GRE General考试主要是考察应试人的基本英语能力以及对英文方面知识所涉及的广度和深度 包括、和Analytical Writing三部分。满分为6分;Verval与Quantitative各为800分,满分共为1600分,成绩5年内有效。
GRE(Graduate Record Exam)考试是研究生的入学考试,它适用于除了法律(需参加LSAT考试)与商业(需参加GMAT考)以外的各种学科与专业的研究生考试。GRE考试分为两种,一种是普通GRE考试(GRE General),也就是大部分中国学生参加的GRE考试。另一种是专项GRE考试(GRE Subject)参加GRE专项考试的中国考生并非很多,因为大多数美国院校不要求提供专项GRE成绩,只要求普通GRE成绩。但申请研究生专业与申请人本科专业不一致的申请人,是需要提供专项GRE成绩的。例如A君在中国获得某大学物理专业学士学位,希望到美国改读经济硕士学位(Master of Arts in Economics),那么就需要提供GRE经济专项考试成绩,如果希望改读生化硕士学位,就需要提供GRE生化专项成绩。如果本科所学习的专业与申请研究生专业相同,一般不必提供专项成绩。
abbreviate [E5bri:vIeIt] v. 缩写,缩短,(to make briefer)
(类)abridge·word=abbreviate·letter
删减·词语=简化·文字(动作及其相关对象)
abbreviation·sentence=synopsis·narrative
句子缩写·句子=叙述摘要·叙述(动作及其相关对象)
abbreviation·sentence=abridgment·essay
句子缩写·句子=文章删节·文章(动作及其相关对象)
(反)extend 扩增 protract 延长
(同)abridge, curtail, cut,retrench, slash
(例)to abbreviate the December to Dec 把December 简写为 Dec 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:26
aberrant [A5berEnt] adj. 异常的,非常规的(deviating from the usual or natural type)
(类)aberrant·standard=digressive·topic 异常的·标准=离题的·主题
(反)aberrant ◆ normal 异常的 ◆ 正常的
(记)ab+err(=error错误)+ant→走向错误→越轨的
(同)anomalous, atypical, deviant
(例)a rocket on an aberrant course 逸出轨道的火箭 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:27
abet [E5bet] v. 帮助、支持、怂恿(to assist or support in the achievement of a purpose)
(类)abet·assistance=counsel·guidance 协助·帮助=顾问·指导(同义)
abet·encouragement=elucidate·clarity 协助·鼓励=阐明·清晰(行为及其结果)
(反)【stymie;frustrate;obstruct;thwart;impede;forestall】(阻挠)
(记)联想:因为一个赌,所以要帮助
(同)aid, assist, benefact
(例)abetted the thief in robbing the bank. 怂恿盗贼抢劫银行 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:27
abeyance [E5beIEns] n. 中止,暂停,搁置(temporary inactivity)
(反)abeyance ◆ continuance 暂停 ◆ 继续
abeyance ◆ fulfillment 中止 ◆ 施行
(同)doldrums,latency, quiescence, suspension
(记)obey 遵守。联想:遵守停火(暂停)协议。
(例)The law go into abeyance. 这项法律停止生效。
abiding [E5baIdIN] adj. 永久的,持久的(to remain stable or fixed in a state)
(反)evanescent;ephemeral(短暂的)
(同)enduring, firm, steadfast, steady
(记)来自abide容忍 联想:能忍的人能够持久地做一件事
(例)an abiding love of music. 对音乐持久的爱好
an abiding friendship 永恒的友谊
abject [5AbdVekt] adj. 卑微的;精神不振的(cast down in spirit)
(反)exultant(得意洋洋的) spirited(生气勃勃地) exciting(兴奋的)
(记)ab+ject(抛扔)→抛掉的→可怜的,精神不振的 参考:reject拒绝,丢弃;project投射
(例)He was made abject by suffering他被痛苦折磨得无精打采。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:27
abjure [Ab5dVJE] v. 发誓放弃(renounce upon oath)
(反)affirm 肯定 espouse支持 embrace支持
【注:迷惑选项insist。Insist虽然翻译成坚持,但与汉语的坚持又有不同。汉语里的坚持其实包含了
affirm和insist的两者的意思,即除了强调态度的强硬也包含一种从理性角度的支持。如:他坚持insist
要去。他坚持affirm/espouse/embrace真理。这样insist翻译成坚持的时候很容易让我们迷惑。所以
这时候查英文字典才显得很重要。】
(记)ab+jure(发誓)→发誓不要 参考:jury 陪审团perjury 伪证adjure 发誓 conjure 恳求
(例)He abjured the errors of his former faith他发誓放弃以前信念的错误。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:27
abominate [ E5bCmineit ] v. 憎恶(to hate or loathe intensely)
(反)abominate ◆ esteem 憎恶 ◆ 尊敬
(同)abhor, detest, execrate, loathe
(记)词根:omen 预兆 参考:ominous:adj.预兆的,恶兆的
另类记忆:bomb(炸弹)联想:人们都很憎恶炸弹。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:28
aboveboard adj. 无欺诈的(free from all traces of deceit or duplicity)adv. 直率地,光明磊落地
(be in a straightforward manner)
(反)surreptitious ◆ barefaced/ aboveboard 暗中的 ◆ 公然的/ 无欺诈的
chicanery ◆ aboveboard action 欺诈 ◆ 光明磊落
(同)forthright, plain dealing, straight
abrade [E5breiVEn] v. 磨损(to rub or wear away especially by friction:ERODE)
(类)abraded·friction=vaporized·heat 磨损由于摩擦=蒸发由于加热
abraded·friction=desiccated·dehydration 磨损产生于摩擦力=干燥产生于脱水
scuff·abrasion=heat·vaporization 使磨损造成磨损=加热造成汽化
lubricate·abrasion=seal·leakage 加润滑油防磨损=密封防渗漏
(反)abrade ◆ augment 磨损 ◆ 增加
(同)corrade, erode, gall, graze, rub, ruffle, wear 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:28
abridge [E5brIdV] v. 删减,缩短
(反)condensed ◆ unabridged 浓缩的 ◆ 未删减的
(反)amplify(扩大) extend in length;protract(延长)
(记)参考:abbreviate(缩写); brief(简报)
(例)The rights of citizens must not be abridged. 公民权利不能擅予削减。
abrogate [5AbrEJ^eIt] v. 废除(法令等);取消(to abolish by authoritative action)
(反)embrace支持 uphold支持 institute创立
(记)ab(否定)+rog(问)+ate→不再值得过问→干脆取消;参考:interrogate(审问)
(同)discharge, dissolve, quash, vacate, void
(例)This custom was abrogated years ago. 这一惯例多年前业已废除。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:28
abscission [Ab5siFn] v. 切断
(反)abscission ◆ process of grafting 切断 ◆ 嫁接
abscond [Ab5skRnd] v. 潜逃(to depart secretly and hide oneself)
(类)abscond·leave=(steal/ pilfer)·take 潜逃·离开=偷·拿(偷偷与正常)
abscond·depart=secrete·store=lurk·wait 潜逃·离开=隐藏·储藏=埋伏·等待
plot·scheme=follow·shadow=leave·abscond 策划·阴谋=跟随·尾随=离开·潜逃
(记)abs(离开)+cond(隐藏) 参考:recondite(深奥的)condiment (调味品)
absolute [5AbsElu:t] v. 绝对的,无限制的(complete;totally unlimited;certain)
(反)absolute ◆ qualified 绝对的 ◆ 有限制的
(例)without absolute proof of one's guilt无确实犯罪证据
absolve [Eb5zRlv] v. 赦免;使无罪(to set free from an obligation or the consequences of guilt)
(类)exculpatory·absolve=motivational·stir=hortative·encourage
辩解的·赦免=激发的·煽动=劝告的·鼓励(目的)
(反)inculpate 治罪 indict起诉
(记)ab+solve(解决) 联想:问题解决→无罪赦免 参考:solvent(可溶解的)
(同)exempt, discharge, dispense, excuse, relieve
(例)They agree to absolve us from our obligation. 他们同意免除我们的责任。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:29
abstain [Eb5stein] v. 主动戒绝,自我抑制 (to refrain from something by one's own choice)
(类)mandatory·comply=forbidden·abstain 强制的·服从=禁止的·戒除(前者要求后者)
(记)ab(否定)+ stain(污点) 联想:不要污点→主动戒绝坏毛病
(例)abstain from traditional political rhetoric. 避开不用传统的政治修辞
abstemious [Ab5sti:mIEs] adj. 有节制的(restraint especially in the consumption of food)
(类)reticent·talk=abstemious·gorge 沉默寡言的很少谈论=节制的不贪吃
(类)abstemious·indulge=【austere·decorate】有节制的·放纵=【简朴的·修饰】干扰选项
参考:2002/7:timeworn·novelty=convolution·simplicity反义【干扰:austere·decorate】
(反)abstemious ◆ indulgent 节制的 ◆ 放纵的
abstruse [Eb5stru:s] adj. 深奥的(difficult to comprehend;recondite)
(类)abstruse·comprehension=indiscernible·vision 深奥的·理解=看不见的·显现(难以)
(反)accessible(可了解的)patent(明显的)
(记)abs(不)+trus(进入,推)→不能进入→深奥的 参考:protrusion(伸出) intrusion(侵扰)
truss (支架:起到支撑,推一把的作用)
(例)Your statement is a bit too abstruse. 你的话很难理解。
abuse [E5bju:s] v. 辱骂,毁谤(to attack in words;revile)滥用,虐待
(类)declamation·grandiloquence=diatribe·abuse 雄辩·夸夸其谈=恶骂·辱骂(同义)
【注:grandiloquence:a pompous style in language;declaim:to speak pompously】
(类)polemic·disputatious=invective·abusive 好争论的·好争辩的=漫骂的·辱骂的(同义)
diatribe·abuse=burlesque·mockery 恶骂·辱骂=讽刺的嘲笑·嘲笑(同义)
(例)verbal abuse. 污言秽语
to abuse a privilege 滥用特权 to abuse a horse虐待一匹马
(记)ab(表否定)+ use(用)不怎么好好用→滥用 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:29
abysmal [E5bIzmEl] adj. 深不可测的,无底的(immeasurably low or wretched)
(类)stygian·dark=abysmal·low 极黑的·黑=极深的·低的(程度)
【注:stygian:extremely dark, gloomy, or forbidding】
(记)来自:abyss(深渊)a+byss(谐音:必死)联想:一个人跳入深渊必死。
accede [Ak5si:d] v. 同意(to express approval or give consent:give in to a request or demand)
(反)demur (反对)
(记)ac(表加强)+cede(放弃,割让)联想:割让就是同意放弃
accessory [Ek5sesErI] adj.附属的(additional object;useful but not essential thing)
(反)accessory ◆ of primarily importance 附属的 ◆ 主要的
(记)刚入门(access)一般都要当下属。参考:process 过程
(例)accessory of a bicycle 自行车的附件
accidental [AksI5dentEl] adj. 意外的,偶然的(occurring unexpectedly or by chance)
(类)inventiveness·accidental=effect·casual
创造发明·意外的=必然结果·偶然的(反面特征)
【注:effect:something that inevitably follows an antecedent 必然结果】
(反)safeguard·accident=hedge·loss 安全装置·事故=篱笆·丢失(防止关系)
intentional·accidental=arrogant·humble 故意的·意外的=傲慢的·谦逊的(反义)
(记)cid(落下)→意外的 联想:苹果落下是意外的,但牛顿从中发现必然的规律。
参考:incident(事件,事变) deciduous(每年落叶的) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:29
acclimate [E`klaImIt] vt. 使适应气候环境(to adapt to a new climate, environment)
(反)acclimate ◆ make unfamiliar with 使适应 ◆ 使不熟悉
(记)ac+climate(气候) 联想:适应气候、环境
accommodate [E5kRmEdeIt] v. 提供方便(to provide with something desired, needed, or suited
as a helpful service, a loan, or lodgings)
(类)obliterate·remove=accommodate·supply 删除·除去=提供方便·供给(同义)
(记)参考:commodity:日用品,商品(用来提供生活上的方便)
accost [E`kCst] vt. 问候,致意(greet, hail, salute)大胆靠近(to approach boldly or in a challenging
or sometimes a defensive manner)
(类)accost·approach =importune·request 大胆靠近·接近=不断要求强求·要求
(前者是后者的特殊方式)干扰:(bequest·give)(glorify·praise)
【注:importune:to beg, urge, or solicit persistently or troublesomely】
(例)We were accosted by a beggar who demanded money.
我们大着胆子靠近一个要钱的乞丐。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:30
accretion [A`kri:t] v. 逐渐增长(the process of growth or enlargement by a gradual buildup)
(类)accrete·growth=erode·destruction=inch·advance
渐增是逐渐增长=腐蚀是逐渐破坏=缓慢移动是逐渐前进
强调逐渐的过程(干扰:endure·tolerance同义)
(反)accrete ◆ wear away 渐增 ◆ 销蚀
accretion ◆ reduction in substance caused by erosion 渐增 ◆ 因腐蚀减少
accumulate [E5kju:mjJleIt] vi. 积聚,堆积(to gather or pile up especially little by little;amass)
(反)dissipate ◆ accumulate 消散,浪费 ◆ 积累
achromatic [AkrEJ5mAtIk] adj. 非彩色的, 无色的(possessing no hue)
(类)achromatic·hue=extraneous·essence=transitory·permanence
无色的·色调=无关的·本质=短暂的·永久
(记)a(表示无)+chroma(色彩)→无色的
acme n.顶点,极点(the highest point or stage)
(类)acme·mountain=crest·wave 山顶·山=浪尖·海浪 (事物及其顶点)
acme·surpass=impossible·execute 顶点无法超越=不可能的无法执行
(同)apex , apogee climax, peak, pinnacle, summit zenith(这么多顶点都要记住啊)
acquiesce [AkwI5es] v. 勉强同意;默许(to accept tacitly or passively)
(类)intransigent·acquiesce=deferential·offend 不妥协的·默许=恭敬的·冒犯(反面特征)
(反)resist 抵制 defy 抗拒
(记)ac+quiesce(=quiet安静) 联想:保持沉默→默许
(同)assent, accede, agree, consent
(例)We acquiesced in their plan. 我们只得默认他们的计划。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:30
acquisition [AkwI5zIFn] n. 获得(the act of acquiring)
(反)divestiture ◆ acquisition 剥夺 ◆ 获得
【注:divest :v. to deprive or dispossess especially of property, authority, or title】
(记)来自acquire 获得,得到
acre [5eikE] n. 英亩
(类)ream·paper=acre·land 纸的单位·纸=亩·土地
acrid [5AkrId] adj. 辛辣的,刺鼻的(sharp and harsh in taste or odor)
(类)acrid·odor=grating/ piercing·sound 刺激的·味道=刺耳的·声音(形修饰名)
acrid·gentleness=forthright·guile 辛辣的·温和的=直率的·狡诈(反面特征)
(反)acrid ◆ gentle 辛辣的 ◆ 温和的
acrimonious [AkrI5mEJnIEs] adj. 刻薄的(caustic especially in feeling, language, or manner)
(反)acrimonious ◆ harmonious 刻薄的 ◆ 和谐融洽的
(记)acri(尖,酸)→刻薄的
(例)His tendency to utter acrimonious remarks alienated his audience.
说话刻薄的习惯使他疏远了听众。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:31
acumen [E5kju:mEn] n. 敏锐,聪明(keenness and depth of perception)
(类)alacrity·prompt=acumen·shrewd 敏捷·快速=敏锐·干练(同义)
(反)acumen ◆ unable to discerning 敏锐 ◆ 不能辨别的
(记)acu(尖)+men →敏锐 参考:acupuncture 针灸
(例)His business acumen helped him to succeed where others had failed.
他在商业上的敏锐帮他在其他人失败的地方获得成功。
acute adj. 敏锐的,锐角的;(医)急性的(having a sudden onset 发作, sharp rise, and short course)
(类)perspicacity·acute=caprice·whimsical 敏锐·敏锐的=反复无常·多变的(名形同义)
(反)acute ◆ mild 急性的 ◆ 温和的
(例)acute disease. 急性病
adage [5AdidV] n. 谚语(a saying often in metaphorical form that embodies a common observation)
(同)saying, word, proverb, saw 谚语, byword 格言,谚语,笑柄
【注:谚语:民间流传的简练通俗而富有意义的语句,如“急成婚,长后悔”
格言:motto maxim含有教育意义可为准则的字句,如“谦虚诗人进步”】
(记)ad+age(时代)联想:谚语在不同时代都禁得起检验。易混淆:badge徽章 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:31
adamant [5AdEmEnt] adj. 坚硬的;固执的,不动摇的(unshakable especially in opposite)
(类)adamant·flexibility=refractory·control 坚固·柔软=难以操作的·可控制
impossible·execute=adamant·moved 不可能的·可操作的=顽固的·动容的
adamant·yield=cautious·gamble 固执的·屈服=谨慎的·孤注一掷
(反)vacillatory动摇incline to yield 容易妥协的
(记)a+dam大坝+ant 一个大坝上的蚂蚁;哈,如果不够固执和坚强,千里之堤,如何毁于蚁穴呢?
(例)He was adamant in his determination to punish the corrupt officials.
