmEnt]  n. 乐章
(类)stanza·poem=movement·orchestra
诗节是诗歌写作的一种结构方式=乐章是管弦乐队演奏的一种结构方式

muddy  [5mQdi]  adj. 浑浊的,不明晰的(lacking in clarity or brightness)
(反)muddy ◆ clarity   浑浊的 ◆ 清晰
(同)cloudy, dull
(例)playing in the wet field, he got his shoes all muddy

muffle  [5mQfl]  vt. 围裹(to wrap up so as to conceal or protect)压低声音(to deaden the sound of)
(类)muffle·sound=assuage·grief   压低声音·声音=缓和·悲痛  
muffler·neck=mitten·hand   围巾·脖子=手套·手
【注:muffler :a scarf worn around the neck】
(反)muffled ◆  plangent/ resonant  声音低沉的 ◆ 轰鸣的/声音洪亮的
mulish  [5mju:liF]  adj. 骡的,执拗的,顽固的(unreasonably and inflexibly obstinate)
(类)despicable·value=mulish·flexible   可鄙的·重要性=执拗的·灵活的 (反义)
(反)mulish ◆ flexible/pliant   顽固的 ◆ 灵活的/易受影响的
(同)obstinate,bullheaded, headstrong, refractory, self-willed, stiff-necked, stubborn, wrongheaded

mumble  [5mQmbl]  vt. vi. 喃喃而语,咕哝(to utter with a low inarticulate voice)  
(反)enunciate ◆ mumble  (清楚地)表达 ◆ 咕哝   
(同)murmur
(例)embarrassed, he mumbled an apology

mundane  [5mQndein]  adj. 尘世的,世俗的(worldly as opposed to spiritual); 平凡的( commonplace)
(反)mundane ◆ extraordinary/ exotic/unusual   平凡的 ◆ 非凡的/ 奇异的 /不寻常的
mundane ◆ spiritual / unearthly   世俗的 ◆ 精神的/ 非尘世的,怪异的  
(同)commonplace ,earthly, earthy, terrene, terrestrial, uncelestial, worldly
(例)the mundane concerns of day-to-day life
munificent  [mju(:)5nifisnt]  adj. 慷慨的,丰厚的(characterized by great liberality or generosity)
(类)miser·munificent=zealot·blasé   守财奴·慷慨的=热心者·厌烦于亨乐(反面特征)
(反)munificence ◆ stinginess   慷慨 ◆ 小气              
(同)liberal, bounteous, freehanded, generous

mural  [5mjuErEl]  adj. 墙壁的n. 壁画,壁饰(a mural work of art as a painting)  
(类)petrography·rock=mural·wall  岩相学·岩石=壁画·墙 (事物及其对象)

murky  [5mE:ki]  adj. 黑暗的,朦胧的(dark and gloomy; thick with fog; vague)
(反)murky ◆ clear/ limpid/ pellucid   朦胧的 ◆ 清澈的,清晰的

murmur  [5mE:mE] n. v. 低语(a low indistinct but often continuous sound)  
(类)croon·sing=murmur·speak   低声歌唱·歌唱=低声说话·说话
glimmer·dazzle=murmur·resound   闪光·受强光而目眩=低声说话·响亮地说出(程度)
mutate  [mju:5teit]  v. (使)改变(to cause to undergo change)  
(反)mutate ◆ remain the same   改变 ◆ 不变
(同)transform, commute, metamorphose, transfigure, transmute

mute   [mju:t]  vt. 减弱…的声音(to muffle, reduce, or eliminate the sound of)使柔和(to tone down:soften, subdue)
(类)muted·color=muffled·sound   使颜色柔和=使声音降低
mutter·indistinct=drone·monotonous   嘀咕·不清楚的=嗡嗡声·单调的(典型特征)
(反)mute ◆ amplify   减弱声音 ◆ 扩大声音

mutter  [5mQtE]  v. 咕哝, 嘀咕(to utter sounds or words indistinctly or with a low voice)
(反)mutter  ◆  speak distinctly   说话嘀咕不清楚 ◆ 说话清楚