他下了决心,坚决惩治那些贪官污吏。
adapt [E5dApt] vt. 修改,使适应(to bring into correspondence or make suitable)
(反)adapt 修改 ◆ remain unchanged 保持不变的
(例)a species that has adapted well to winter climes. 很适应冬天气候的物种
(记)ad+apt(灵巧的,适当的;本身就是一个词啊) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:31
addendum [ E5dendEm ] n. 附录,补遗(a supplement to a book)
(类)addendum·document=postscript·letter 附录附属于文件=附言附属于信件
(记)由add 而来,参考另外一词:append 附加,添加
addict [E5dIkt] v. 沉溺,上瘾(to devote(oneself)to something habitually or obsessively强迫性地)
(类)disabuse·error=rehabilitate·addiction
打消错误念头·错误=使复原·上瘾,沉溺(动作与其相关对象)
inured·tolerance=addicted·dependency 习惯的容易忍受=上瘾的容易依赖
(记)ad+dict(要求)→不断要求→上瘾 参考:dictator独裁者
adhere [Ed5hIE] v. 依附,粘着(to hold fast or stick by gluing or grasping)
(反)adhere ◆ detach 依附 ◆ 分离
adherent ◆ forerunner 追随者 ◆ 先行者 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:31
adjourn [E5dV\:n] vi. 延期,休会(to suspend a session indefinitely or to another time or place)
(类)convoke ◆ adjourn 召集,召开会议 ◆ 休会,中止
(记)ad+journ(=journey旅行)→ 因为旅行停止开会。参考:journal 刊物 journalism新闻学
(例)The meeting will be adjourned till next Wednesday. 会议暂停,下星期三继续举行。
adjunct [5AdVQNkt] n. 附属物,附件(something added to another thing but not essentially a part of it)
(类)adjunct ◆ essential element 附属部分 ◆ 基本部分
(记)ad(增加)+junct(结合,连接) 联想:加上连接→附属物 参考:conjunct 结合的,共同的
ad-lib [Ad 5lIb] adj. 即兴的(spoken, composed, or performed without preparation)
(类)ad-lib·impromptu=side·divergent 即兴的·即兴的=偏向一侧的·偏离的(同义) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:32
admission [Ed5mIFn] n. 许可入场,录取(the act or process of admitting)
(类)lottery·raffle= ?? 抽彩·抽彩(同义)
干扰:ticket·admission =入场券·入场(行为动作及其凭证)
【注】raffle :a lottery in which a number of persons buy chances to win a prize
此题谬种流传很长时间。lottery并无奖券的意思。这个意思的词是lots,chances。
admonish [Ed5mRnIF] v. 告诫,责备 (to reprove or express warning in a gentle, earnest manner)
(类)peccadillo·sin 小罪·罪(小和正常)
不确定:admonishment·castigation =告诫·苛责(程度)
admonish·denounce=punish·pillory 告诫·公开责备=惩罚·示众(一般/ 公开关系)
pretense·deceive=admonition·reprove 伪装是一种欺骗=告诫是一种责备
alibi· exculpate=warning·admonish 用托词的方式来辩解=用警告的方式来告诫
(记)参考:monitor 班长,监视器(负责监督)
(同)reprove, chide, monish;rebuke, reprimand, reproach
(例)He admonished those frantic football fans to change their wicked ways.
他告诫那些疯狂的足球迷们改变那种捣蛋的做法。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:33
adore [E5dC:] vt. 崇拜,热爱,非常喜欢(to regard with loving admiration and devotion)
(类)adoration·affection=abhorrence·dislike=fascination·interest
崇拜·好感=痛恨·讨厌=强烈爱好·爱好(程度)
adulate·fawn=woo/ love·adore 谄媚·奉承=热爱·崇拜(程度)
(记)ad+ore说→表白崇拜之情 参考:inexorable无情的oration演说,致词
adulate [5AdjJleIt] v. 谄媚,奉承(to flatter or admire excessively or slavishly)
(类)fulminate·criticize =adulate·flatter(干扰:scorn·reject鄙斥·拒绝(褒贬))
猛烈抨击·批评=谄媚·奉承 (程度)这题NO2有一道
fulminate·criticize =adulate·flatter(干扰:relate·narrate同义)
将这两道题结合起来,不难发现adulate·flatter在ETS看来的确是程度关系。
aversion·disinclination=adulation·admiration 厌恶·没兴致=谄媚·赞赏(程度)
【注:disinclination :A lack of inclination;a mild aversion or reluctance. 不愿,缺少爱好;
比较厌恶或勉强】
(反)scorn 咒骂 disdain 轻蔑蔑视 vituperate辱骂 disparage 贬损
adulation ◆ somber affection 热烈的赞扬 ◆ 低沉的感情 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:33
adversary [5AdvEsErI] n. 敌手,对手(an opponent; an enemy)
(类)supplicant·humility=adversary·resistance 恳求者·谦卑=对手·反抗(人物正面特征)
(反)ally ◆ adversary 联盟 ◆ 敌手,对手
(记)ad+versary(=versus与…相对 简写:vs.)→对手
advert [5Adv\:t] vi. 注意,留意 n. 广告(to turn the mind or attention)
(反)advertent ◆ inattentive 留意的 ◆ 不注意的
inadvertence ◆ careful attention 疏忽 ◆ 仔细留意
(例)advert to a problem. 注意到一个问题 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:34
advertise [5AdvEtaIz] vt. 广告(to announce publicly esp. by a printed notice or a broadcast)
(类)advertising·commercial=publishing·journal 广告·电视或广播广告=出版·期刊(种属)
advocate [5AdvEkEt] vt. 主张,提倡(to plead in favor of)
(类)exponent·advocate=pollster·canvass 拥护者·拥护=民意调查家·调查
(反)advocate ◆ denounce 主张 ◆ 谴责
(记)ad(增强)+voc(声音,叫喊)+ate 联想:大声叫喊→主张;参考:revoke 废除
(例)He advocates building more schools. 他主张多建几所学校。
aerate [5eEreIt] v. 充气(to supply or impregnate with air)
(类)aerate·oxygen=hydrate·water 充气·氧气=使成水化合物·水
(反)aerate ◆ remove air from 充气 ◆ 放出空气
(记)aer(气:air的变形)+ate(表动作)→充气 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:34
affidavit [AfI5deIvIt] n. 宣过誓的书面陈述(a sworn statement in writing made esp. under oath)
(类)affidavit·statement=wedding·ceremony 宣誓过的书面陈述·陈述=婚礼·仪式
(记)fid(相信)参考:confidence 信心,保密 confide vt. 倾诉,委托 perfidy 背叛
affiliate [E5filieit ] v. 使成为会员,结盟(to bring or receive into close connection as a member)
(反)affiliation ◆ dissociation 结盟 ◆ 分裂
(记)fili(子女)参考:filial子女的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:34
affinity [E5fInItI] n. 天然倾向或喜好(implies a susceptibility or predisposition on something)
(反)aversion厌恶 repugnance厌恶 antipathy 厌恶
(例)He have an affinity for mathematics. 他天生喜欢数学。
affluent [5AflJEnt] adj. 丰富的, 富裕的(having a generously sufficient material possessions)
(反)needy 非常贫困的 impecunious贫困的
(记)flu(流动)+ent 联想:不断流入→富裕的
agenda [E5dVendE] n. 议程(a list or outline of things to be considered or done)
(类)minute·agenda=log·itinerary 会议记录·议程=航海日志·行程安排
syllabus·course=agenda·meeting=itinerary·trip=program·concert
教学大纲安排课程=议程安排会议=行程表安排旅程=节目程序安排音乐会
aggrandize [E5^rAndaIz] vt. 增加,夸大(to make appear great or greater:praise highly)
(反)disparage贬低 relegate降级 efface抹掉 undermine破坏
(记)grand (大) 参考:grandiloquent 夸张的,夸大的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:35
aggravate [5A^rEveIt] vt. 加重,恶化(to make worse, more serious, or more severe)
(反)console ◆ aggravate grief 抚慰,安慰 ◆ 加重悲伤
(反)alleviate 减轻 succor援助,减轻(to go to the aid of :RELIEVE)
(记)grav(重)→加重
aggregate [5A^rI^eIt] n. 集合体 v. 集合,合计(to collect or gather into a mass or whole)
(反)disaggregate ◆ coalesce 分散 ◆ 接合
aggregate ◆ isolated units 集合体 ◆ 隔离的单位
aggregate ◆ disperse 聚集 ◆ 分散
disaggregate ◆ join together 分解 ◆ 连接,结合
(记)greg(团体) 联想:集合;参考:gregarious(社交的,群居的)
aggressive [5E^resIv] adj. 好斗的,侵略性的(Inclined to behave in a hostile fashion)
(反)even-tempered 性情平和的
【注:even adj. 平的,公平的,偶数的 参考even-handed 公平的】
(例)an aggressive young executive. 一个进取心很强的年轻管理人员 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:35
aggrieve [E`^ri:v] vt. 使委屈,使苦恼(to give pain or trouble to)
(反)gratify 使满足
(同)distress,constrain, grieve, hurt
agony [5A^EnI] n. 苦恼,极大的痛苦(intense pain of mind or body)
(类)painful·agonizing=important·paramount
痛苦的·极大痛苦的=重要的·最重要的(程度)
agonized·distress=obsessed·concern
痛苦的·苦恼=困扰的·忧虑(形动同义)
airtight [5eEtaIt] adj. 密闭的,不透气的(impermeable to air or nearly so)
(类)foolproof·fail=airtight·leak 极其可靠的不会出故障=密封的不会泄漏
【注:foolproof :adj. so simple or reliable as to leave no opportunity for error or failure】 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:35
alacrity [E5lAkrItI] n. 敏捷,轻快;渴望,乐意(promptness in response:cheerful readiness)
(类)alacrity·prompt=acumen·shrewd 敏捷·快速=敏锐·干练(同义)
alacrity·apathetic=temerity·timid 渴望·缺乏感情的=卤莽蛮勇的·胆怯的(名形反义)
husbandry·dissipate=alacrity·procrastinate 节约·浪费=敏捷·延迟(反义)
(反)alacrity ◆ hesitance and reluctance 乐意(敏捷,欣然) ◆ 犹豫和不情愿
(反)dilatoriness 迟缓,拖延 hesitance 犹豫,踌躇
(例)He accepted the invitation with alacrity 他欣然接受了邀请。
alchemy [5AlkEmI] n. 炼金术(medieval chemistry)
(类)alchemy·chemistry=false drug·treatment 炼金术·化学=假药·治疗 (种属,特征"假")
alibi [5AlIbaI] n. 托辞,借口,辩解(an excuse usually intended to avert blame or punishment)
(类)alibi· exculpate=warning·admonish 托词目的是辩解=警告目的是告诫
alibi·exculpate=sophism·deceive 托词目的是辩解=诡辩目的是欺骗
align [E5laIn] vt排成一行,调准(to be in precise adjustment or correct relative position);结盟
(反)aligned ◆ improperly adjusted 准确调整的 ◆ 调整不当的
aligned ◆ irregular 排成一行的 ◆ 不规则的
aligned ◆ askew/ awry 排成一行的 ◆ 歪斜的
aligned ◆ warped 排成一行的 ◆ 弯曲的
(例)aligning the wheels of a truck. 调整卡车的轮子
We must align ourselves with the workers. 我们必须和工人们站在一起。
(记)a+lign(=line直线,排队) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:36
allay [5AleI] vt., 缓解(assuage)
(反)(excite/ arouse/ foment)激化,激起 (干扰:compel 强迫)
increase the intensity of 加重 exacerbate恶化
(例)We expect a breeze to allay the heat.我们希望一阵风能够缓解热浪。
(记)all+lay谐音“累”→都累了 联想:大家都累了,需要缓解一下压力。
allegiance [E5li:dVEns] n.忠诚,拥护(devotion or loyalty to a person, group, or cause)
(类)renegade·allegiance=apostate·faith 背信弃义者缺乏忠诚=背教者缺乏信念
pundits·authoritativeness=partisans·allegiance 博学者权威=拥护者忠诚
(记)谐音all+legiance 全立正,表达忠诚
比较:allegation·allegiance·allergy·allege 主张/拥护/过敏/宣称
alienate [ 5eiljEneit ] v. 疏远(to make unfriendly, hostile, or indifferent)
(反)unite 联合 reunite 重新联合
(同)estrance, alien, disaffect, disunify, disunite, wean
alliterate [E5lItEreIt] v. 押头韵(the repetition of initial consonant sounds)
(类)alliterate·remove=blazon·efface 押头韵难以删除=纹章难以拭除
(例) "The furrow followed free" is an example of alliteration
allowance [E5laJEns] n. 定量(a fixed or available amount)
(类)pittance·allowance=rivulet·stream 少量·定量=小溪·溪流 (小与正常)
(例)We were provided an allowance of time for recreation. 我们拥有定量的娱乐时间。
allude [E5lu:d] vi. 暗示,间接提到(to make indirect reference)
(类)intimate·communicate=allude·refer 暗中传达·传达=间接提到·提及
【注】intimate :to make known subtly and indirectly;hint 暗示
(反)allude ◆ mention explicitly 暗示,暗指 ◆ 明白的提及 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:36
ally [E5lai] n. 同盟(a sovereign or state associated with another by treaty or league)
(反)adversary / rival 敌手
(记)与alley小巷,小径易混。从读音上区分:all+ly(=lie)→都撒谎 联想:盟国之间都撒谎
aloof [E5lu:f] adj. 孤高的, 不合群的(removed or distant either physically or emotionally)
(类)politic·offend=aloof· associate 精明的难以得罪人=孤高的难以联合
gregarious ◆ aloof 爱社交的 ◆ 孤高的
(例)the aloof composer neither worried nor cared about public opinion.
这个孤高的作曲家既不担心也不关心公众的意见。
(记)a+ loof(=roof):一个人在屋顶上,又孤又高。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-17 07:37
alphabetical [AlfE5betIkl] adj. 按字母顺序的(arranged in the order of the letters)
(类)dictionary·alphabetical=annals·chronological
字典按字母顺序排列=编年史按时间顺序排列
(记)alpha和bet 是希腊字母A和B的读音。(学数学时经常用到啊)
altruism [5AltrJIzm] n. 利他主义(devotion to the welfare of others)
(类)altruist·selflessness=connoisseur·expertise
利他主义者具有无私品格=鉴赏家具有专门技术
(反)altruism ◆ egocentric 利他主义 ◆ 利己主义 (egoism)
(记)alter(=other 其他)参考:alternate 交替的,轮流的
amalgamate [E5mAl^EmeIt] v. 合并,混合(to merge into a single body)
(反)separate 分开 isolate 隔离
amorphous [E5mC:fEs] adj. 无定形的(having no definite form )
(类)amorphous·shape=errant·course=wandering·course=equivocal·meaning
无定形的·形状=路线不定的·路线=漫游的·路线=模棱两可的·意义
(记)a(无)+morph(形状)→无形状的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:47
amulet [5AmjJlIt] n. 护身符(an object worn as a charm符咒 against evil or injury)
(类)amulet·evil=helmet·injury 护身符防邪恶=头盔防伤害
anaerobic [AneE5rEJbIk] adj. 无氧能活的(living in the absence of free oxygen)
(反)anaerobic ◆ living in oxygen 无氧能活的 ◆ 生活在氧气里的
anaerobic ◆ require oxygen 无氧能活的 ◆ 需要氧气的
(记)an(无)+ aero(空气)→无氧能活的
analgesic [AnAl5dVi:sIk] n. 镇痛剂(insensibility to pain without loss of consciousness) (类)analgesic·pain=anesthetic·sensation=simplify·complexity
止痛剂·疼痛=麻醉剂·感觉=简单化·复杂性(消除关系)
pain·analgesic=sensation·anesthetic=symptom·palliative
疼痛·止痛剂=感觉·麻醉剂=症状·缓和的(消除关系)
tonic·invigorate=analgesic·deaden 补药·使健壮=止痛剂·使麻木(药品及其作用)
soporific·alertment=analgesic·pain 安眠药·警醒=止痛药·疼痛 (药物及其消除对象)
(记)an(否定)+alg(痛)→镇痛剂 参考:algetic adj. 疼痛的 nostalgia n. 乡愁,思乡病 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:48
anarchist [5AnEkIst] n. 无政府主义者(one who rebels against any authority or established order)
(类)anarchist·rebel=apologist·defend 无政府主义者·谋反=辩护者·辩护(人物典型特征)
(反)anarchy ◆ order 无政府状态,混乱 ◆ 次序,规则
(记)an+archy(统治)→无政府
anathema [E5nAWEmE] n. 诅咒,咒逐(one that is cursed by ecclesiastical authority)
(类)anathema·curse=theocracy·state 神的诅咒·诅咒=神权国家·国家
(反)panegyric ◆ anathema 赞扬 ◆ 诅咒
anecdote [5AnIkdEJt] n. 轶事,趣闻(a usually short narrative of an interesting incident)
(类)anecdote·amusement=lecture·instruction 轶闻·娱乐=演讲·教导
skit·play=anecdote·narrative 滑稽短剧·戏剧=趣闻·叙事(双重对应:短且有趣)
【注:skit (a brief burlesque) anecdote (a short interesting narrative)】
anemic [E5ni:mIk] adj. 贫血的, 乏力的(lacking force, vitality, or spirit)
(反)anemic◆strong/ hale 贫血的◆强壮的/ 健康的
(记)a+nem(血)+ia 联想:无血的疾病→贫血 比较:amnesia·anemia 健忘·贫血
annals [5Anlz] n. 纪年表,年鉴,年报(a record of events arranged in yearly sequence)
(类)dictionary·alphabetical=annals·chronological
字典·依字母顺序的=年鉴·按年代顺序的(事物及其编排方式)
(记)ann(年,一年)参考:annual 每年的,一年一次的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:49
annoy [E5nCI] vt. 使苦恼,骚扰,惹恼(to disturb especially by repeated acts)
(类)testy·annoy=tractable·control 易怒的·惹恼=易于管教的·控制,管理(容易被)
patronizing·condescending=peeved·annoyed
使领情的·使领情的=气恼的·恼怒的(同义)
annul [E5nQl] v. 宣告无效,取消(to declare or make legally invalid or void)
(反)annul ◆ make legal 宣告无效 ◆ 使合法
annul ◆ reaffirm 宣告无效 ◆ 重新确认
(记)an+nul(=null零)→取消 参考:nullify取消
anthology [An5WRlEdVI] n. 诗集,文选(a collection of selected literary works of art)
(类)compendium·summary=anthology·collection 概略·概要=文选·文集(同义)
(记)antho-(前缀:花)+ log(=leg 采摘,聚集)→花的集合→文选
参考:anthomania 花痴 legion 军团,众多,大批
antidote [5AntIdEJt] n. 解毒剂,解药(a remedy to counteract the effects of poison)
(类)antidote·poisoning=balm·irritation 解毒剂·中毒=药膏·刺激
remedy·disease=antidote·poisoning 治疗法·疾病=解毒剂·中毒
(记)anti(反)+dote(药剂) 联想:反毒的药→解毒药
apathy [5ApEWI] n. 漠然,冷淡(lack of feeling or emotion)
(类)ennui·enthusiastic=fervor·apathetic 倦怠·热心的=热情·缺乏感情的
(反)vehement ◆ apathetic 激烈的 ◆ 缺乏感情的
(记)a+pathy →无感情的→冷淡
apocryphal [EpR5krIfEl] n. 虚假的(untrue;made up)
(反)apocryphal ◆ authentic 假冒的 ◆ 可信的
(记)apo-远离+ cry(哭)+phal →远远地哭→虚情假意的→虚假的
(例)Wildly apocryphal rumors about starvation in Petrograd raced through Russia's trenches.
彼得格勒饿死人的杜撰谣言迅速地在俄军阵营流传开来
apophasis [E`pCfEsIs] n. 表面上否认实际要说的话
例如:I will not bring up my opponent's questionable financial dealings.
我不想提我的对手令人怀疑的财政问题。(表面不想提,实际就是要说的话)
(类)apophasis·claim=oxymoron·paradox
婉转表述·表述=用词矛盾·矛盾(事物与其相关对象)
【注:oxymoron :a combination of contradictory words 例如:cruel kindness 残酷的温柔】
(记)apo-远离+phasis(= say说)→远远的绕圈子说话 参考:phrase 短语 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:49
appellation [ApE5leIFEn] n. 名称, 称呼,命名(A name, title, or designation)
(类)foreword·introductory=appellation·designate 前言·介绍性的=命名·命名的
(记)来自appeal请求 联想:请求皇帝册封名号。
applause [E5plC:z] n. 鼓掌,喝彩,赞许 (approval publicly expressed)
(类)mirth·laughter=approval·applause 欢乐·笑=赞成·鼓掌(后者表达前者)
(记)参考:plausible似是而非的
apposite [5ApEzIt] adj. 适当的,恰切的(highly pertinent or appropriate:APT)
(反)apposite ◆ extraneous 合适的 ◆ 无关的
(记) posite 联想 position 位置合适
appreciable [E5pri:FEbEl] adj. 可感知的,可评估的(capable of being perceived or measured)
(反)appreciable ◆ imperceptible 可感知的 ◆ 不能感知的
ponderable ◆ inappreciable 有价值的 ◆ 微不足道的
(记)参考:appreciation v. 欣赏,正确评价;感激 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:50
apprehension [AprI5henFn] n. 忧惧(suspicion or fear especially of future evil),逮捕
(类)apprehension·terror=affection·adoration 忧惧·恐怖=好感·崇拜(程度)
(记)来自prehend抓住→抓住精神→忧惧;抓住肉体→逮捕
apprise [E5praiz] v. 通知,告知(inform)
(类)apprise·information=admonish·warning 通知传达信息=告诫表达警告
(反)apprise ◆ withhold information 通知 ◆ 保留信息
(记)ap+prise学习→学习就是被告知。参考: apprentice学徒
aquatic [E5kwAtIk] adj. 水生的,水中的(growing or living in water)
(类)aerial·air=aquatic·water=arboreal·tree
空气中生活的·空气=水栖的·水=树栖的·树
(记)aqu(水)参考 aqueduct 导水管 aquifer 含水土层
aqueduct n.导水管 (a conduit for water)
(类)aqueduct·water=pipeline·gas=vessel·blood
导水管·水=导气管·气体=脉管·血
(记)aque(水)+duct(引导)→导水管
aquifer [`AkwIfE] n. 蓄水层(a water-bearing stratum of permeable rock)
(类)shale·lode=well·aquifer 页岩·矿脉=水源·蓄水层(发源地)
【注:well :an issue of water from the earth:a pool fed by a spring】
(记)aqui (=水)+ fer (带来)→带来水的地方→含水层 参考:confer 授予 prefer 更喜欢 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:50
arachnid [E5rAknId] n. 节肢动物(including the spiders,scorpions, mites)
(类)spider·arachnid=orange·fruit 蜘蛛·节肢动物=橘子·水果 (种属)
arbor [5B:bE] n. 树阴,凉亭
(类)arbor·shelter=hedgerow·fence 树荫·掩蔽处=灌木篱墙·围墙(种属)
(记)参考 Arbor Day 植树节 arboretum 植物园
archetype [5B:kItaIp] n. 原型(prototype;primitive pattern) 范例(paradigm ;model)
(类)harbinger·presage=archetype·exemplify 预兆·预告=范例·例示
【注:harbinger a:one that pioneers in or initiates a major change:PRECURSOR 先驱
b:one that presages or foreshadows what is to come 预兆】
(记)arche(原初的)+ type(形状)→原型
archipelago [9B:kI`pelE^EJ] n. 群岛(group of closely located islands)
(类)grove·trees=archipelago·islands 小树林·树木=群岛·岛屿(组成关系)
galaxy·stars=archipelago·islands 星系·恒星=群岛·岛屿(组成关系)
island·archipelago=fish·school=people ·crowd 岛·群岛=鱼·鱼群=人·人群
(记)由arch(弧形) 联想群岛一般是弧形的。
archive [`B:kaIv] n. 档案室(place where public records are kept)
(类)archive·manuscript=arsenal·weapon 档案室·手稿=军械库·兵器
archive·records=museum·artifacts 档案室·记录=博物馆·史前古器物 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:51
arduous [5BrdVJEs] adj. 费劲的(hard to accomplish or achieve)
(反)arduous ◆ facile 费劲的 ◆ 易做到的
(同)difficult, labored, laborious, strenuous
(记)ard热 联想:天气很热的时候学习真费劲。
argot [5B:^EJ] n. 隐语,黑话,行话(secret vocabulary peculiar to a particular group)
(反)argot ◆ standard language/ common verbalism 隐语,暗语 ◆ 规则地语言/ 普通地言语
(同)cant, jargon, slang, vernacular
(记)注意发音:谐音阿狗。阿狗是地道的黑话。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:51
aria [ 5B:riE ] n. 咏叹调(a solo vocal piece with instrumental accompaniment, as in an opera)
(类)opera·aria=play·monologue 歌剧·独唱曲=戏剧·独白(双重对应)
biography·nonfiction = sonnet·poem 自传·非虚构=十四行诗·诗(种属)
干扰:aria·opera 咏叹调是歌剧中的一种演唱方式,并不是歌剧的一种。
(记)来自 air 空气 因为咏叹调希望运用很足的气息。练声时a---I----a
aspect [5Aspekt] n. 样子, 外表 (appearance to the eye or mind)
(类)transfigure·aspect=transfer·location 使变形·样子=转移·位置
(同)look(外表), mien(风度), seeming (外观)
asperity [A5sperItI] n. 性情粗暴(sharpness of temper)
(反)mildness of temper 脾气温和 soothingness让人宽心 amiability 和蔼可亲
aspersion n. 诽谤,中伤 (slanderous remark)
(反)glowing tribute 厚礼 flattery 谄媚
【注:tribute :a gift or service showing respect, gratitude, or affection】
aspirant [5AspIrEnt] n. 有抱负者, 有野心者(seeker after position or status)
(类)aspirant·quarry=hunter·prey 有抱负者·目标=狩猎者·猎物(前追求后)
(记)a+spir(呼吸)联想:大口呼吸,渴望呼吸到更多新鲜东西→抱负 参考:respiration(呼吸) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:51
assert [E5s\:t] vt. 主张,声明,断言(state strongly ,demand recognition of rights)
(类)calumny·assertion=perjury·testimony 诽谤·断言=伪证·证言(伪与正常)
assert·belabor=tend·fuss 断言·冗长的讨论=关心·过分关心(正常与过分)
【注:fuss :a show of flattering attention 例made a big fuss over his favorite niece】
(记)sert(= serere 加入)联想:加入自己的意见→主张 参考:insert 插入
astringent n. 收敛剂 adj. 收敛的
(类)astringent·pucker=coagulant·congeal 收敛剂·收缩=凝结剂·凝结
astringent·contraction=anesthetic·insensibility 收敛剂·收缩=麻醉剂·无知觉
astringent·pucker=spark·ignition 收敛剂·收缩=火花·点火
(记)a(表否定)+string=绳子,延伸(to stretch out or extend)string→不伸展→收缩。
astrology n. 占星术
(类)astrology·astronomy=alchemy·chemistry 占星术·天文学=炼金术·化学(伪与正常)
(记)astro-(前缀,表示“星,天体,宇宙”)参考:astronaut 宇航员
astute [E5stu:t] adj. 机敏的,狡猾的(having or showing shrewdness and perspicacity)
(反)fatuous ◆ astute 愚笨的 ◆ 机敏的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:52
asunder adv. 分离(into parts)
(反)asunder ◆ in a piece 分离 ◆ 一整片
(记)a+sunder(谐音:“散的”)→弄散→分离
(例)torn asunder撕开
asymmetrical [AsI5metrIkl] adj. 不匀称的,不对称的(not of equal size or similar shape)
(类)circular·asymmetrical=protean·rigid 圆形的·不对称的=变化多端的·僵硬死板的
(记)a(表否定)+symmetrical(对称的)
asylum [E5saIlEm] n. 收容所(place of refuge or shelter;protection)
(类)refugee·asylum 难民·避难所
atone [E5tEJn] v. 赎罪,补偿,弥补(make amends for;pay for, expiate)
(类)guilt·atonement=fatigue·repose 罪行·赎罪=疲劳·休息(消除关系)
(记)a+tone 谐音:一桶;联想用一桶金来赎罪。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:52
atrophy adj. 萎缩的(wasting away)
(例) Polio victims need physiotherapy to prevent the atrophy of affected limbs.
小儿麻痹症患者需要物理疗法防止病肢萎缩。
(记)a(无)+trophy(营养,奖品)→无营养→萎缩。
attenuate [E5tenjJeIt] v. 变薄,变弱,削弱(to lessen the amount,magnitude, or value of)
(类)attenuate·force=decelerate·speed=collapse·volume
减弱·力量=减速·速度=倒塌,崩溃·体积
attenuate·thickness=enervate·vitality=cool·temperature=bluntness·sharpness
使变稀薄·浓度=使虚弱·活力=冷却·温度=钝化·锐利
attenuate·force=simplify·complexity=debase·value=retrenchment·money
减弱·力量=简化·复杂=降低价值·价值=削减·开支
(记)tenu 细,薄 参考:tenuous adj. 纤细的 区别:sinuous 蜿蜒的 extenuate 减轻 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:52
authority [C:5WRrItI] n. 权威(power to influence thought, opinion, or behavior)
(类)authoritative·acceptance=conspicuous·attention
权威的·接受=出众的·注意力(易于)
authoritativeness·pundits=allegiance·partisans
权威性·博学者=忠诚·教徒(人物典型特征)
impostor·identity=usurper·authorization
冒名顶替者·身份=篡位者·权利 (前追求后)
contumacious·authority=conservative·novelty
不听命令的·权威=保守的·新颖(前者否定后者)
recalcitrant·authority=reactionary·change
顽抗的·权威=保守的·改变(前者否定后者)
(记)与authentic比较,两者中间一个是en 联想zhen(真)一个是or联想嘴(权威靠嘴说)
autocracy [C:5tRkrEsI] n. 独裁政府(government in which a person possesses unlimited power)
(类)pundit·knowledge=autocracy·power
博学者·知识=独裁者·权利(前者拥有无限的后者)
(记)auto(自己)+cracy(统治)→自己统治→独裁 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:53
autonomy n. 自治(the quality or state of being self-governing)
(反)autonomy◆dependence 自治◆独立
(记)auto(自动)+nomy(命名)自己给自己命名 联想:独立。
avarice [5AvErIs] n. 贪财, 贪婪(excessive or insatiable desire for wealth or gain)
(类)avarice·money=gluttony·food 贪婪·钱=贪吃·食物(动作及其相关对象)
stoic·perturb=avaricious·satisfy 冷静的难扰乱=贪婪的难满足
(反)avarice ◆ generosity 贪婪 ◆ 慷慨 (干扰:sobriety 节制)
contented ◆ avaricious 满足的 ◆ 贪婪的
(记)由avarice联想every 进一步联想:每一个都想要,够贪婪的
aver v. 断言(to declare positively)证明(to verify to be true in pleading a cause)
(反)aver◆deny 证明◆否认
awl [C:l] n. 锥子,尖钻(a pointed tool for marking surfaces or piercing small holes)
(类)awl·pierce=pestle·hash 尖钻·刺穿=杵·碾碎 (后者是前者的功能)
(记)awl 变形为 law 联想:寻找法律的空隙钻进去。
awning [5C:nIN] n. 雨篷,遮阳篷(a rooflike structure that serves as a shelter)
(类)awning·sun=umbrella·rain 遮阳蓬·太阳=雨伞·雨
awry [E5raI] adj. 扭曲的,走样的(deviating from a straight line or direction)
(反)orderly 有序的 aligned 成一行的
axiomatic [7AksiE5mAtik] adj.不证自明的,公理的(self-evident truth requiring no proof)
(反)controversial 争议性的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:53
badge [bAdV] n. 徽章(a device of membership in a society)标志(a characteristic mark)
(类)chevron·badge=caisson·cart v型袖章·徽章=载炮车·大车 (种属)
【注:chevron:a sleeve badge that usually consists of one or more v-shaped stripes
caisson:a usually 2-wheeled vehicle for artillery ammunition】
bait [beIt] v. 折磨(to persist in tormenting or harassing another;badger)
(反)disarm 抚慰,使消除敌意 mollify 抚慰 (干扰:fortify 使坚强)
【注】bait implies wanton cruelty or delight in persecuting a helpless victim /baited the chained dog/
disarm :to overcome or allay the suspicion, hostility, or antagonism of
His smile disarmed us. 他的微笑消除了我们的怒气。
(记)原义:饵, 诱惑物。联想:以饵引诱(动物)→欺负,折磨(哎,动物真可怜)
balance [5bAlEns] n. 天平,秤 v. 平衡,权衡
(类)abacus·calculated=balance·weighted 算盘·计算=天平·称量(工具及其作用)
banister [5bAnIstE] n. 栏杆的支柱,楼梯的扶栏(a handrail with its supporting posts)
(类)staircase·banister=garden·fence 楼梯·扶栏=花园·围墙
banquet [5bANkwIt] n. 盛宴(a sumptuous feast)
(类)writer/ author·novel=chef·banquet 作家·小说=厨师·盛宴 (职业及其工作对象)
banter [ 5bAntE ] v. 善意的玩笑(to speak to or address in a witty and teasing manner)
(类)playful·banter=exaggerated·hyperbole 玩笑的·玩笑=夸张的·夸张(形名同义)
(记)谐音:帮他。联想:用善意的玩笑来帮助他。
(例)The students enjoyed their teacher's bantering them about their mistakes.