myopic  [maI5RpIk]  adj. 近视的,缺乏远见的(a lack of foresight or discernment)  
(反)myopic ◆ discerning   缺乏远见的 ◆ 有辨别力的
myopia ◆ prescience   短见 ◆ 预见
(例)so myopic that he used glasses even to read


myriad  [5miriEd]  adj. 无数的,大量的(having innumerable aspects or elements)
(类)myriad·number=everlasting·duration   无数的·数字=永恒的·持续时间
(反)myriad ◆ few/scarce/scanty   无数的 ◆ 很少的/缺乏的
nadir  [5neidiE]  n. 最低点(the lowest point)
(反)nadir ◆ summit/acme   最低点 ◆ 顶点
nadir ◆ topmost point   最低点 ◆ 最高点

naive  [nB:5i:v]  adj. 天真的,纯朴的(deficient in worldly wisdom or informed judgment; credulous)
(类)guile·naif=tardy·prompt   狡诈·天真=拖拉·迅速
(反)worldly ◆ na?ve   世故的 ◆ 纯朴的

narcissism  [5nB:sisizEm]  n. 自恋(love of or sexual desire for one's own body)
(类)narcissist·self absorbed=sycophant·obsequious   自恋者·自我迷恋的=马屁精·谄媚的
narcissism·love=guilt·blame   自恋是爱自己=自责是谴责自己

nascent   [5nAsnt]  adj. 新生的(coming or having recently come into existence)
(反)nascent  ◆  fully established/ nascent   新生的 ◆ 完全确立的/ 将死的
natty  [`5nAti] adj. 整洁的,时髦的(trimly neat and tidy·smart)
(反)natty ◆ sloppy/ slovenly   整洁的 ◆ 邋遢的

nauseate  [5nC:sieit]  v. 使厌恶,使作呕(to feel disgust)
(类)vertigo·nauseate= treat·cure   眩晕·恶心=治疗·痊愈(动作及其结果)

naysay  [5neisei]  n. 拒绝(denial, refusal)  
(反)concur ◆ naysay   同意 ◆ 拒绝

nebulous  [5nebjulEs]  adj. 模糊的(indistinct, vague),星云的
(反)nebulous ◆ distinct/ unambiguous/ clear cut   模糊的 ◆ 明显的/ 明确的/ 清楚的

needy  [5ni:di]  adj. 贫困的(being in want)
(反)affluent ◆ needy   富有的 ◆ 贫困的
nefarious  [ni5fZEriEs]  adj.违法的,邪恶的(flagrantly wicked or impious·evil)
(类)nefarious·wickedness=generous·liberality   邪恶的·邪恶=慷慨的·心胸开阔 (同义)
(反)nefarious ◆ above reproach/virtuous/ beneficial/ exemplary  
邪恶的 ◆ 无可指责的/品德高尚的/ 仁慈的/ 模范的

negation  [ni5^eiFEn]  n. 否定, 拒绝(a negative statement, judgment, or doctrine; especially:a logical proposition formed by asserting the falsity of a given proposition)
(反)negation ◆ affirmation   否定 ◆ 肯定   

negligence   [5ne^lidVEns] n. 疏忽(the quality or state of being not taking prudent care)
(反)negligence ◆ care   疏忽 ◆ 注意
(例)negligent about writing a note of thanks

neologism  [ni:5RlEdVIzm]  n. 新语(新词, 新用法,新表达法)(a new word, usage, or expression)
(反)neologism ◆ archaism/ well-established expression   新语 ◆ 古语/ 旧表达法
negotiate  [ni5^EuFieit]  vi. 商议,谈判,交涉(to confer with another so as to arrive at the settlement of some matter)
(类)clog·drainage=stalemate·negotiations  
堵塞·下水道=胶着状态·谈判,协商 (事物及其特殊状态)
negotiator·aggrement= mediation·compromise   谈判者·协议=调停者·妥协(目的)
(反)tenacious ◆ negotiable   固执的 ◆ 可商量的
(例)negotiate a treaty

neophyte  [5ni(:)Eufait]  n.初学者,新信徒(a new convert·proselyte)
(类)inexperience·neophyte=irresponsibility·wastrel
无经验·新信徒,开始者=不承担责任的人·败家子
neophyte·experience=boor·sensitivity   新信徒无阅历=粗野的人不敏感