同学们对老师用风趣的方式讲解他们的错误很感兴趣。
barb [bB:b] n. 尖锐而严厉的批评(a biting or pointedly critical remark or comment)
(类)barb·caustic=pan·harsh 尖锐批评·尖刻的=严厉批评·严厉的
(记)barb 倒钩 联想:带钩带刺的,批评。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:54
barrage v. 枪弹齐发(a vigorous projection of many things at once)
(类)barrage·explosives=deluge·rain 枪弹齐发·爆炸物=豪雨·雨
(例)the announcement was met with a barrage of protests这项声明遭遇了暴风骤雨般的抗议。
(记)bar(棒子)+ rage(疯狂)→棒子很疯狂→枪弹齐发 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:54
barricade v. 阻碍 (to block off with a barricade)
(反)barricade ◆ permit passage 阻碍 ◆ 允许通过
(记)bar 栅栏,障碍
barter [5bB:tE] n. 物物交换(to trade by exchanging one commodity for another)
(类)jog·exercise=barter·trade 慢跑·运动=以物易物·交易
correspond·letters=barter·commodities 通信·信=以物易物·商品
(记)barter 谐音:巴特尔 著名篮球运动员 联想:巴特尔被交换到NBA
base [beIs] adj. 卑鄙的,低级的(lacking of higher qualities of mind or spirit)
(同)virtuous 品德高尚的 noble 高贵的 sublime 崇高的 patrician 贵族的
baseboard [`beIsbR:d] n. 护壁板,脚板(a molding covering the joint of a wall)
(类)veneer·furniture=baseboard·wall 木片·家具=护壁板·墙 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:54
batch [bAtF] n. 一炉、一批一次烘烤出来的数量(an amount produced at one baking)
(类)batch·cookie 一炉·甜饼 不确定答案compound·element化合物·元素
(例)a batch of cookies. 一炉小甜饼
belie [bI5laI] v. 掩饰,证明为假(to show something to be false or wrong)
(反)belie◆affirm/ confirm/ show to be correct 证明为假◆确认/ 证明为真
(记)lie 谎言 两个方面联想:1. 不承认是谎言→掩饰 2. 想证明其是谎言→证伪
bellicose [5belIkEJs] adj. 好战的,好斗的(inclined to start quarrels or wars)
(类)imperious·servile=bellicose·peaceable 傲慢的·卑屈的=好战的·和平的
(反)bellicose◆appeasing 和平的/ inclined to make pease 和平的/ conciliatory 调和的
(记)bell(=war 战争)→好战的 参考:rebel/ rebellion(叛乱)
benign [bI5naIn] adj.(病)良性的, 仁慈的(showing kindness and gentleness)
(反)benignant◆vicious 仁慈的◆恶毒的
(记)ben(=bene好)→仁慈的
bent [bent] n. 倾向, 爱好(a strong inclination or interest:bias)
(反)bent ◆ ineptitude 倾向 ◆ 不称职
(记)由bend 弯 引申而来 联想:弯腰本身表示一种倾向
bequest [bI5kwest] n. 遗产,遗赠 (something bequeathed:legacy)
(类)heirloom·ancestor=bequest·testator 传家宝·祖先=遗产·立遗嘱的人
(记)be(被)+ quest(寻求)联想:被寻求的东西→遗产
berate [bI5reIt] v. 严责(to scold or condemn vehemently and at length)
(反)commend/ praise 称赞
(记)rate 除了比率,估价外,还有责骂的意思。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:54
beseech [bI5si:tF] v. 祈求,恳求(to request earnestly·implore)
(类)supplicant·beseeching=coquette·flirtatious 恳求者·恳求=轻浮的人·轻浮的
(记)be+seech(=seek寻求)→寻求→恳求
besmirch [bI5sm\:tF] v. 诽谤,玷污(sully,soil)
(反)besmirch ◆ honor 诽谤 ◆ 尊敬
(记)smirch n. 污迹 v. 弄脏
bibliography n. 参考书目(a list of the works)
(类)list·bibliography=painting·portrait 目录·书目=画·肖象画(种属)
(记)biblio(书) 参考:bibliophile 藏书家
bibliophile [`bIblIEJfaIl] n. 爱书者,藏书家(a lover of books)
(类)bibliophile·books=gourmet·food 藏书家·书籍=美食家·食物
(记)biblio(书)+phile(爱)→爱书者
bifurcate v. 使分离(to cause to divide into two branches or parts)
(反)bifurcate◆validate/ coalesce 使分离◆使坚固/ 接合
(记)bi(两)+furc(fork叉)→分离。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:55
bigot [5bI^Et] n. 盲信者,狭隘者(a person obstinately devoted to his own opinions)
(类)bigot·tolerance=turncoat·constancy 狭隘者·容忍=背叛者·一致性(前缺乏后)
bigot·tolerance=liar·honesty 狭隘者·容忍=说谎者·诚实(前缺乏后)
bigot·dedication=rage·anger 盲信者·奉献=狂怒者·愤怒(程度)
bigoted·advice=conservative·change 顽固的·忠告=保守的·变迁(前者拒绝后者)
posturer·unaffected=bigot·tolerant 装模作样者·不矫饰的=狭隘者·宽容的
bigot·tolerant=provincial·cosmopolitan 狭隘者·宽容的=乡下人·城市的
(同)enthusiast, bug, fanatic, fiend, maniac, zealot
(记)bigot(=by god 上帝作证)联想:什么事情都要让上帝作证→盲信者
bit [bIt] n. 钻头(the jaws of tongs or pincers)
(类)bit·drill=blade·razor 钻头是钻的作用部分=刀刃是刮胡刀的作用部分
blithe [blaIT] adj. 愉快的(of a happy lighthearted character or disposition)
(反)blithe◆grave 愉快的◆沉重的
blueprint n. 蓝图,设计图,计划(a detailed plan or program of action)
(类)wood· carpenter=blueprint· architect 木头·木匠(设计图·建筑师人物及其工作对象)
(记)blue + print 印
blunder [5blQndE] n.大错(a gross error or mistake)v. 犯大错
(类)protocol·blunder=bumper·damage 礼节防止犯大错=保险杆防止损坏
【注:bumper:保险杠a usually metal bar at either end of an automobile】
(同)boner, bungle, lapse, mistake, slip
(记)和plunder(抢劫)一起记。抢劫是大错。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:55
blunt [blQnt] vt. 使变钝(to make less sharp or definite)
(类)attenuation·strength=bluntness·sharpness 使浓度变稀薄=使锐利的变迟钝]
(反)blunt◆whet 使变钝◆磨快
(同)disedge, obtund, dull
blur [blE:] v. 使模糊(to make indistinct and hazy in outline or appearance;obscure)
(类)blur·definition=subjugate·independence 使模糊以消除清晰度=使屈服以消除独立性
(同)besmirch, discolor, smudge, stain, tarnish
blurb [bl\:b] n. 简短的公告a short publicity notice (as on a book jacket)
(类)blurb·notice=gloss·explanation=cameo·appearance
简短公告·公告=简短解释·解释=简短表演·表演(前者是后者的简化版)
【注:gloss· a brief explanation ;cameo:Broadly:any brief appearance】
blurt [bl\:t] vt. 突然说出,冲动的说出(to utter abruptly and impulsively, usually used with out)
(类)flit·move=blurt·utter 迅速飞过·移动=突然说出·出声(快·正常)
(同)exclaim, ejaculate 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:55
blush [blQF] v. n. 脸红(a reddening of the face especially from shame, modesty, or confusion)
(类)blush·embarrassment=smile·pleasure 因困窘而脸红=因高兴而微笑
bluster [5blQstE] v.吵闹;狂妄自大地说或做(to be windy and boisterous)
(类)blustering·speak=swaggering·walk 狂妄的说话·说话=大摇大摆的走路·走路(种属)
bluster·loud=pontificate·pompous=drawl·slow= prate·aimless
吵闹·高声的=装模做样地说话·华而不实的=懒洋洋的说话·缓慢的=闲聊·无目的的
(同)roar, bawl,bellow, clamor, rout
boast [bEust] n. v. 自夸(the act or an instance of boasting)
(同)blowhard·boastful=toady·obsequious 吹牛的人·自夸的=拍马屁的人·谄媚的
boast·pride=complain·discontent 夸耀·骄傲=抱怨·不满(前者表达后者)
bodyguard [5bRdI^B:d] n. 警卫(a usually armed attendant whose duty is to protect a person)
(类)bodyguard·person=soldier·country 警卫保护人=士兵保卫国家
(记)body(身体)+guard(受到保护)→ 警卫
boggle v. 因为怀疑,恐惧而犹豫(to hesitate because of doubt, fear, or scruples)
(类)boggle ◆ embolden 犹豫 ◆ 使大胆
(同)balk, demur, scruple, stumble
bracket [5brAkIt] n. 支架, 托架
(类)buttress·wall=bracket·shelf 扶壁用来支持墙壁=支架用来支撑架子
braid [breId] v.编织(made by intertwining three or more strands)
(类)grooved·striated=braided·stranded 开槽的·有条纹的=编织成的·梳成辫子的(同义)
brake [breIk] n.刹车(to retard or stop by a brake)
(类)divert·shunt=retard·brake 转移·使转轨=减速·刹车(行为及其特定目的)
brake·decelerate=clamp·compression 刹车·减速=夹钳·压缩(行为及其后果)
【注:clamp :Any of various devices used to join, grip, support, or compress mechanical or
structural parts. 某种设备用来连接、抓住、支持或压缩结构性的部件】
(同)hinder, bar, block, impede, obstruct
brash [brAF] adj 轻率的,仓促的(done in haste without regard for consequences)
(类)frivolous·gravity=brash·discretion 琐碎的·重大=轻率的·慎重周到
candor·subterfuge=brash·deliberate 坦白·托词=仓促的·深思熟虑的
(同)rash, hasty, incautious, inconsiderate, reckless, thoughtless 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:56
bravado [ brE5vB:dEu ] n, 假装勇敢,虚张声势
(类)courageous·bravado=complimentary·fulsomeness
勇敢的·虚张声势=称赞的·不真诚的称赞(褒贬)
【注:fulsome:offensively flattering or insincere. 令人不快地恭维的或不真诚的
例:He was too fulsome in his praise. 他的赞美太虚假。】
bravura [brE5vJErE] n. 出色的表演(a show of daring or brilliance)
(类)bravura·performance=resplendent·appearance 出色的表演·表演=华丽的外表·外表 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:56
burgeon [5b\:dVEn] v. 萌芽(to send forth new growth);迅速成长(to grow rapidly)
(类)grow·burgeon=beat·palpitate 成长·生长=跳动·跳动(同义)
(反)wither,subside,subdue,wane,waste away 衰退
(同)increase, augment, expand, heighten, multiply,
(记)bur(谐音:播)+ geon(=germ 种子,萌芽,细菌)→播种子→萌芽,迅速生长
参考:the germ of a project. 计划的雏形 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:57
burlesque [b\:5lesk] n. 讽刺的嘲笑(mockery usually by caricature)滑稽戏
(类)diatribe·abuse=burlesque·mockery 恶骂·辱骂=讽刺的嘲笑·嘲笑(同义)
doggerel·verse=burlesque·play 打油诗·诗=滑稽的戏剧·戏剧(种属)
burra[ wool ] 源自 burra[ 模糊的
burnish [5b\:nIF] v. 擦亮,磨光(to make shiny or lustrous especially by rubbing)
(类)numb·insensible=burnish·lustrous 失去知觉·无知觉的=磨光·有光泽的
burnish·dull=mar·flawless 磨光·暗淡的=损坏·无缺点的(前者消除后者)
(记)burn(烧)+ish → 烧热了会发亮
(同)polish, furbish, gloss, rub, shine
burrow [5bQrEJ] n. (兔子等)动物所掘的洞(hole)
(类)ditch·canyon=burrow·cavern 沟·峡谷=地洞·大洞(程度)
(记)bu(谐音:扒)+ row(排)→一排一排的扒→兔子扒的洞
byline [6bai7lain] n. 标题下的署名
(类)article·byline=movie·credits 文章·作者署名=电影·演员署名
【注:credits:recognition by name of a person contributing to a performance as a film】
(记)by(=bi 第二)+line(行)→ 第二行写人名
byzantine [bi5zAntain] n. 诡计多端的(characterized by a devious manner of operation)
(反)byzantine ◆ straightforward 诡计多端的 ◆ 坦率的
(记)byzantine(拜占庭)→拜占庭人诡计多端
cabal [kE5bAl] n. 阴谋小集团(small group secretly united to promote their own interests)
(类)cast·actor=cabal·conspirator 剧团·演员=阴谋集团·阴谋家(组成)
cabal·association=plot·plan 阴谋小集团·协会=阴谋·计划(秘密与正常)
cabal·association=spat·quarrel 阴谋小集团·协会=小争吵·吵架(小与正常)
(同)plot , conspiracy, intrigue, machination, scheme 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:57
cache [kAF] n.隐藏处所(a hiding place used especially for storing provisions)
(类)cache·hoard=summit·inaccessible 隐藏处·储藏=顶峰·难以接近(后者是前者的特点)
(记)cache(电脑缓存)电脑缓存专门储藏信息
cajole [kE5dVEJl] v.哄骗(to persuade with flattery especially when reluctance)
(类)blandishment·cajole=obstacle·impede 甜言蜜语·哄骗=障碍·阻止(同义)
wheedle·cajolery=extort·coercion 用甜言蜜语骗·诱骗=敲诈·强迫 (同义)
(同)coax, blandish, blarney, wheedle 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:57
calcify [5kAlsIfaI] vi. 钙化(to make inflexible or unchangeable)
(类)calcium·mineral=sugar·carbohydrate 钙·矿物质=糖·碳水化合物 (种属)
calcify ◆ make malleable /make pliant/ make more flexible 使钙化 ◆ 使柔顺,灵活
(记)calc(钙)+ify(化)→钙化
calligraphy [kE5lI^rEfI] n. 书法(artistic, stylized, or elegant handwriting or lettering)
(类)calligraphy·scribble=sonnet·doggerel 书法·乱写=十四行诗·打油诗 (正常·乱)
(记)cali(=kalli 美丽)+graphy
camaraderie [kAmE5rAdErI] n. 友情(a spirit of friendly good-fellowship)
(反)camaraderie ◆ enmity 友情 ◆ 敌意
(记)来自camarade 同志
cameo [5kAmIEJ] n. 小雕塑,特写
(类)peccadillo·offense=cameo·sculpture 轻罪·犯罪=小雕塑·雕塑(小·正常)
camouflage [5kAmEflB:V] n. 伪装(behavior or artifice designed to deceive or hide)
(类)camouflage·deception=flattery·ingratiating 伪装为了欺骗=奉承为了逢迎
malinger·duty=camouflage·detection 装病以逃避工作责任=伪装防止被发现
canvas [5kAnvEs] n. 帆布,画布(a piece of cloth framed as a surface for a painting)
(类)canvas·painter=marble·sculptor 画布·油画家=大理石·雕塑家(前是后的工作用具)
easel·canvas=tripod·camera 画架支撑画布=三角架支撑照相机(前者支撑后者)
carouse [kE5raJz] vi. 畅饮,狂欢作乐(to drink liquor deeply or freely )
(类)roisterer·carouse=recluse·withdraw 喝酒喧哗者·畅饮=隐士·隐退
(记)中间加h变成car+house;车房俱备,值得狂欢庆祝一下。
carp [kB:p] n.鲤鱼 vi. 吹毛求疵,挑剔(to find fault or complain querulously)
(类)caviler·carping=libertine·licentious 吹毛求疵者·吹毛求疵的=浪荡者·放肆的
complain·carp=drink·guzzle 抱怨·吹毛求疵=喝·狂饮 (程度对比)
(同)nag, fuss, henpeck
(记)carp原义鲤鱼。鲤鱼刺多,吃的时候要多多挑刺。引申为挑剔。
carpentry [ 5kB:pintri ] n. 木工
(类)trade·carpentry=clothing·outfit 职业·木工=服装·整套服装(种属)
【注:trade :an occupation, especially one requiring skilled labor: 职业,尤指需要技术的】
【注:outfit:a set of clothing, often with accessories.】
(例)The football team were wearing orange outfits.
这个足球队的队员穿着清一色的橘黄色运动服。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:58
cartographer [kB:5tR^rEfE] n. 地图绘制者(one that makes maps)
(类)cartographer·map=tailor·clothing=lexicographer·dictionary
绘制地图者·地图=裁缝·衣服=词典编纂者·词典 (后者是前者的工作对象)
(记)cart(图表)+graph(写)+er(人)→画地图的人
carve [kB:v] v. 切(to cut into pieces or slices)雕刻(to shape by cutting)
(类)carve·turkey=slice·cake 切火鸡=切蛋糕
cast [kAst] n. 演员,演员阵容 vt. 选派(演员)
(类)appoint·official=cast·actor 任命·官员=选派·演员(动作及其相关对象)
letter·signature=playbill·cast 信·签名=节目单·演员阵容(后者是前者的一部分)
caveat [5kAvIAt] n.警告; 告诫(a warning enjoining one from certain acts)
(类)overture/preamble·introductory=caveat·warning/ cautionary
序曲·介绍性的=告诫·警告的
(同)warning, caution, forewarning, monition
cavern [5kAvEn] n. 大洞,洞窟 (one cave of large or indefinite extent)
(类)cavern·spelunker=ocean·diver 洞穴· 探洞者=海洋·潜水者(后探索前)
cavern·spelunker=star·astronomer 洞穴· 探洞者=星·天文学家(后研究前)
(记)来自cave
(同)cave, grotto, subterranean 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:59
cavil [5kAvIl] v.挑剔,吹毛求疵(to raise trivial and frivolous objection)
(类)cavil·criticize=probe·investigate 吹毛求疵·批评=仔细探察·调查(程度)
nitpick·criticize=cavil·object 吹毛求疵·批评=吹毛求疵·反对(程度)
caviler·carping=libertine·licentious 吹毛求疵者·吹毛求疵的=浪荡子·放肆的
faultfinding·criticize=quibble·cavil 挑毛病:批评=挑剔:吹毛求疵(同义)
encomiast·eulogize=nitpicker·criticize=preacher·sermon=quibbler·cavil
赞美者·赞颂=吹毛求疵的人·批评=传教士·传道=挑剔者·吹毛求疵
【注:quibble:v. 1.to evade the point of an argument by caviling about words 2.cavil,carp】
cavort [kE5vC:t] vi. 欢跃(to walk or move in a spirited manner)
(类)dodder·unsteady=cavort·sprightly 摇摆的不稳定=欢跃的很轻快
(反)cavort ◆ trudge 欢跃 ◆ 艰苦跋涉
(同)gambol, caper, frisk, frolic, rollick
cede [si:d] vt. 放弃(to yield or grant typically by treaty)
(反)cede ◆ possess 放弃 ◆ 拥有
(同)relinquish, abandon, resign, surrender, waive, yield 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:59
celebrity [sI5lebrItI] n. 名人(a celebrated person)
(反)celebrity ◆ obscurity 名人 ◆ 无名小辈(one that is obscure)
(记)celeb(名人)参考:celebrated 著名的
cement [sI5ment] n.水泥 v. 巩固(to unite or make firm by or as if by cement)
(反)cement ◆ fracture 巩固 ◆ 破裂
(记)水泥过去被称为音译为水门汀。
censor [5sensE] vt. 审查(to examine to suppress anything considered objectionable)
(类)censorship·communication/information=preservative·decay=sanitation·disease
审查·信息 =防腐剂·腐烂=公共卫生·疾病 (前者防止后者)
vendor·purvey=censor·expurgate 卖主·供应=审查员·删除(人物的典型动作)
(同)expurgate, screen
chagrin [FE5^ri:n] n . 懊恼(distress of mind caused by humiliation, disappointment, or failure)
(类)chagrin·mind=grimace·face 懊恼·情绪=痛苦的表情·脸(行为及其产生部位)
(反)elated 兴高采烈的 cheerful 高兴的 proud satisfaction 非常满足 delight 快乐
chameleon [kE5mi:lIEn] n. 变色龙,善变的人
(类)salmon·ichthyologist=chameleon·herpetologist 鲑鱼·鱼类学家=变色龙·爬虫学家
charade [FE5reId] n. 看手势猜字谜游戏;装模作样
(类)charade·word=mime·story 用手势表示的字谜·字=哑剧·故事(前者用后者来表达)
charade·dissimulate=void·emptiness 装模作样·假装=空洞·空(同义)
charlatan [5FB:lEtEn] n. 江湖郎中(pretender to knowledge)骗子(quack)
(类)juggernaut·crush=charlatan·deceive 压倒一切的力量·压服=骗子·行骗
(例)the medical establishment called him a charlatan 医疗界把他叫做江湖郎中。
(记)谐音:杀了他。联想:对骗子恨不得杀了他。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:59
check [tFek] n. 阻止(to block the progress of)
(类)jolt·move=check·stop 晃动·移动=阻止·停止(同义)
(反)propagate 传播 goad 唆使 hasten 促进
(同)arrest, buck, foil, thwart, frustrate 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 07:59
chef [Fef] n. 厨师(a skilled cook who manages the kitchen)
(类)author·novel=chef·banquet 作家·小说=厨师·宴会(后者是前者的工作作品)
chef·kitchen=chemist·laboratory 厨师·厨房=化学家·实验室(后者是前者的工作场所)
(记)chef 谐音车夫。联想:车夫和厨师都是有技术的劳动人民。
cherubic [ tFe5ru:bik ] adj. 天使的,可爱的(innocent-looking usually chubby and rosy)
(反)cherubic ◆ somber 天使般可爱的>阴郁的
(记)cherub(小天使)+ic→天使的,可爱的
chevron [5FevrEn] n. v形臂章
(类)chevron·badge=caisson·cart v形臂章·徽章=载炮车·大车(种属)
chiaroscuro [kIB:rE5skJErEJ] n. 明暗对照法
(类)chiaroscuro·contrast=filigree·delicacy 明暗对照法特点是对照=金银丝工艺特点是精美
cineast [`sInIAst] n. 电影迷(a film or movie enthusiast)
(类)cineast·film=gourmand·food 电影迷·电影=美食家·食物(前者追求后者)
(干扰:sharpshooter·target 射手·目标)
(记)和cinema(电影)一起记。
cipher [5saIfE(r)] n. 密码(a method of transforming a text to conceal its meaning)
(类)cipher·cryptic=precis·concise 密码·秘密的=大纲·简要的
(记)参考:decipher 破译
circuitous [s\:5kjJItEs] adj. 迂回的(not being forthright or direct in language or action)
(类)immaterial·relevance=circuitous·directness 不重要的·重要=迂回的·直接(反义)
circuitous·directness=irresolute·decision 迂回的·直接=犹豫不决的·决定(反义)
(反)circuity ◆ straightforwardness 迂回 ◆ 坦率
(同)indirect, circular, oblique, roundabout 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:00
circular [5s\:kjJlE] adj. 圆形的(having the form of a circle;round)
(类)circular·asymmetrical=protean·rigid 圆形的:不均匀的=多变的:刻板的 (反义)
circumference [s\:5kQmfErEns] n. 圆周(the perimeter of a circle)
(类)circumference·circle=perimeter·rectangle 圆周·圆=周界·矩形 (图形及其边界)
border·country=circumference·circle 国界·国家=圆周·圆(事物及其边界)
claim [kleIm] n. v. 要求 n. 权利(a right to something)
(类)claim·legitimated=hypothesis·confirmed 要求是需要合法化的=假设是需要证实的
lien·claim=subpoena·command 扣押权是一项权利=传票是一种命令
(反)claim ◆ renounce 要求 ◆ 放弃
cliche [kli:5Fei] adj. 陈腐的 a trite phrase or expression
(类)hodgepodge·uniformity=cliche·original 混合物·一致=陈腐的·原创 (反义)
equivocate·misleading=cliched·hackneyed
模棱两可的:易误解的=陈腐的:陈腐的(同义)
(例)compositions are often marred by such cliches as "strong as an ox."
文章经常被诸如“强壮如牛”这样的陈腐的表达方式破坏。
clique [kli:k] n. 小团体(a narrow exclusive circle or group of persons)
(类)clique·intimates=flock·sheep 小团体·密友=羊群·羊 (组成)
(同)cabal, camp, clan, coterie, mafia 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:00
clog [klR^] n. 障碍, 阻塞 something that shackles or impedes
(类)clog·drainage=stalemate·negotiations 阻塞·排泄=僵局·谈判 (后者消除前者)
(同)encumbrance, hindrance, impedance, impediment
clot [klRt] n. 凝块,群 v.(使)凝结(a coagulated mass produced by clotting of blood)
(类)clot·dissolved=crowd·dispersed 凝块·溶解的=人群·散开的 (后者由前者发生)
solvent·dissolve=coagulant·clot 溶剂·溶解=凝结剂·凝结 (物品作用)
freeze·water=clot·blood 使结冰·水=使凝结·血 (后者为前者动作对象)
cloudburst [5klaJdb\:st] n. 倾盆大雨 a sudden copious rainfall
(类)gust·wind=cloudburst·rainfall 狂风·风=倾盆大雨·雨
(记)cloud(云)+burst(爆炸)→要下大雨了
clout [klaJt] n. 权力,影响力(great influence,especially political or social)
(反)impuissance 无权,无能 impotence 无力,衰弱
(记)来自cloth;工业革命时期,布匹的生产中心具有最高的影响力,如曼彻斯特
(例)All the evidence showed that Russia does not have that kind of clout in the Far East any more
所有证据都表明在远东地区俄罗斯不再具有那样的影响
cloying [`klRIIN] adj. 甜得发腻的(excessively sweet or sentimental )
(类)garrulous·talkative=cloying·sweet 饶舌的·健谈的=甜得发腻的·甜的(过度·正常)
coerce [kEJ5\:s] vt. 强制, 强迫(to bring about by force or threat)
(类)wheedle·cajolery=extort·coercion 用甜言蜜语骗·诱骗=强取·强迫 (同义)
squander·expend=coercion·intimidate 浪费·花费=威压·胁迫(过分与正常)
(反)voluntary ◆ coercion 自愿的 ◆ 强迫的 (use of force to get someone to object)
(同)force, compel, concuss, constrain, oblige
(记)co 共同 erce 谐音:饿死→共同饿死→因为被强制
coeval [kEJ5i:vl] adj. 同时代的(of the same or equal age, antiquity, or duration) (类)congruent·dimension=coeval·age 全等的·尺寸=同时代的·时代
(记)co(共同)+eval(时代)→ 同时代 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:01
cogent [5kEJdVEnt] adj. 使人信服的(appealing forcibly to the mind or reason)
(类)cogent·convince=repugnant·repel
有说服力的·令人信服的=让人讨厌的·令人厌恶的(同义)
(反)cogent ◆ unconvincing 有说服力的 ◆ 不令人信服的
(同)valid, convincing, satisfying, sound
cognizant [5kR^nIzEnt] adj. 认知的(knowledgeable of something through personal experience)
(类)incognizance·knowledgeable=penury·wealthy 不认知的·有知识的=穷困·富裕的
(反)cognizant ◆ oblivious/ unaware 认知的 ◆ 遗忘的
(记)cogn(知道)+izant→认知的
(同)aware, apprehensive, conscious, sensible, sentient
colander [5kQlEndE] n. 滤器(a perforated utensil for washing or draining food)
(类)centrifuge·separate=colander·drain 离心分离机·分离=漏勺·排水(物品及其作用)
collapse [kE5lAps] vi. 倒塌(to fall or shrink together abruptly and completely)
(类)collapse·implode=divide·sunder 倒塌·向内倒塌=分开·切开(因果关系)
collapse·volume=attenuate·thickness 减弱音量=削薄厚度
(记)col(全部)+lapse(倒)→倒塌
(同)break, cave, crumple, yield 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:01
colonnade [kRlE5neId] n. 柱廊(a series of columns set at regular intervals and usually supporting the base of a roof structure)
(类)colonnade·pillar=queue·person 柱廊·柱子=队列·人员(事物及其链状排列)
colossal [kE5lRsl] adj. 巨大的(of a bulk, extent, power, or effect approaching or suggesting the stupendous or incredible)
(类)antediluvian·age=colossal·size 古老的·年龄=巨大的·尺寸 (事物及其修饰)
colossus·figurine=boulder·pebble 巨像·小雕像=大石头·小石头(大·小)
(同)huge, elephantine, gargantuan, gigantic, titanic, vast
coma [5kEJmE] n. 昏迷(a state of profound unconsciousness)
(类)coma·unconsciousness=delirium·confusion 昏迷·无意识=精神错乱·混乱(种属)
(同)faint, blackout, swoon, syncope
combustible [kEm5bQstIbl] adj. 易燃的(capable of combustion)
(类)impervious·friable=nonflammable·combustible
不会受损害的·脆弱的=不可燃的·易燃的
(记)com+bust(烧)→易燃的
comely [5kQmlI] n. 美丽的(having a pleasing appearance:not homely or plain)
(反)comeliness ◆ unattractiveness 美丽的 ◆ 不吸引人的
(同)beautiful, attractive, bonny, pretty, pulchritudinous
(记)与homely比较 联想:媳妇都是别人的好:家里的人是平凡的;外来的是美丽的
comity [5kRmItI] n. 礼让, 礼仪(friendly social atmosphere·social harmony)
(反)comity ◆ enmity 礼仪 ◆ 敌意
(同)goodwill, amity, benevolence, friendliness, kindliness
commencement [5kE5mensmEnt] n. 开始 (an act, instance, or time of beginning)
(反)cessation ◆ commencement 停止 ◆ 开始
cease ◆ inaugurate/commencement 停止 ◆ 开辟/开始
(同)beginning, alpha, dawning, genesis, outset, 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:01
commencement [5kE5mensmEnt] n. 开始,毕业典礼(the ceremonies for conferring degrees)
(反)commencement ◆ matriculation 毕业典礼 ◆ 入学考试
(记)美国人认为毕业典礼是一个人即将开始新的人生,与我们的思维“学业结束”不一样
commercial [kE5m\:Fl] n. 商业广告(an advertisement broadcast on radio or television)
(类)advertising·commercial=publishing·journal
广告的·广告=出版的·定期出版物(种属) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:01
commingle [kC5miN^l] v. 混合(to combine into a common fund or stock)
(反)commingle ◆ separate 混合 ◆ 分离
(同)mix, commix, compound, intermingle, mingle
commitment [kE5mItmEnt] n. 许诺,义务(an engagement to assume a financial obligation)
(类)crime·misdemeanor=commitment·decision
罪行·轻罪=许诺·决定(程度关系)
dilettante·commitment=nonentity·consequence
业余爱好者·义务=无足轻重者·重要性
disaffected·contentment=dubious·commitment/ conviction
不满的·满意=不确定的·义务/ 确信(反义)
(反)ambivalent ◆ commitment 不定的 ◆ 确定的
noncommittal ◆ confirm 不定的 ◆ 确定
compendium [kEm5pendIEm] n. 纲要(a brief summary of a larger work)
(类)compendium·summary=anthology·collection
纲要·摘要=文选·选集(种属)
encyclopedia·compendious=abstract·concise
百科全书·摘要的=摘要·简短的(事物典型特征)
【注:干扰选项:assay·objective 化验·客观的】
(同)digest, pandect, sketch, survey, syllabus 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:02
complacency [kEm5pleIsEnsI] n. 满足(self-satisfaction)
(反)complacency ◆ anxiety 满足 ◆ 渴望(但无法满足)
(记)com(自己)+ place(满意)→满足了
(同)conceitedness, consequence, narcissism, pride
complaisance [kEm5pleIzEns] n. 彬彬有礼,柔顺(disposition to please or comply;affability)(类)(类)complaisance·intractable=adeptness·maladroit 柔顺·难处理的=熟练·笨拙的
(反)complaisance ◆ obstinacy 柔顺 ◆ 固执
complaisance ◆ churlishness 彬彬有礼 ◆ 粗野
compliant [kEm5plaIEnt] adj. 顺从的(ready or disposed to comply;submissive)
(类)compliant·servile=trusting·gullible 顺从的·奴性的=信赖的·轻信的(褒贬程度)
obsequious·fawn=compliant·yield 奉承的·奉承=顺从的·顺从(形容词和动词同义)
(记)com+pliant(柔顺)→顺从
compliment [5kRmplIment] vt. 称赞expressing or containing a compliment
(类)apologize·contrite=compliment·impressed 因为后悔而道歉=因为有好印象而称赞
compliment·flattery=deference·subservience 赞美·谄媚=顺从·屈从(褒贬)
(反)vituperative ◆ complimentary 责骂的 ◆ 称赞的
(同)complacence, conceitedness, consequence, narcissism, pride 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:02
comply [kEm5plaI] vi. 顺从,答应(to conform or adapt one's actions to another's wishes, to a rule, or to necessity)
(类)mandatory·comply=forbidden·abstain 强制的·答应=禁止的·禁绝(主被动关系)
(同)obey, conform, follow, keep, mind, observe
compress [kEm5pres] vt. 压缩(to reduce in size or volume as if by squeezing)
(类)constrict·diameter=compress·size 收缩·直径 = 压缩 ·尺寸(减少关系)
(反)increase in volume 数量增加 distention 膨胀 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:02
compromise [5kRmprEmaIz] n. 妥协,折衷(to come to agreement by mutual concession)
(类)mediation·compromise=prosecution·conviction 调停·折衷=起诉·定罪(目的关系)
implacable·compromise=honest·swindle 不缓和的·妥协=诚实的·诈骗
(反)intransigent ◆ open to compromise 顽固的 ◆ 乐于妥协
polemical ◆ compromising 好争论的 ◆ 妥协的
temporize ◆ unwilling to compromise 见风使舵 ◆ 不愿意妥协
(记)com(互相)+promise(承诺)→互相承诺→妥协
compunction [kEm5pQNkFEn] n. 后悔(anxiety arising from awareness of guilt)
(反)compunction ◆ absence of misgiving 后悔 ◆ 没有疑虑
(记)com+punc(刺)→不断被刺痛→后悔
concatenate [kEn5kAtIneIt] v. 连结(to link together in a series or chain;articulate)
(反)concatenate ◆ separate 连结 ◆ 分开
concave adj. 凹的(hollowed or rounded inward like the inside of a bowl)
(类)scoop·concave=spatula·flat 勺子·凹的=瓦刀·平的
(记)cave n. 洞穴 v. 凹陷 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:02
conceal v. 隐藏(to prevent disclosure or recognition of)
(反)unearth ◆ conceal 挖出 ◆ 隐藏
(同)hide,bury, cache, cover
concede [kEn5si:d] v. 承认(to grant as a right or privilege)
(反)concede ◆ refuse to grant 承认 ◆ 拒绝承认
concession ◆ aggress 让步 ◆ 侵犯
(同)admit, acknowledge, avow, confess, grant
concentrate [5kRnsEntreIt] v. 集中(focus),浓缩(to make less dilute)
(反)concentrate ◆ dilute solution 浓缩 ◆ 稀释溶液
deploy ◆ concentrate 展开 ◆ 集中
(记)con(共同)+centra(中心)→一起到中心来→集中
condole [kEn5dEJl] vi. 表达同情或悲伤(to express sympathetic sorrow)
(类)condolence·sympathy/compassion=gibe·derision 表示同情·同情=嘲笑·嘲笑
(记)con(一样)+dole(悲哀)→一样悲哀→表达同情 参考:doleful / dolesome悲哀的
区别:condole 不及物:表达慰问之情 I condoled with him in his loss. 我对他的损失表示同情
console 及物:安慰,慰问某人console a friend in grief 安慰一个正处悲伤的朋友
conjecture [kEn5dVektFE] n./ v.推测,猜测(inference from defective or presumptive evidence)
(反)conjecture ◆ restrain from the speculation 推测 ◆ 不准猜测
conjecture ◆ fact 猜测 ◆ 事实
(记)con+ject(推,抛)→全部推测 参考:project设计,方案,作业;发射
(同)guess, presume, pretend, suppose, surmise, think 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:03
connive [kE5naIv] vi. 暗中合作, 密谋(to cooperate secretly or have a secret understanding)
(类)connive·cooperate=pry·watch 暗中合作·合作=窥探·注视(秘密与正常)
uncouth·churl=conspiratorial·conniver 粗俗的·粗野的人=阴谋的·阴谋家(正面特征)
(同)plot, cogitate, collude, conspire, machinate,
connoisseur [kRnE5s\:] n. 鉴赏家 (expert who is competent to act as a critical judge)
(类)connoisseur·art=gourmet·cuisine
鉴识家·艺术=美食家·烹饪(人及其鉴赏对象)
selflessness·altruist=expertise·connoisseur
无私·利他主义者=专门技术·鉴赏家(正面特征)
【注】expertise :skill or knowledge in a particular area
(同)aesthete, cognoscente, dilettante
conquest [5kRnkwest] n. 征服(the act or process of conquering)
(类)inexorable·dissuasion=indomitable·conquest 不为所动的无法劝阻=不屈服的无法征服
【注】inexorable :not capable of being persuaded by entreaty 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:03
conservatory [kEn5s\:vEtrI] n.温室,音乐学院(a school specializing in one of the fine arts)
(类)conservatory·music=seminary·theology=observatory·astronomy
音乐学院·音乐=神学院·神学=天文台·天文学 (场所及其研究学科)
conserve [5kRns\:v] vt. 保存,保全 (to keep in a safe or sound state)
(反)conserve ◆ waste/squander/exhaust 保存 ◆ 浪费/ 挥霍/ 耗尽
(同)preserve , save ,maintain
constringe [kEn`strIndV] vt. 压缩(to cause to contract; constrict)
(反)commodious ◆ constringed 宽敞的 ◆ 压缩的
construct [kEn5strQkt] v. 建造(to make or form by combining or arranging parts or elements)
(类)construct·remodel=compose·edit 建造·改造=创作·修改(原创和修改)
(记)con+struct(建立)→建造
consummate [5kRnsEmeIt] adj. 完美的(complete in every detail; of the highest degree)
(反)consummate ◆ amateurish 完善的 ◆ 业余的,不专业的
(同)accomplished, finished, perfected, ripe, virtuosic 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-18 08:04
contentious [kEn5tenFEs] adj.好辩的,喜争吵的(exhibiting an often perverse tendency to quarrels)
(类)meddlesome·pry=contentious·argue 多管闲事的·探察=好争吵的·争吵
(反)contentious ◆ conciliatory 喜争吵的 ◆ 安抚的
contention ◆ agreement 争论 ◆ 同意
(记)con+tent(拉)→互相拉→争论
(同)belligerent, bellicose, combative, gladiatorial, militant, truculent
contiguous [kEn5tI^jJEs] adj. 紧邻的,接壤的(being in actual contact)
(类)contiguous·abut=simultaneous·coincide
紧邻的·毗邻=同时发生的·同时发生(形名同义)
【注】coincide :to happen at the same time or during the same period. 同时发生 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:00
contort [kEn5tC:t] v. 扭弯,曲解(to twist into a strained shape or expression)
(类)contortion·body=grimace·face 扭弯·身体=面部扭曲·脸部(行为及其相关部位)
(同)deform, distort, misshape, torture, warp
(记)参考:tortuous 蜿蜒的distort 歪曲torture 折磨
contract [5kRntrAkt] v. 收缩(to reduce to smaller size by squeezing or forcing together)
(类)contract·implode=descend·plummet 收缩·内爆=下降·快速下落(程度)
(记)con(互相)+tract(拉)→收缩
contravene [kRntrE5vi:n] v. 违反,反驳,反对(to oppose in argument:CONTRADICT)
(反)contravene ◆ support 支持 buttress 支持
(记)contra(反)→vene(走)→反着走→违反 参考:convene召集,集合
(同)violate, break, infringe, offend, transgress 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:01
contrite [5kRntraIt] adj. 后悔的,痛悔的(grieving and penitent for sin or shortcoming)
(类)apologize·contrite=compliment·impressed
道歉·后悔的=称赞·被打动的(动作表示感情)
(反)impenitent ◆ contrite 不悔悟的 ◆ 后悔的
(同)remorseful, apologetic, compunctious, penitent, regretful
control [kEn5trol] n. 在对照实验中被用作对照标准的一个或一组物体
(反)control ◆ group experimented on 对照组 ◆ 试验组
conundrum [kE5nQndrEm] n.难题(a riddle whose answer is or involves a pun)
(类)conundrum·solve=tangle·unrave l解决难题=解开混乱状态 (消除关系)
convalesce [kRnvE5les] vi. 渐渐康复,渐愈(to recover health gradually after sickness)
(类)recidivism·relapse=rehabilitation·convalesce 累犯·故态复萌=复原·渐愈(同义)
(同)recuperate, ameliorate, gain, mend,
onvention [kEn5venFEn] n. 大会,惯例(usage or custom especially in social matters)
(类)indiscretion·convention=overdose·prescription
行为不检点·规矩习俗=过量用药·药方(前者违背后者)
【注】indiscretion:an act at variance with the accepted morality of a society 行为不检点
(反)ossify ◆ transcend conventions 死板 ◆ 超越常规
(同)contract, agreement, compact, covenant, transaction
convert [5kRnv\:t] vt. 使改变信仰(to persuade or induce to adopt a particular religion, faith, or belief)
(类)veer·direction=convert·belief
转向·方向=使改变信仰·信仰(行为及其相关对象)
hunter·quarry=proselytizer·convert
猎人·狩猎=劝服改宗者·使改变信仰(人物典型行为)
proselytizer·convert=mediator·reconcile(干扰:educator·promote)
劝服改宗· 使改变信仰=调停者·调停(行为及其目的)
【注:mediate :interpose between parties in order to reconcile them】
four-poster·bed=convertible·automobile 四足床·床=敞篷车·车(种属)
(同)ransform, change, metamorphose, transmute
(例)Many Africans were converted to Christianity. 许多非洲人都改信基督教。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:03
conviction [kEn5vIkFEn] n. 深信,确信(a strong belief) n. 定罪
(类)dubious·conviction=disaffected·contentment 可疑的·确信=不满足的·满足
prosecution·conviction=mediation·compromise 起诉·定罪=调解·和解(目的)
(反)cogent ◆ unconvincing 有说服力的 ◆ 不令人信服的
(记)vict(征服);与victory一同记,深信自己一定胜利。参考:invincible
(例)Nothing could shake his conviction that she was innocent.