nepotism  [5nepEtizEm]  n.裙带关系,偏袒亲属(favoritism as in appointment to a job based on
kinship)
(类)nepotism·relative=cronyism·friend   裙带关系·亲戚=任人唯亲·朋友(动宾)
nepotism·kinship=jingoist·nationality
裙带关系是不正常爱亲戚=沙文主义是不正常爱国家
nerve  [nE:v]  vt. 鼓起勇气(to give strength or courage to ) n. 神经,胆量
(反)appall ◆ nerve   使胆寒 ◆ 鼓起勇气
nervy ◆ diffident   有勇气的 ◆ 缺乏自信的

nettle  [5netl]  v. 烦忧,激恼(to arouse to sharp but transitory annoyance or anger)
(反)nettle ◆ conciliate/ mollify   激怒  ◆ 安抚

nexus  [5neksEs]  n. 连结,连系,核心,中心(connection,link; a connected group or series; center,
focus)
(反)nexus ◆ disconnected components   相互连结的一组,一系列 ◆ 不连贯的成分
nexus ◆ trivial point   核心 ◆ 微不足道的问题

nibble  [5nibl]  v. 小口咬(to eat or chew in small bits)
(类)quaff·sip=gobble·nibble   痛饮·啜饮=狼吞虎咽·小口咬

nil   [nil]  n.. 零(NOTHING, ZERO)
(类)nil·quantity=vacuum·matter   零没有数量=真空没有:物质
nip  [nip]  v. 一口饮酒(to take liquor in nips)
(类)nip·eat=jot·write   小口饮酒·吃=略记·写(程度)

nitpick  [nitpik]  v. 挑剔,吹毛求疵
(类)fluent·glib=meticulous·nitpick/finicky
流利的·口齿伶俐的=很仔细的·吹毛求疵/苛求的(褒贬程度)
nitpick·criticize=cavil·object   吹毛求疵·批评=苛责·反对(过分的后者导致前者)
nitpicker·criticize=preacher·sermon=quibbler·cavil
吹毛求疵者·责备=传教士·布道=吹毛求疵的人·吹毛求疵(人物典型特征)

nocturnal  [nCk5tE:nl]  adj. 夜间发生的,夜曲的(of, relating to, or occurring in the night)
(反)nocturnal ◆ happen during daytime/ diurnal   夜间发生的 ◆ 白天发生的/ 每日的,昼间的

noisome  [5nCisEm]  adj. 有害的,有毒的(noxious, harmful) 恶臭的(offensive to the senses and especially to the sense of smell)  非常讨厌的(highly obnoxious or objectionable)
(反)noisome ◆ appealing/ pleasant   令人讨厌的 ◆ 有吸引力的/令人愉快的
noisome ◆ attractively fragrant   恶臭的 ◆ 具有迷人香味的
noisome ◆ beneficial/ healthy   有害的 ◆ 有益的/令人愉快的/健康的
nomad  [5nEumAd]  n. 流浪者, 游牧民(a member of a people who have no fixed residence)
(类)nomad·domicile=freelancer·employer   游牧民无固定住所=自由作家无顾主
(反)nomadic ◆ settled   游牧的 ◆ 定居的

nominal  [5nCminl]  adj. 名义上的,不重要的(trifling, insignificant)
(类)nominal·significance=disjunctive·unity   有名无实的缺乏重要性=分离的缺乏统一
nominal·figurehead=absolute·autocrat   不重要的·有名无实的领袖=绝对的·独裁者

nonchalant  [5nCnFElEnt]  adj. 冷漠的(having an air of easy unconcern or indifference)
(类)anonymous·identify=nonchalant·excite   匿名的难以识别=冷漠的难以激动

nondescript  [5nCndis5kript]  adj. 没有特征的,平凡的(lacking distinctive or interesting qualities)
(反)nondescript ◆ conspicuous/ remarkable/striking   平凡的 ◆ 引人注目的/非凡的/惊人的
nonentity  [nC5nentiti]  n. 不存在,不重要之人(a person of little consequence or significance)
(类)dilettante·commitment=nonentity·consequenc
业余爱好者缺乏义务=不重要之人缺乏重要性
(反)mogul  ◆  nonentity   显要人物 ◆ 不重要的人