他深信她是无辜的,没有什么能够动摇他的这一看法。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:03
convoke [kEn5vEJk] v. 召集会议(to call together to a meeting;assemble)
(反)convoke ◆ adjourn 召集会议 ◆ 休会
(记)voke(叫喊) 参考:provoke(激起),invoke(唤起)
(例)Congress was convoked at the outbreak of the emergency.
危机出现的时候,议会立刻召集开会。
corrosive [kE5rEJsIv] adj. 腐蚀的,侵蚀的 n.腐蚀剂
(类)etch·corrosive=glue·adhesive 蚀刻·腐蚀剂=粘贴·粘合剂(前者靠后者实现)
【注】etch :to cut into the surface of (glass, for example) by the action of acid
(记)参考 erosive 腐蚀性的
corrugated adj. 满是皱纹的(wrinkled; ridged)
(反)corrugated ◆ smooth 满是皱纹的 ◆ 光滑的
(记)参考:ruga 本身是一个词:皱纹。
(例)She wished she could smooth away the wrinkles from his corrugated brow.
她希望将皱纹从额头上除掉。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:05
cosmopolitan [kRzmE5pRlItEn] adj. 世界性的(pertinent or common to the whole world)
(类)provincial·cosmopolitan=【bigot·tolerant】地方的·世界性的=狭隘者·宽容的
【注】对应不整齐,前者是反义关系,后者是反面特征
(反)insular ◆ cosmopolitan 狭隘的,孤立的 ◆ 世界性的
insularity ◆ cosmopolitanism 偏狭,孤立 ◆ 世界大同主义
(同)catholic, cosmic, ecumenical, global, planetary, worldwide
(记)参考:cosmos 宇宙
cosset [5kRsIt] v. 宠爱,娇养(to treat as a pet:coddle; pamper)
(反)cosset ◆ slight 宠爱 ◆ 轻蔑
cosseted ◆ unspoiled 宠爱的 ◆ 未宠坏的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:06
coterie [5kEJtErI] n.小团体,小圈子(group that meets socially;select circle)
(同)clique, cabal, circle, clan, mob, ring
(记)参考:cottage 小屋
countermand vt. 取消,撤销(cancel; revoke)
(类)countermand·order=revoke·license 撤销·命令=撤销·执照
(例)The general countermand the orders issued in his absence.
将军撤销了他不在时所发布的命令。
coven [5kQvEn] n. (尤指十三个)女巫的集会(an assembly or band of usually 13 witches)
(类)witch·coven=retainer·retinue 女巫·女巫的集会=家臣·随行人员(组成关系) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:13
covetous [5kQvItEs] adj. 贪婪的,渴求的(marked by extreme desire to acquire or possess)
(类)covetous·desire=prodigal·spend 贪求的·要求=浪费的·花费
paltry·covet=despicable·admire 无价值的·贪求=卑劣的·钦佩
covetous·rapacious=troubled·distraught=enthusiastic ·mania
贪心的·强夺贪婪的=不平静的·心烦意乱发狂的=热情的·极端狂热的(程度)
(同)acquisitive, desirous, grabby, grasping, greedy
(例)the covetous eye of an avid collector.一个狂热收藏家渴求的目光 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:13
cow [kaJ] v. 恐吓,威胁(to destroy the resolve or courage of)
(反)cow ◆ embolden 威胁 ◆ 使大胆
cowed ◆ undaunted 被吓倒的 ◆ 大无畏的
(同)intimidate,bluster, bully, strong-arm
cowardice [5kaJEdIs] n. 懦弱(lack of courage or resolution)
(类)cowardice·intimidate=choler·antagonize 懦弱易遭胁迫=愤怒易遭敌对
(反)cowardice ◆ pluck懦弱 ◆ 勇气
(例)A treacherous coward who betrayed his friends to save his own skin
一个背信弃义的懦夫为了自己的利益背叛了他的朋友。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:15
cower [5kaJE] vi. 畏缩,退缩(to shrink away or crouch from something that menaces) (类)cower·fear=rant·anger 畏缩·害怕=咆哮·愤怒(动作表达情感)
(反)brazenly confront 勇敢地面对 bristle发怒
(同)fawn, cringe, grovel, toady
cultivate [5kQltIveIt] v.培养,栽培(to foster the growth of)
(反)cultivate ◆ cause to wither 栽植 ◆ 使枯萎
cultivated ◆ feral 栽植的 ◆ 野生的
(记)cult(培养) 参考:culture 文化 cultured 有修养的
cumbersome [5kQmbEsEm] adj. 笨拙的,累赘的(unwieldy because of heaviness and bulk)
(反)cumbersome ◆ easy to handle 笨拙的 ◆ 容易对付的
(记)cumber (躺,障碍)recumbent 靠着的,斜倚的
curmudgeon [kE5mQdVEn] n. 脾气坏的(老)人(a crusty, ill-tempered, and usually old man)
(反)curmudgeon ◆ agreeable person 脾气坏的人 ◆ 令人愉快的人
(记)谐音"出麻疹"。联想"出麻疹让人脾气变得很坏。"
curriculum [kE5rIkjJlEm] n.课程表(a set of courses constituting an area of specialization)
(类)curriculum·course=menu·dish 课程表·课程=菜单·盘装菜
【注】manifest:cargo, agenda:meeting为干扰选项 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:29
cursory [5k\:sErI] adj.匆忙的,草率的(rapidly and often superficially performed or produced)
(反)fastidious苛求的painstakingly thorough认真的slow and thorough慢而仔细的
exam cursorily ◆ pinpoint 粗略地检查 ◆ 精确查明
(同)superficial, shallow, sketchy, uncritical
(记)cur (跑) 参考:cursive 草书的
curt [k\:t] adj. 简略的(rudely brief in speech or abrupt in manner)
(类)curt·words=parsimonious·resource 简略的·言词=节省的·资源
(同)brief, compendiary, compendious, laconic, succinct, summary
cynic [5sInIk] n. 犬儒主义者(a person who believes all people are motivated by selfishness)
(类)ingenue·sophistication=cynic·trustfulness清纯少女·世故=愤世嫉俗者·相信
【注:犬儒主义者认为人们行为的出发点是自私,因此他们对人采取怀疑的态度。】
dabbler [5dAblE] vi. 涉猎者,浅尝辙止者(one not deeply engaged in something)
(类)dabbler·dedication=martinet·leniency 浅尝辙止者·致力=严格的人·宽大
(反)dabbler ◆ specialist 浅尝辙止者 ◆ 专家
dabble ◆ dedicate/devote/specialize 浅尝辙止 ◆ 致力/投入/专门研究
(记)参考double(双);联想三心二意。三心二意的人容易浅尝辄止。
dais [ 5deiis ] n. 讲台,*台(a raised platform, as in a lecture hall, for speakers or honored guests)
(类)dais·honor=stadium·compete *台能够给客人礼遇=运动场能够竞赛
【注:honor:to regard or treat with honor or respect 礼遇;给予客人礼遇】
dally [5dAlI] vi. 闲逛,虚度时光(to waste time ;loiter)
(类)dally·times=quander·money 虚度·时间=浪费·金钱 (前者浪费后者)
(记)谐音"大理"。联想"在旅游胜地云南大理闲逛。"
debris [dE5bri:] n.碎片,残骸(the remains of something broken down or destroyed)
(类)debris·destroy=ash·burn残骸·破坏=灰烬·烧(前者由后者造成)
debunk [di:5bQNk] v. 揭穿真面目,暴露(to expose the sham or falseness of)
(反)debunk ◆ perpetuate to sham/unexposure 揭穿真面目 ◆ 永远的伪装/隐藏
(记)bunk=bank 联想:使银行的真相暴露出来。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:34
debut [5deIbju:] n.初次登场亮相 (a first public appearance)
(类)debut·career=embark·journey 初次登场是职业生涯的开始=上船是旅行的开始
(反)debut ◆ farewell performance 初次登场 ◆ 告别演出
decadence [5dekEdEns] n. 衰落,颓废(the act or process of falling into decay)
(反)decadence ◆ wholesomeness 衰落 ◆ 健康
(记)参考decade 十年;联想经济规律"经济增长十年就会进入衰退。"
decant [dI5kAnt] vt. 轻轻倒出(to pour liquor gently so as not to disturb the sediment)
(类)decantation·pour=subterfuge·deceive 倾注·灌注=托词·欺骗(后者程度强)
(记)can 罐头盒 联想"由罐头盒中轻轻倒出。"
decorum [dI5kC:rEm] n.礼仪(propriety and good taste in conduct or appearance)
(类)gaffe·decorum=miscalculation·judgment 失态·礼仪=错误的判断·裁判
(反)decorum ◆ impropriety 礼仪 ◆ 不适当
decorous ◆ mangy/unseemly 有礼貌的 ◆ 低贱的/不体面的
indecorous ◆ proper 不合礼节的 ◆ 适当的
(记)谐音:待客人 联想:待客人当然要有礼貌。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:35
decrepit [dI5krepIt] adj. 衰老的,破旧的(weakened by old age; worn out by long use)
(反)vigorous健壮的sturdy健壮的sound健康的robust健壮的hale强壮的
(同)weak, feeble, fragile, frail, infirm, insubstantial, unsound
default [dI5fC:lt] n. & v. 拖欠(failure to act in meeting financial obligations)
(类)default·pay=yield·resist 拖欠·支付=屈服·坚持(反义)
(反)default ◆ fullfill an obligation/pay one's debt 违约拖欠 ◆ 履行义务/偿还债务
denouement [deI5nu:mC:N] n.(小说的)结尾,结局
(类)joke·punch line=plot·denouement 笑话·妙语=情节·结局
【注:punch line·the statement (as in a joke) that makes the point.
就是相声或笑话中抖响包袱的那句话,和小说结局一样使悬念解开。】 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:43
demur [dI5m\:] v.表示异议,反对(to make objection ,esp. on the grounds of scruples)
(类)demur·objection=praise·approbation 提出异议·反对=赞美·嘉许
demur·qualms=waver·irresoluteness 表示异议·疑虑=踌躇·犹豫不决
(反)demur ◆ accept/accede 表示异议 ◆ 接受/同意
(同)balk, boggle, scruple,stickle, stumble
denouement [deI5nu:mC:N] n.(小说的)结尾,结局
(类)joke·punch line=plot·denouement 笑话·妙语=情节·结局
【注:punch line·the statement (as in a joke) that makes the point.
就是相声或笑话中抖响包袱的那句话,和小说结局一样使悬念解开。】 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:45
denude [dI5nu:d] v.脱去,剥蚀,剥夺(to strip of all covering or surface layers; bare)
(反)denude ◆ cover 脱去 ◆ 遮蔽
(同)strip, disrobe, unclothe, undress 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:46
despise [dI5spaIz] vt.轻视(to regard with contempt or aversion;scorn)厌恶(to hate)
(反)despise ◆ venerate 蔑视 ◆ 尊敬
(同)abhor, contemn, disdain, scorn, scout
deplete [dI5pli:t] vt. 耗尽,使衰竭(to lessen markedly in content, power, or value)
(反)enrich ◆ deplete 使富有 ◆ 耗尽
(记)plete 满 参考:complete 完成 replete 充满的
(同)bankrupt, drain, draw, exhaust, impoverish, use up
(例)an epidemic which depletes an army of manpower一场流行病耗尽了军队的有生力量。
deplore [dI5plC:] vt.深表遗憾(regret);反对(to consider deserving of deprecation)
(反)accolade/extol/laud/commend/applaud赞美
(例)Although I deplore the vulgarity of your language, I defend your right to express yourself freely.虽然我对你粗俗的言语深表遗憾,但是我维护你说话的权利。
(记)参考 Implore 恳求,哀求 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:47
deportation [di:pC:5teIFEn] n. 驱逐,放逐(the removal from a country of an alien)
(类)deportation·country=eviction·dwelling=expel·school
驱逐·国家=逐出·住处=开除·学校
(记)port 运 参考:import 进口 portable便携的 deport /comport举止,风度
depose [dI5pEJz] vt.作证(to testify to under oath or by affidavit);免职
(反)perjure ◆ depose 作伪证 ◆ 作证
(同)affirm, aver, constate, declare, predicate, protest 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 19:48
deposit [dI5pRzIt] vt.沉淀 n.沉淀,押金(to put or set down; place)
(反)deposit ◆ process of eroding 沉淀 ◆ 腐蚀过程
depravity [dI5prAvItI] n. 堕落,腐败,邪恶(a corrupt act or practice)
(类)doldrums·energy=depravity·virtue 消沉·精力=堕落·品德(前者缺乏后者)
(同)vice, corruption, immorality, wickedness
detour [dI5tJEr] vi.绕路而行(to avoid by going around ;bypass)
(类)detour·route=digress·topic 绕路而行·路线=偏题·主题
detoxification [di:7tCksifi5keiFEn] n. 解毒
(类)detoxification·poison=neutralization·acid 解毒·毒性=中和·酸性
detract [dI5trAkt] v. 减去,贬低(to take away a part ,as from value or reputation)
(反)detract ◆ extol 谴责 ◆ 赞美
(同)decry, belittle, depreciate, diminish, discount, disparage, dispraise 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 20:00
detritus [dI5traItEs] n. 废品(a product of disintegration, destruction);废墟
(反)detritus ◆ valuable product 废品 ◆ 有用的物品
diatribe [`daIEtraIb] n.抨击性演说 (a abusive denunciation ,criticism or writing )
(类)diatribe·abuse= declamation·grandiloquence 抨击·辱骂=雄辨·豪言壮语(后是前的特征)
diatribe·discourse=lullaby·song 抨击性演说·演说=摇篮曲·歌曲(种属)
(反)diatribe ◆ encomium/ laudatory piece of writing 抨击 ◆ 赞美/赞赏作品 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 20:03
didactic [dI`dAktIk] adj.教诲的、说教的(intended for instruction ;moralizing or preaching)
(类)didactic·teach=hortatory·urge=comic·amuse=fantastic·amaze(干扰:generous·liberality)
教诲的·教育=激励的·激励=喜剧的·使发笑=奇异古怪的·使惊异(目的)
(同)moral, moralizing, preachy, schoolmasterish, teachy
(例)His speech to the new freshmen was painfully didactic.
他的演说对于新人来说是一种痛苦的说教。
die [daI] v.模具
(类)die·shaping=drill·boring =reel·winding 模具·成形=钻子·钻孔=线轴·缠绕
diligent [5dIlIdVEnt] adj. 勤勉的,辛勤的(constant and earnest in effort and application)
(类)diligent·effort=malign·ill will 勤勉的·努力=有害的·恶意(名形同义)
diligence·effort=satire·lampoon 勤奋·努力=讽刺·讽刺(同义)
(反)procrastination ◆ diligence 拖拉 ◆ 勤勉
(同)asiduous, industrious, sedulous
dilute [daI5lju:t] v. 稀释(to diminish the strength, flavor, or brilliance of by admixture)
(类)dilute·concentration=slacken·tautness 稀释·浓度=松弛·紧张(动宾关系)
(记)di(=dis 分开)+lute(=wash冲洗)→冲洗达到稀释
diocesan [dBI`CsIsEn] adj. 主教管区的(a bishop having jurisdiction over a diocese)
(反)diocesan ◆ ecumenical 教区的 ◆ 全世界的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 20:10
diplomatic [dIplE5mAtIk] adj.外交的(of or engaged in diplomacy);老练的(tactful or suave)
(类)diplomatic·tact=genial·bonhomie 有策略的·机智=温和的·温和
diplomat·tact=inventor·ingenuity 外交家·机智=发明家·独创性
dire [5daIE] adj.悲惨的,阴惨的(dismal,oppressive);可怕的
(反)dire ◆ pleasant悲惨的 ◆ 快乐的
dirge [d\:dV] n. 挽歌(a song or hymn of grief or lamentation)
(类)dirge·music=elegy·poetry 挽歌·音乐=悲歌·诗情(种属)
dirge·grief=paean·praise 挽歌·忧伤=赞美歌·赞美
disabuse [dIsE5bju:z] v.使省悟,纠正 (to free from error, fallacy, or misconception)
(类)disabuse·fallacy/misconception=cure·diseaser=rehabilitate·addiction=loose·confinement
纠正·错误/误解=治疗·疾病=使复原·沉溺=放松·限制(前者消除后者)
(反)disabuse ◆ lead into error/ mislead 纠正 ◆ 导致错误/误导 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 20:13
discord [5dIskC:d] n. 不和谐(lack of agreement or harmony)
(类)discordant·sound=anachronistic·time 声音不和谐的·声音=时代错误的·时代
(反)discord ◆ harmony 声音不和谐的 ◆ 和谐的
(同)conflict, contention, difference, disharmony, dissension, dissent
(例)a household full of turmoil and discord 充满混乱和不和谐的家庭
discourse [5dIskC:s] n. 演说;论文
(类)diatribe·discourse=lullaby·song 攻击性演说·演说=摇篮曲·歌曲(种属)
discredit [dIs5kredIt] v. 羞辱(to injure the reputation)
(类)invective·discredit=exhortation·motivate 辱骂·羞辱=劝诫性的讲话·推动(行为及其目的)
discredit·reputation=injure·well-being 羞辱·名誉=损害·健康(前者破坏后者) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-19 20:15
disgorge [dIs5^C:dV] v. 吐出(surrender something),呕出(vomit)
(反)disgorge ◆ swallow 吞下ingest咽下
(例)Unwilling to disgorge the cash he had stolen , the embezzler tried to run away.
不愿吐出窃来的钱,这个贪污犯想逃走。
cramped [krAmp] n. 狭促的(confined, incommodious)
(反)commodious 宽敞的
disguise [dIs5^aIz] v.伪装,掩饰(to furnish with a false appearance or an assumed identity)
(类)disguise·identification=camouflage·detection 假装·鉴定=伪装·察觉(反义)
disguise·recognition=padding·damage 假扮·认出=垫料·损害(前者防止后者)
(同)camouflage, dissemble, dissimulate, mask
(例)disguised herself with a wig 用假发伪装自己。
dispatch [dI5spAtF] n. 迅捷(speedy action) v. 派遣,一下做完
(反)dispatch ◆ leisureliness 迅速 ◆ 悠然
(记)这个词与patch 碎片没有任何关系;记时与package 包裹一起联想:快速分发包裹,快件。
dispose [dis5pEuz] vt. 使倾向(incline)vi.处理掉(dispose of 与of连用)
(类)recycle·disposal=rehabilitate·demolition 重复利用·处理掉=修复·摧毁破坏(反义)
(反)disposed ◆ disinclined 有倾向的 ◆ 无倾向的
(记)pose 词义摆姿势;作为词根的意思是安排,布置→dispose 处置
(例)The low salary did not dispose him to accept the position. 低薪使他不想接受这项工作。
Man proposes. God disposes. 谋事在人,成事在天。(这里dispose是处理、安排的意思) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-20 07:52
distal [`dIstl] adj远离中心的,(神经)末梢的(situated away from the point of attachment or origin or
a central point especially of the body)
(反)distal ◆ proximal 远离中心的 ◆ 接近中心的,最接近的
【注】proximal:next to or nearest the point of attachment or origin, a central point, or the
point of view;especially:located toward the center of the body 最接近的
(记)与 distant 遥远的 一起记
ditty [5dItI] n. 小调,小曲(an especially simple and unaffected song)
(类)fable·tale=ditty·song 寓言(通常短小的故事)·故事=小曲·歌曲(种属)
ditty·oratorio=anecdote·novel 小曲·清唱剧=轶事·小说(种属)
(记)来自dict 说,口头 联想:口头流传的→小调 参考:dictator 独裁者 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-20 07:54
diurnal [daI5\:nEl] adj. 白昼的,白天的(occurring in the daytime; daily)
(类)diurnal ◆ nocturnal/ chiefly active at night 白昼的 ◆ 夜晚的/在夜间活动的
(记)di=day
diverge [daI5v\:dV] vi. 分歧;岔开(vary; go in different directionsfrom the same point )
(类)diverge·apart=traverse·across 分岔·分开地=横越·交叉(同义)
ad-lib·impromptu=aside·divergent 即兴地·即席的=在旁边·分岔的(副词形容词同义)
(反)diverge ◆ come together 分歧 ◆ 一致
divergence ◆ unification/ confluence 分歧 ◆ 统一/汇合
(同)digress , depart, ramble, stray, wander;differ, disagree
divert [daI5v\:t] vt.使转向(to turn from one course or use to another,deflect)
(类)divert·shunt=retard·brake 使转向·使车转向=减速·刹车(行为及其交通上的行为)
divestiture [daI`vestItFE] n. 剥夺,脱衣 (the act of divesting)
(反)divestiture ◆ acquisition 剥夺 ◆ 获得
divest ◆ endow 剥夺 ◆ 捐赠,
divulge [daI5vQldV] vt.泄漏秘密(to make known as a secret)
(反)divulge ◆ keep secret 泄漏秘密 ◆ 保密
(同)reveal , betray, disclose, discover, unclose
dodder [5dRdE] vi. 摇摆,蹒跚(to progress feebly and unsteadily)
(类)dodder·unsteady=cavort·sprightly 摇摆蹒跚·不平稳的=雀跃·活泼的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-20 07:54
dodge [dCdV] v.避开,躲避(to evade by a sudden or repeated shift of position)
(类)dodge·blow=escape·capture 躲避·打击=逃避·捕获
(同)duck, fence, parry, shirk, sidestep; equivocate
(例)The child dodged through the crowd. 那小孩在人群中躲躲闪闪
(记)谐音:“躲之”→避开,躲避
doff [dC:f] vt. 脱(to take off);丢弃;废除
(反)doff ◆ don 脱下 ◆ 穿上
(记)d+off
dogma [dC:^mE] n. 教条(something held as an established opinion)
(类)dogma·iconoclast=convention·maverick
教条·提倡打破旧习的人=习俗·特立独行者
(反)dogma ◆ heresy 教条 ◆ 异端学说
downpour [5daJnpC:] n. 暴雨,倾盆大雨(a heavy , drenching rain)
(类)downpour·flooding=wind·erosion 暴雨·泛滥=风·侵蚀(因果)
doyen [5dCIEn] n. 老资格,首席(the senior member of a body or group)
(类)eccentric·conventional=doyen·initiated 行为古怪者·常规的=老前辈·刚入门的(反面特征)
(记)谐音“导爷”;中国最早一批下海者→老资格的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-20 07:55
doze [dEJz] vi.瞌睡;假寐(to fall into a light sleep; nap)
(类)doze·sleep=nudge·prod 瞌睡·睡觉=轻推·推动(程度)
ductile [dQk5til] n.有延展性的(capable of being drawn out or hammered thin)
(类)ductility·malleable=toxicity·poisonous 延展性·延展性的=毒性·有毒的(同义)
(同)plastic, adaptable, malleable, moldable, pliable, pliant, supple
eaglet [5i:^lIt] n.小鹰;小雕(a young eagle)
(类)eaglet·bird=fawn·mammal 小鹰·鸟类=小羊·哺乳动物
(记)let(表示小的后缀)
earnest [5\:nIst] adj.认真的;诚恳的(proceeding from an serious state of mind)
(反)earnest ◆ facetious 认真的 ◆ 轻浮的
(同)grave,sedate,sober,solemn,somber,staid,weighty
(例)If you work in earnest,you will succeed. 认真工作就会成功。
earplug [5IEplQ^] n.耳塞(an ornament inserted in the lobe of the ear to distend it)
(类)earplug·noise=shield·impact 耳塞防止噪音=盾防止冲击
earshot [5IEFRt] n.听力所及的范围(the range within which the voice may be heard)
(类)earshot·hear=ken·see 听力范围·听=视野范围·看(行为及其范围)
(记)shot→射程 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-20 07:57
easel [ 5i:zl ] n. 画架(An upright frame for supporting something, such as an artist's canvas)
(类)easel·canvas=tripod·camera 画架·画布=三角架·照相机(事物及其支持物)
【注】frame·photograph 绝对错误;本题强调支撑,而不是frame
(记)ease(容易,不费力)+ l 联想:画架让画画不费力更容易了。
eavesdrop [5i:vzdrRp] v.偷听(to listen secretly to what is said in private)
(类)eavesdrop·conversation=trespass·property 偷听谈话=擅闯领地 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-20 07:57
eccentric [Ik5sentrIk] adj.古怪的(odd;whimsical;irregular)n.行为古怪者
(类)eccentric·conventional=doyen·initiated 行为古怪者·常规的=老前辈·刚入门的(反面特征)
eccentric·unconventional=hero·admirable行为古怪者不符常规=英雄令人钦佩(正面特征)
(反)eccentric ◆ ordinary 古怪的 ◆ 常规的
(同)erratic, idiosyncratic, peculiar, queer, singular, weird
(记)ec(反)+centric(中心)→偏离中心的,偏离常规的,古怪的
(例)One of his eccentricities is sleeping under the bed instead of in it.
他的怪癖之一是睡在床底下,而不睡在床上。
eddy [5edi] n.v.漩涡(a current moving contrary to the direction of the main current)
(类)eddy·stream=anomaly·trend 旋涡·溪流=异常·趋势 (异常·正常)
(记)相关词ebb:退潮(to fall back from the flood stage)
edible [5edibl] adj.可食用的(fit to be eaten:)
(类)edible·eat=potable·drink 可食用的能吃=可饮用的能喝
(同)comestible, eatable, esculent
efface [I5feIs] v. 擦掉;抹去;磨灭(rub out)
(反)aggrandize夸大blazon/emboss装饰bring to preeminent卓越institute建立
(记)ef(否定,去掉)+face(脸上)=(从脸上)抹去
(例)Efface unpleasant memories of the past. 忘却过去不愉快的回忆。
elastic [I5lAstIk] adj.有弹性的;能伸展的(easily resuming original shape after being stretched)
(类)elastic·expand=viable·live 能伸展的·伸展=能活的·活
ephemeral·endure=inelastic·stretch 短暂的无法持久=无弹性的无法伸展
(反)inelastic ◆ extended 无弹性的 ◆ 延伸的
(同)flexible,resilient,stretch,supple
(记)last有持久延展的意思 例如:The war lasted four years. 战争持续了四年
emaciate [I5meIFIeIt] v .使憔悴(to make feeble);减肥
(类)emaciated·thin=apoplectic·angry
憔悴的·瘦=易怒的·生气(褒贬)【注:非程度】
(反)emaciate ◆ invigorate/fatten 使憔悴 ◆ 鼓舞/变胖
(例)She was emaciated by long illness. 由于长期生病她变得消瘦了。
emboss [im5bCs] vt.饰以浮饰;使凸出来;浮雕装饰(to ornament with raised work)
(反)emboss ◆ flatten out 使凸出来 ◆ 使平坦
(记)boss 原义:a protuberant part or body 将军肚 联想:因老板肚子常常凸起后引申为老板。
embrace [Im5breIs] n.v.拥抱;乐于接受(to take up especially readily or gladly)
(类)embrace·affection=blush·embarrassment拥抱表示爱=脸红表示困窘
(反)embrace ◆ abjure/ abrogate /eschew/ ostracize/ renounce /spurn
乐于接受 ◆ 誓绝/废除/避免/放逐/放弃/摒弃
(记)brace:支持 参考:bracket 支架,括弧
endorse [In5dC:s] vt. 背书,签署;支持(to approve openly)
(类)endorse·approval=endow·income 【注:endow :to furnish with an income】
签署·批准=资助·收入(批准后签署意见=有收入后进行资助)
endorsement·policy=rider·bill
签署·政策=法案附文(类似盖公章)·法案(后者经由前者生效)
(反)endorse ◆ deprecate/impugn/oppose publicly 支持 ◆ 抗议/指责/公然反对
(同)approve, accredit, certify, sanction
(例)His driving licence hase been endorsed,a record of a motoring offence has been
entered in it. 他的驾驶执照上曾有违规的纪录。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-20 08:01
ensemble [E:n5sB:mbl] n. 合奏曲(a work for two or more vocalists or instrumentalists)
(反)ensemble ◆ solo 合奏曲 ◆ 独奏曲
(记)semble(相同) 联想:共同弹奏相同的曲子→合奏曲
参考:dissemble 掩饰resemble 象,类似 assemble集合,装配
ensconce [in5skCns] vt. 安置(to establish or place firmly, comfortably, or snugly)
(反)ensconce ◆ dislodge/ displace/ unsettle 安置 ◆ 驱逐/取代位置/使紊乱
【注:unsettle :to displace from a settled condition】
(记)en + sconce n. 烛台→使象烛台一样→安置 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-20 08:02
ensue [In5su:] vi. 随之而来(follow)
(反)ensuing ◆ anterior 后来的 ◆ 先前的
(记)由sue(诉讼)联想:治安状况不好,诉讼接连发生。
(例)the trouble that ensued from this misunderstanding. 由误会而产生的麻烦。
entangle [In5tAN^El] vt. 使纠缠;卷入(to twist together or entwine into a confusing mass;snarl)
(类)exonerate·blame=disentangle·snarl 免除责任·指责=松开·纠缠(反义)
entangle·involve=grill·question 纠缠·涉及=拷问·提问(程度)
(反)disentangle ◆ snarl 松开 ◆ 使缠结
(记)源自tangle 纠缠 参考:untangle解开disentangle解开
(例)My fishing line got entangled in weeds. 我的钓鱼线和杂草缠在一起了。
epicure [5epIkjJE] n.美食家 (one with sensitive tastes especially in food or wine)
(类)epicure·discriminating=spectator·watching 美食家·识别的=观众·观看的(正面特征)
(反)epicure ◆ a person indifferent to food 美食家 ◆ 厌食者
(同)gastronome, gourmand, gourmet
(记)来自Epicurus古希腊哲学家伊壁鸠鲁 主张享乐和美食 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-20 08:04
episode [5episEud] n.一段情节(one event in a chain of events)
(类)episode·series=issue·periodical 一段情节·连续系列=出版一期·期刊
(记)epi(在…之间)+ sode(=soda 肥皂剧)→在肥皂剧之间的→一段情节
epistemology [IpIstI5mRlEdVI] n.认识论(a theory of the nature and grounds of knowledge)
(类)epistemology·knowledge=aesthetics·beauty 认识论研究知识=美学研究美
(记)一点背景知识:认识论的核心问题是:什么是知识?什么是真理?人类的知识来自何处?
epitaph [5epitB:f] n. 墓志铭;碑文
(类)epitaph·tombstone=motto·shield 墓志铭刻在墓碑上=座右铭刻在盾牌上
(记)epi(在…之前)+taph(= tomb 坟墓)
epithet [5epiWet] n.绰号;脏话(a disparaging or abusive word or phrase)
(类)epithet·disparage=alias·mislead 脏话贬低人=化名误导人
(记)epi(在…下)+ thet(=set放)→放在下面说的话→脏话 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-20 08:05
epitome [5epitEJm] n.摘要(summary);典型(a typical or ideal example)
(类)epitomize·brevity=embellish·ornamentation 摘要·缩写=装饰·装饰(同义)
euphemism [5ju:fEmIzEm] n.婉言(mild expression in place of an unpleasant one)
(类)euphemism·offense=aphorism·diffuseness=invulnerableness·injure
婉言不会冒犯=格言不会冗长=无懈可击不会受伤
euphonious [ju:5fEJnIEs] adj.悦耳的(pleasing or agreeable to the ear)
(类)euphonious·sound=graceful·movement悦耳的声音=优美的动作
(反)euphonious ◆ cacophonous 悦耳的 ◆ 刺耳的
(同)melodious, dulcet , sweet, tuneful
euphoria [ju:5fRrIE] n.精神欢快;欣快症(a feeling of well-being or elation)
(类)satisfaction·euphoria欣快症表现为过分满意
exempt [I^5zempt] adj. 免除的 vt. 使免除(to free from an obligation to which others are subject)
(类)exempt·liability=pardon·penalty 免除债务=宽恕罪过(消除关系)
(记)联想:exemple榜样,模范→模范乘车可以免票→免除
exhaust [I^5zC:st] vt. 耗尽;使精疲力尽(to wear out completely)
(类)infinite·exhaust=discrete·overlap 无穷的不会耗尽=分离的不会重叠
exhausted·rest=thirsty·imbibe 精疲力尽的需要休息=口渴的需要喝水
exhaustive·careful=mesmerized·interesting详尽无遗漏的·仔细的=着迷的·有趣的(程度)
【注】exhaustive :treating all parts or aspects without omission; thorough
(反)exhaustive ◆ incomplete/partial 彻底的 ◆ 不完全的/部分的
(同)deplete, bankrupt, drain
(记)ex(加强)+haust(谐音:耗死它)→耗尽;使精疲力尽 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-20 08:09
faultfinder n.找岔,喜欢挑剔的人(one who is given to petty criticism and constant complaint)
(类)faultfinder·criticize=arbitrator·mediate 喜欢挑剔的人批评=仲裁人调解 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-21 19:48
fetid [5fetId] adj.有恶臭的(malodorous)
(类)fetid·smell=cacophonous(grating)·sound/ugly·appearance
恶臭的气味=刺耳的声音/丑陋的外表
(反)fetid ◆ having a pleasant smell 恶臭的 ◆ 有愉快芳香的
filibuster [5fIlIbQstE] n.v. 妨碍议事;阻挠(block legislation by making long speeches)
(类)filibuster·delay=hoax·deceive 妨碍议事·拖延=骗局·欺骗(正面特征)
filibuster·legislation=blockade·commerce 妨碍议事阻挠立法=封锁阻挠商业交往
(记)fili(谐音“费力”)+buster(=one that breaks up something 破坏者)费力破坏→阻挠 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-21 19:50
filigree [5fIlI^ri:] n.金银丝做的工艺品(ornamental openwork of delicate design)
(类)chiaroscuro·contrast=filigree·delicacy(干扰:tapestry·intricacy 挂毯·复杂)
明暗配合法特点是对比=金银丝工艺品特点是精致(正面特征)
【注】chiaroscuro :the technique of using light and shade in pictorial representation.
filigree·wire=lace·thread金银丝做的工艺品·金属丝=饰带·线(材料关系)
filing [5failiN] n.锉屑(a particle or shaving removed by a file)
(类)filing·metal=shaving·wood 锉屑由锉金属产生=刨屑由刨木头产生
flush [flQF] vi.脸红;冲洗(to be emptied or cleaned by a rapid flow of water, as a toilet.)