nonplus  [5nCn5plQs]  vt. 使困惑,使进退两难(to put at a loss as to what to do;bewilder)
(类)infuriate·rage=nonplus·perplexity  激怒使人大怒=使困惑使人困惑(行为及其影响)

nonsense  [5nCnsEns]  n. 胡言乱语(words or language having no meaning or conveying no
intelligible ideas)
(类)nonsensical·drivel=pompous·bombast   胡言乱语的·胡言乱语=虚夸的·夸大的言词

notch  [nCtF]  vt. 刻痕(to cut or make a notcha usually v-shaped depression in an edge or surface)
(反)serrated ◆ without notches   齿状的 ◆ 没有刻痕的
(例)There was a notch “早”in the table of Luxun.
novelty  [5nCvElti]  n. 新奇(something new or unusual)
(类)threadbare/timeworn·novelty=labyrinthine·directness   陈旧的·新奇事物=曲折的·笔直
ballad·stanza=novel·chapter   民歌·节,段=小说·章;回 (组成关系)
(反)novel ◆ banal/ timeworn   新颖的 ◆ 陈腐的/ 陈旧的

noxious  [5nCkFEs]  adj. 有害的,有毒的(physically harmful or destructive to living beings)
(反)noxious ◆ beneficial/salubrious   有害的 ◆ 有益的/有益健康的
(例)noxious wastes that poison our streams

nuance  [nju:5B:ns]  n. 细微的差异(a subtle distinction or variation)
(类)nuance·distinction=hint·suggestion   细微差异·差别=暗示·显示 (程度)
(反)nuance ◆ patent difference/ lack of subtlety/ sharp distinction/ patent
细微的差异 ◆ 明显的差别/ 缺乏精妙/ 明显的差别/ 明显的

nucleate  [5njuklieit]  v. 使…聚集成核(to form into a nucleus)
(反)nucleate ◆ disseminate/ scatter   聚集成核 ◆ 散布/ 分散

nudge  [nQdV]  n. v. 用肘轻推,引起注意(seek the attention of by a push of the elbow)
(类)doze·sleep=nudge·prod   瞌睡·睡觉=轻推·推动 (程度)
butt·head=nudge·elbow   以头抵撞·头=用肘轻推·肘 (动作及其身体部位)
nugatory  [5nju:^EtEri]  adj. 无关紧要的(of little or no consequence;trifling, inconsequential)
(反)nugatory  ◆  consequential   无关紧要的 ◆ 重要的

nurture  [5nE:tFE]  vt. 抚育,给…营养(to supply with nourishment)
(类)nurture·child··cultivate·crop   抚育:小孩=培养:农作物
(反)nurture ◆ withhold sustenance from   提供营养物 ◆ 停止提供营养物
nurture ◆ impede/ stunt   抚育 ◆ 阻止/阻碍生长
disregard ◆ nurture   忽略,漠视 ◆ 培育,教育
oasis  [Eu5eisis] n. 沙漠绿洲 (a fertile or green area in an arid region as a desert)
(类)glade·wood=oasis·desert   林间空地·树林=绿洲·沙漠

oath  [5EuW]  n. 誓言, 宣誓(solemn promise)  
(类)oath·promise=contract·agreement   誓言·允诺=合同·协议(前者比后者正式)
(例)something as a promise corroborated by an oath

obdurate  [5Cbdjurit]  adj. 固执的,执拗的(resistant to persuasion or softening influences);冷酷的
(类)energetic·frenetic=firm·obdurate=frugal·penurious
精力旺盛的·狂乱的=坚定的·顽固的=节俭的·吝啬的(褒贬程度)
firmness·obdurate=carefulness·meticulous
坚定·执迷不悟的=仔细的·谨小慎微的(褒贬程度)
penitent·obdurate=skeptic·credulous   悔过者·顽固的=怀疑者·轻信的(不容易)
obdurate·budge=lachrymose·cheer   固执的·移动=爱哭的·欢呼
obdurate·move=irrepressible·quell   冷酷无情的难以打动=镇压不住的难以镇压
(反)obdurate  ◆  amenable/ complaisant/flexible/pliable   执拗的 ◆ 温顺的
toward ◆ obdurate   和顺的 ◆ 顽固的
【注:toward :propitious, favoring  顺利的,和顺的 例a toward breeze 和顺的微风】

obedient  [E5bi:djEnt]  adj. 服从的,顺从的(submissive to the restraint or command of authority)
(反)obedient ◆ contumacious/ imperial   顺从的 ◆ 顽固的/最高权力的

obeisance  [Eu5beisns]  n. 鞠躬,敬礼(a movement of the body made in token of 表示respect or submission)
(类)obeisant·esteem=embrace·affection   鞠躬·尊敬=拥抱·爱 (行为及其表达内容)
(反)obeisant ◆ impertinent/ impudent/ imperious   恭敬的 ◆ 不礼貌的/放肆无礼的/专横的
(同)bow , honor, deference, homage, reverence
obfuscate  [CbfQskeit]  v. 使困惑,使迷惑(to make obscure)
(类)equivocation·truth=euphemism·offense=obfuscation·clarity
说模棱两可的话·真理=委婉的说法·攻击,伤感情=使模糊·清楚(反面特征)
headstrong·willfulness=obfuscate·confusing   顽固·任性=使困惑·胡涂(同义)
rationalization·plausible=obfuscation·indiscernible(干扰:equivocation·definite)   
自圆其说·给人假象的=困惑·难识别的(正面特征)【注:plausible :giving a deceptive
impression of truth, acceptability, or reliability;specious 给人假象的,华而不实的
rationalize:vi. to provide plausible but untrue reasons for conduct 找借口,自圆其说,文过饰非】
cowardice·intimidate=perplexity·obfuscate   懦弱容易被胁迫=困惑容易被迷惑
(反)obfuscate ◆ demystify/ elucidate/ illuminate/ clarify / explain clearly 使迷惑 ◆ 澄清,阐明
(反)obfuscated/ obfusticated ◆ lucid   困惑的 ◆ 清晰的
(同)obscure, adumbrate, becloud, befog, darken, dim, gloom
(记)ob(强调)+fusc(=dark黑暗)+ate→黑暗中摸索→迷惑,困惑
参考:confuse  使糊涂   fuscous暗褐色的
obituary  [EbitjuEri]  n. 讣告(a notice of a person's death usually with a short biographical account)
(类)roster·staff=obituary·death   花名册记录职员=讣告记录死亡

obligatory  [ebli^EtEri]  adj. 强制性的,必须的(binding in law or conscience; mandatory, required)
(反)obligatory ◆ discretionary/ selective/ elective   强制性的 ◆ 自由选择的
(记)来自 oblige v. 迫使 参考:obligation义务

obliging  [EblaidViN]  adj. 乐于助人的(willing to do favors)
(类)visionary·idealistic=officious·obliging  
空想的·空想主义的=好管闲事的·乐于助人的(褒贬)
(同)amiable, complaisant, good-humored, good-natured, good-tempered, lenient, mild
(记)由obligation“义务”而来。由被迫和义务转为乐于助人大家不要奇怪,汉语也有这样的用法,
如:义务为大家修车。不是被迫而是出于乐于助人。

oblique  [Ebli:k] adj. 倾斜的,间接的(not straightforward:indirect)
(反)oblique ◆ direct  倾斜的 ◆ 笔直的
(记)ob(不)+ lique(谐音:立刻)→不立刻→不直接→间接的
obliterate  [EblitEreit]  v. 涂掉,删除(to remove from existence)
(类)inspire·infuse=obliterate·remove   鼓舞·鼓舞=删除·除去(同义)
ineffable·description=irradicable·obliterate   不能说的·描述=不能根除的·删除
inexpurgate ◆ obliterate   无法除去 ◆ 除去
(同)erase, efface, expunge, wipe (out)
(记)ob(=over在…之上)+liter(=letter字母)→在字母之上覆盖东西→涂掉,删掉


oblivious  [EbliviEs]  adj. 健忘的,忘记的(lacking remembrance, memory, or mindful attention)
(类)erudite·fathom=oblivious·neglect   博学的·看穿=健忘的·忽略(正面特征)
【注】fathom :v. to penetrate and come to understand 看穿,看透
例如:He couldn't fathom the problem  他不能看透这个问题
(反)oblivious ◆ mindful/ vigilant  缺乏注意的 ◆ 留意的/机警的
oblivious ◆ cognizant  忘记的 ◆ 知晓的(fully informed)
(同)ignorant, incognizant, inconversant, unacquainted, unaware, uninformed
(例)She was oblivious to our warnings. 她忘了我们的提醒
(记)ob(不)+livi(=live活跃的)→大脑不活跃的→健忘的,忘记的
obloquy  [CblEkwi]  n. 谩骂,诽谤(abusively detractive language or utterance; calumny)
(反)adulation ◆ obloquy   奉承 ◆ 漫骂
(同)abuse, contumely, invective, scurrility, vituperation

obscure  [EbskjuE]  adj. 暗的,模糊的,无名的(not clearly seen or easily distinguished)v. 使模糊
(反)obscure ◆ explicit/ manifest   模糊的 ◆ 明晰的/明显的
obscure ◆ elucidate   使含糊 ◆ 阐明
legendary ◆ obscure   有名的 ◆ 无名的
obscurity ◆ celebrity   默默无闻的 ◆ 名人
obscurity ◆ clarity   模糊 ◆ 清晰
certitude ◆ obscurity   确实 ◆ 含糊
(同)faint, dark, vague, enigmatic, cryptic, ambiguous, equivocal
(例)an obscure textual reference

obsequious  [Ebsi:kwiEs]  adj. 谄媚的,奉承的,顺从的(marked by or a fawning attentiveness)
(类)condescending·patronize=obsequious·fawn   屈尊的· 屈尊=顺从的·巴结 (形动同义)
libertine·dissolute=sycophant·obsequious=narcissist·self absorbed
淫荡者·放荡的=马屁精·顺从的=自我陶醉者·自我吸引(人物典型特征)
sycophantic·obsequious=rebellious·resurgent
阿谀的·奉承的=反叛的·起义的(同义)
obsequious·fawn=compliant·yield  
顺从的·巴结=顺从的·屈服的 (褒贬程度)
obsequious·servile=belligerent·assertive
谄媚的·卑屈的=好战的·有进取心的(褒贬程度)
obsequious·attentiveness=parsimonious·frugality  
献媚的·关心的=吝啬·节俭(褒贬程度)
(反)supercilious ◆ obsequious   傲慢的 ◆ 顺从的
(同)subservient, menial, obeisant, servile
observatory  [EbzE:vEtEri]  n. 天文台
(类)conservatory·music=seminary·theology=observatory·astronomy
音乐学院·音乐=神学院·神学=天文台·天文学

obsess  [Ebses]  vt .迷住;使困窘,使烦扰(to haunt or excessively preoccupy the mind of)  
(类)agonized·distress=obsessed·concern   使苦恼·苦恼=使困扰·困扰
firm·intransigent=concerned·obsessed   坚定的:不妥协的=担心的:关心的 (同义)
obsessed·attracted=rash·adventurous   着迷·被吸引的=轻率的·冒险的
obsessed·attracted=intimate·close   着迷的·被吸引的=亲密的·接近的 (程度)
(反)obsession ◆ intense disgust   迷住 ◆ 极度厌恶

obstinate  [Cbstinit]  adj. 固执的, 倔强的(perversely adhering to an opinion, purpose, or course)
(类)obstinate·preserve=tactless/insensitive·offend    固执的·坚持=无礼的·冒犯(不容易)
unflappable·upset=obstinate·persuade  镇定的·慌乱=倔强的·说服 (不容易被)
firm· obstinate=supple·spineless=thin·emaciated  
坚定·顽固=逢迎的·没有勇气的=瘦的·瘦弱的(程度)
(反)obstinacy  ◆  tractability   固执 ◆ 温顺
obstinate  ◆  tractable   固执的 ◆ 温顺的      
(同)bullheaded, closed-minded, hardheaded, headstrong, intractable, intransigent, mulish, pertinacious, perverse, pervicacious, refractory, stubborn, unpliable, unpliant, unyielding
obstruct  [EbstrQkt]  v. 阻碍,阻塞(to hinder from passage, action, or operation)
(反)obstruct ◆ facilitate   阻碍 ◆ 促进
occluded ◆ unobstructed   闭塞的 ◆ 开放的
obstructed ◆ unocclude   阻塞的 ◆ 开放的
abet ◆ obstruct   教唆 ◆ 阻止
obstructionist ◆ one who facilitates   防碍者 ◆ 促进者
(同)hinder, bar, block, brake, dam, impede, overslaugh

obtuse  [Ebtju:s]  adj. 愚笨的,不锐利的(lacking sharpness or quickness of sensibility or intellect)
(类)parsimonious·liberal=obtuse·keen=restive·calmness
吝啬的·慷慨的=钝的·锋利的=失控的·镇静(反义)
impertinent·propriety=keen·obtuseness  鲁莽的·适当=敏锐的·迟钝(形名反义)
(反)obtuse ◆ insightful   愚笨的 ◆ 有深刻见解的
(同)dull, blunt

obviate  [Cbvieit]  vt. 除去,排除
(类)emulate·exemplary=obviate·unnecessary   效仿·可效仿的=除去·不必要的

occlude  [Cklu:d]  vt. 阻塞,闭塞(to close up or block off·obstruct)
(反)occluded ◆ unobstructed   闭塞的 ◆ 不闭塞的
obstructed ◆ unocclude   阻碍的 ◆ 不阻塞的
(同)choke, clog, close, congest, obstruct
occult  [CkQlt]  adj. 神秘的,不可思议的(not easily apprehended or understood)
(反)occult ◆ bare/ manifest/ patent/ readily fathomable
神秘的 ◆ 暴露的/ 明显的/ 明显的/ 可理解的  
(同)recondite, abstruse, esoteric, hermetic, profound, secret

ode  [Eud]  n. 颂诗,赋(a lyric poem marked by exaltation of feeling and style, varying length of line, and complexity of stanza forms)
(类)chord·tone=ode·poem   和弦·曲调=颂诗·诗 (种属)
ode·poetry=spoof·parody   颂诗·诗=讽刺诗·讽刺作品

odium   [EudiEm]  n. 憎恶,讨厌(hatred and condemnation accompanied by loathing or contempt)
(反)odium ◆ esteem/ hankering / infatuation   憎恨 ◆ 迷恋/ 渴望/ 着迷
(同)detestation disgrace, discredit, disesteem, dishonor, disrepute, ignominy, infamy, obloquy, opprobrium

offbeat  [Rfbi:t]  adj. 不平常的,离奇的(eccentric, unconventional)
(反)offbeat ◆ conventional   反传统的 ◆ 传统的
offbeat ◆ bathetic/ hackneyed   离奇的 ◆ 平庸的
offhand  [C:fhAnd]  adj. 即席的,无准备的(without premeditation or preparation·extempore)
(反)offhand ◆ premeditated   即兴的 ◆ 事先谋划的
(同)extemporary, extempore, impromptu, improvised

officious  [EfiFEs]  adj.多管嫌事的,好忠告人的(meddlesome)
(类)attentive·officious=refined·snobbish   留意的·多管闲事的=雅致的·俗不可耐的
officious·meddle=disaffected·rebel   多管闲事的·干涉=有叛意的·背叛
visionary·idealistic=officious·obliging   空想的·空想主义的=多管闲事的·乐于助人的
officious·attentive=parsimony·frugal   多管闲事的·留意的=吝啬·节俭(褒贬程度)

offish  [C:fiF]  adj. 冷淡的(somewhat cold and reserved·standoffish)
(反)offish ◆ sociable   冷漠的 ◆ 友善的
(同)aloof, insociable, reserved, solitary, standoffish, unapproachable, withdrawn

off-key  adj. 走调的(varying in pitch from the proper tone of a melody)不规则的(irregular)
(反)off-key ◆ at the proper pitch  走调的 ◆ 调子正确的  

olfaction  [ClfAkFEn]  n. 嗅觉(the sense of smell)
(类)olfaction·odor=gustation·flavor   嗅觉能闻到气味=味觉能品尝滋味
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