(类)galvanize·stimulate=irrigate·flush 刺激·刺激=冲洗(伤口)·冲洗(同义) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-21 19:55
frothy [`frCWI] adj. 泡沫的;浅薄的(playfully frivolous in character or content)
(反)frothy ◆ weighty 浅薄的 ◆ 重的
(例)A glass of beer with a lot of froth on it. 有许多泡沫的一杯啤酒。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-22 07:32
fussy [5fQsI] adj. 过分注重细节的;挑剔的(requiring great attention to sometimes trivial details)
(类)fussy·careful=garrulous·talkative
过分注重细节的·仔细的=啰嗦的·健谈的(过分与正常)
tend·fuss=assert·belabor注意·过分注重细节=断言·唠叨地讲(正常与过分)
【注】fuss :to be excessively careful or solicitous
fusty [5fQstI] adj. 发霉味的(smelling of mildew or decay;musty);守旧的(antique)
(反)fusty ◆ fresh发霉味的 ◆ 新鲜的
(记)fust 原义木头,啤酒桶 联想:啤酒桶是发霉味的 参考:fustian 棉布,夸大的话
galvanize [5^AlvEnaIz] v.电镀;激励(to arouse to awareness or action; spur)
(类)galvanize·stimulate=irrigate·flush 刺激·刺激=冲洗(伤口)·冲洗(同义)
(反)galvanize ◆ allay/ lull 激励 ◆ 减轻/使平静
【注】irrigate :to wash out (a body cavity or wound) with water or a medicated fluid 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-22 07:34
gamble [5^Ambl] v.赌博;孤注一掷(to engage in reckless or hazardous behavior)
(类)cautious·gamble=adamant·yield 谨慎的不孤注一掷冒险=坚强的不屈服
genial [5dVi:nIEl] adj.和蔼的;亲切的(having a pleasant or friendly disposition or manner)
(类)genial·bonhomie=diplomatic·tact 亲切的·温和=有外交策略的·机智(名形同义)
philanthropic·geniality=resourceful·inventiveness
博爱慈爱的·亲切=足智多谋的·发明(正面特征)
(反)genial ◆ caustic/dour/dyspeptic/mordant/truculent
和蔼的 ◆ 刻薄的/严厉的/阴郁的/尖酸的/好战凶猛的
germane [dV\:5meIn] adj. 有密切关系的(being at once relevant and appropriate:fitting)
(类)germane ◆ irrelevant/inappropriate 有密切关系的 ◆ 无关的/不适当的
(记)germ(幼芽)参考:germinate发展,发芽germinal幼芽的,独创性的
(例)omit details that are not germane to the discussion 忽略与讨论无关的细节 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-22 07:36
gerrymander vt. 不公正划分选区(to divide an area into political units to give special advantages to
one group)
(类)gerrymander·district=rig·contest不公正划分选区·地区=用欺骗手段操纵·竞争(动宾)
【注:rig· to manipulate or control usually by deceptive or dishonest means】
geyser [^aizE] n. 间歇泉;(英)(洗澡用)燃气热水器
(类)geyser·water= volcano·lava 间歇泉喷发出水=火山喷发出熔岩
gibe [dVaIb] v. 嘲笑,奚落(to deride or tease with taunting words)
(类)gibe·derision=apologize·regret=condolence·(sympathy/compassion)
奚落·嘲笑=道歉·遗憾 =哀悼·同情(前者程度较重)
(记)和jibe等同,谐音:讥鄙;联想因为鄙视而讥讽。
(同)scoff, fleer, flout, jeer, jest, sneer
girder n. 大梁(a horizontal main structural member that supports vertical loads)
(类)girder·support=ballast·stability大梁·支撑=压舱物·稳定
(记)谐音·歌德 联想:歌德是德国文学的大梁。
gist [dVist] n.要点, 要旨(the main point or part ;essence)
(类)gist ◆ tangential point 要点 ◆ 无关紧要的点
(记)谐音”记住他”;联想:对于要点,一定要记住他
glacier [5^lAsIE] n.冰川(a large body of ice moving slowly down a slope)
(类)glacier·ice=sea·water冰川·冰=海洋·水(组成关系)
glacial·cold=profound·deep冰冷的·寒冷的=深刻的·深(程度)
(记)与glaze (釉)一起记 联想:釉和冰的共同特点都是光滑的。
glade [gleId] n.林间空地(an open space surrounded by woods)
(类)glade·wood=oasis·desert(干扰:archipelago·ocean群岛·海)
林间空地·树林=绿洲·沙漠(强调一种大片中一点空的感觉)
(记)与gladiator一起记 联想:古代角斗士一般在林中空地中决斗。
glib [^lIb] adj. 流利圆滑的,善辩的(marked by fluency in speaking or writing)
(类)fluent·glib=humorous·wry 流利的·油腔滑调的=幽默的·讽刺性的幽默(褒贬程度)
glib·profundity = maladroit·skill 口齿伶俐的·深刻=不灵巧的·技巧(缺乏关系)
(反)labored不自然的taciturn沉默寡言的 awkward笨拙的
(记)a glib tongue三寸不烂之舌
glisten [5^lIsEn] v. 闪光 (to give off a sparkling or lustrous reflection)
(类)dingy·glisten=slippery·adhere 暗黑的不反光=滑溜的不粘附(反面特征)
(同)flash, gleam, glimmer, glint, glitter
glitch [^litF] n. 小故障(a usually minor malfunction)
(类)glitch·flaw=peccadillo·error 小故障·错误=小错误·错误(小和正常)
(记)g+litch(=litchi 荔枝)联想:割荔枝出现了小故障。
gloss [^lRs] n. 简短解释(a brief explanation of a difficult;annotate)
(类)blurb·notice=gloss·explanation=cameo·appearance
简短公告·公告=简短解释·解释=简短表演·表演(前者是后者的简化版)
(记)与下面两词glossary,glossy一起记忆
glossary [5^lRsErI] n.术语表(a collection of textual glosses)
(类)glossary·text=legend·map
术语表·正文=地图上的说明文字·地图(前者说明补充后者)
glossy [5^lRsI] adj. 平滑的,有光泽的(having a surface luster or brightness)
(类)varnish·glossy=sand·smooth上漆·光滑的=砂磨·平滑的(前者造成后者)
glutinous [5^lu:tInEs] adj. 粘的,胶状的(having the quality of glue·gummy)
(类)glue·adhesive = etch·corrosiv胶·粘的=蚀刻·腐蚀的(事物典型特征)
(反)glutinous ◆ non viscous 粘的 ◆ 不粘的
(记)源自glue(胶水)
glutton [5^lQtEn] n. 贪吃者(one given habitually to greedy and voracious eating)
(类)gluttony·food = avarice·money贪食·食物=贪财·钱(后者是前者对象)
glutton·overindulge=ascetic·self denial贪吃者·放纵=禁欲者·克制
(反)gluttonous ◆ abstentious 贪吃的 ◆ 节制的
(记)glut(充斥)+ton(吨)能吃一吨的自然是贪吃者
goad [^EJd] vt. 驱使,唆使(to incite or rouse as if with a goad)
(类)goad·enticement=command·entreaty 驱使·诱使=命令·恳求 (主被动关系)
gadfly·goad=humorist·amuse 刺激物,牛虻·刺激=幽默者·逗乐(正面特征)
【注】gadfly :one that acts as a provocative stimulus; a goad.
(反)goad ◆ check/curb/ lull 唆使 ◆ 阻止/阻止/使安静
(记)原义赶牲口的棒子;引申刺激;与goal一起记忆,goad sb. to achieve a goal 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-22 07:37
gourmand [5^JEmAnd] n. 嗜食者(one who is excessively fond of eating and drinking)
(类)gourmand·appetite=skinflint·thrift嗜食者食欲过好=吝啬鬼节俭过度
(记)和gourmet(美食家)区分:一个是贪吃;另一个是在食物中寻求美感
gourmet [5^JEmeI] n. 美食家(a connoisseur of food and drink; connoisseur)
(类)gourmet·food =cineast·film=bibliophile·books
美食家·食物=电影迷·电影=爱书者·书(前者爱后者之美感)
【注:bibliophile ·a lover of books especially for qualities of format】
(类)gourmet·cuisine = connoisseur·art 美食家·烹调=鉴赏家·艺术作品
gourmet·eat=bookworm·read 书呆子:读=美食家:吃(人物及其爱好)
gourmet·food=aesthete·art 美食家·食物=美学家·艺术(前者鉴赏后者)
grandeur [5^rAndVE] n. 庄严,伟大(the quality or state of being grand)
(反)grandeur ◆ frivolous 庄严 ◆ 轻佻的
(记)源于grand(大)
grandstand [ 5^rAndstAnd ] v. 哗众取宠的表演(to play or act so as to impress onlookers)
(类)grandstand·impress=equivocate·deceive= proselytize·convert
哗众取宠的表演·打动=支支吾吾的说·欺骗=劝诱改宗的人·皈依(目的)
(记)grandstand本意大看台,主观众席。引申为取悦观众的表演
grin [^rIn] vi.咧着嘴笑(to draw back the lips to show the teeth in amusement)
(反)grin ◆ pout 咧着嘴笑 ◆ 噘嘴生气
gripe [^raIp] v. 抱怨,诉苦(to complain with grumbling)
(类)gripe·discontent=praise·admiration 抱怨因为不满=表扬因为喜爱
(同)fuss, squawk, yammer, yawp
(例)students griping about the cafeteria food学生抱怨食堂的饭
grisly [5^rIzlI] adj. 恐怖的(inspiring horror or intense fear)
(类)grisly·flinch=droll·laugh恐怖的·畏缩=滑稽的·笑(前者造成后者)
(例)Houses were dark and grisly under the blank, cold sky.
在空寂寒冷的天空下,房屋显得模糊而恐怖。
groove [^ru:v] n. 槽(a long narrow channel or depression)
(类)grooved·striation =braided·strand 有槽的·条纹=编织的·绳索(后者特征是前者)
striated·groove=dappled·spot 有条纹的·槽=有斑点的· 斑点(同义)
【注:striation·a minute groove especially when one of a parallel series】
(记)注意和grove(树丛)区分 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 07:51
gullible [5^QlIbl] adj.轻信的(easily duped or cheated)
(类)gullible·chicanery=servile·domination 轻信的人容易被欺骗=奴性的人容易被统治
trusting·gullible=compliant·servile 信任的·轻信的=顺从的·奴性的(过分前者是后者)
vigilant·entrapped=wary·gulled 警惕的不易被骗入圈套=机警的不易利用
【注:gull:to take advantage of (one who is foolish or unwary) · DECEIVE 利用,欺骗】
(同)easy, fleeceable, naive, susceptible
gully [5^QlI] n.小峡谷(a small valley or gulch)
(类)gully·erosion=callus·friction 小峡谷·腐蚀=老茧·磨擦(后者形成前者) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 07:52
gum [^Qm] n. 树胶;口香糖
(类)gum·rubber plant=resin·tree 树胶·橡胶树=树脂·树(前者由后者生成)
gush [^QF] n. 涌出, 感情外溢(make an excessive display of feeling)
(类)gush·effusive=rage·irate 感情外溢·热情洋溢的=大怒·发怒的(同义)
gush·trickle=blast·whiff 涌出·滴流=爆炸·轻轻地吹(程度)
gust [^Qst] n. 一阵狂风(a sudden brief rush of wind)
(类)gust·wind=cloudburst·rainfall 一阵狂风·风=倾盆大雨·降雨(程度)
hale [heIl] adj. 强壮的,健壮的(free from defect;sound)
(反)effete衰弱的 labyrinth虚弱的blighted枯萎的anemic贫血的wan病态的
decrepid 衰老的 infirm弱的
(记)比较inhale吸气 exhale呼气 联想:经常深呼吸有利健康
(同)fit, sane, sound, wholesome
half-baked adj.考虑不成熟的(lacking adequate planning or forethought;lacking in judgment,
intelligence, or common sense)
(反)half-baked ◆ well thought of 考虑不成熟的 ◆ 详细计划的
hallmark [5hC:lmB:k] n. 典型的特征,特点(a distinguishing trait, or feature)
(反)hallmark ◆ uncharacteristic feature 典型的特征 ◆ 不典型的特征
(例)the dramatic flourishes which are the hallmark of the trial lawyer
hallow [5hAlEJ] vt. 视为神圣(to make holy or set apart for holy use)
(反)hallow ◆ desecrate 视为神圣 ◆ 亵渎
(记)和hollow(空的)区分
(同)bless, consecrate, sanctify 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 07:52
harbinger [5hB:bIndVE] n. 先驱,预兆(one that presages or foreshadows what is to come)
(类)harbinger·presage=archetype·exemplify先驱用来预言=原型用来做例证
(同)announce , foreshow, herald, preindicate, presage
harry [5hArI] v. 掠夺,骚扰(to torment by or as if by constant attack)
(反)harry ◆ comfort/untroubled/ mollify 骚扰 ◆ 安慰/没烦恼/安抚
(同)ravage, depredate, despoil, devastate
hasten [5heIsEn] vt.促进 vi.赶紧(to urge on)
(反)slow the progress of延缓过程/check阻碍/retard阻碍
(记)has+ten(十分紧要)得加快促进
(同)accelerate, hurry, quicken, swiften
hasty [5heIstI] adj. 匆匆的,急忙的(done or made in a hurry);轻率的(fast&typically superficial) (反)characterized by deliberation深思熟虑地对待well considered/ deliberate深思熟虑的
(记)和上面的hasten一起记忆
(同)expeditious, fleet, quick, rapid, swift 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 07:53
hedonism [hi:5dRnIk] n.享乐主义(the doctrine that happiness is the sole good in life)
(类)hedonist·pleasure=recluse·privacy/narcissistic·self
快乐主义者·快乐=隐遁者·秘密/自恋者·自己(人物及其追求对象)
(反)hedonist ◆ ascetic 享乐主义者 ◆ 禁欲者
(记)hedo谐音“海盗”联想:海盗中流行享乐主义。
(例)lead the life of a hedonist
hegemony [hi(:)5^emEni] n.霸权,统治权(preponderant influence or authority over others)
(反)hegemony ◆ lack of authority 霸权 ◆ 缺少权利
hie [haI] v. 急忙;疾走;催促(to go quickly)
(反)hie ◆ dawdle 催促 ◆ 游手好闲,闲混
(同)fare, proceed, travel, wend
hieroglyph [5haIErE^lIf] n.象形文字,图画文字(a character used in a system of hieroglyphic writing)
(类)decipher·hieroglyph=separate·component 译解·象形文字=分离·组分(动宾)
(记)Hiero(神)+glyph(写)神写的象形文字
horticulture [5hC:tIkQltFE] n. 园艺
(类)flower·horticulture = tree·forestry 花·园艺=树·林学(学科及其研究对象)
(记)horti(花园)+culture(培育)参考agriculture(农业)
hovel [5hRvl] n. 小屋(a small, wretched, and often dirty house)
(类)palatial·hovel=bucolic·city= bucolic·metropolis
富丽堂皇的·小屋=田园风味的·城市=乡村的·大都市(反面特征)
(记)谐音:好窝。联想:我的好窝是小屋
hub [hQb] n. 车轴,中心
(类)spoke·hub=radius·center轮辐·中心=半径·中心(前者会聚于后者)
hubris [5hju:brIs] n. 狂妄自大(exaggerated pride or self-confidencehubristic)
(类)hubris·pride=flattery·praise= hesitation·reluctance
狂妄自大·骄傲=奉承·表扬 =犹豫·不愿意(程度)
hubris·pride/self-confidence/proud = parsimony·frugal
狂妄自大·自豪的=吝啬·节俭的(褒贬程度)
hubris ◆ humility 狂妄自大 ◆ 谦逊
(记)hub 轴心 以自我为轴心→狂妄自大 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 07:55
hybrid [5haIbrId] adj. 混合的;杂种的;混合语的n. 杂种(something heterogeneous)
(反)hybrid ◆ of unmixed extraction /purebred 杂种的 ◆ 纯血统的/纯种的
(记)hybrid car(混合动力汽车,用发动机和电池作为动力来源)
(同)bastard, crossbreed, mongrel, mule
(例)the mule is a hybrid of the ass and the horse
hymn [hIm] n. 赞美诗,圣歌;赞歌(a song of praise or joy)
(类)hymn·praise=elegy·sorrow =dirge·grief
赞歌·赞美=挽歌·悲伤=挽歌·悲伤(事物及其表达的含义)
(同)song, aria, ditty
ichthyologist [9IkWI`ClEdVIst] n. 鱼类学者,鱼类研究者(one that deals with fishes)
(类)salmon·ichthyologist=chameleon·herpetologist
大麻哈鱼·鱼类学家=变色龙·爬虫学家(学者及其研究对象)
iconoclast [ai5kCnEklAst] n.偶像破坏者,打破旧习的人(one who attacks settled beliefs)
(类)iconoclast·attack=philosopher·cogitate 打破旧习的人·打破=哲人·思考
idolatrize [aI5dRlEtE(r)] v.奉为偶像,盲目崇拜(admires intensely and often blindly)
(类)esteem·idolatrize=favor·bribe 尊敬·盲目崇拜=赐予·行贿 (程度褒贬类比)
reverent·idolater=trusting·dupe 虔诚的·偶像崇拜者=轻信的·易受骗的人(正面)
(记)idol(偶像)+atrize 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 07:56
idyll [5aidil] n.田园诗,牧歌;田园生活
(类)idyll·carefree=ordeal·difficult 田园生活·无忧无虑的=严酷的考验·困难的
(反)idyll ◆ experience fraught with tension 田园休闲生活 ◆充满紧张的经历
【注】fraught :filled with a specified element or elements; charged充满的
ignite [I^5naIt] v. 点燃(to set afire),使灼热;使兴奋
(反)ignite ◆ extinguish 点燃 ◆ 熄灭
(同)light, enkindle, fire, inflame, kindle
ignominy [5I^nEmInI] n. 耻辱(deep personal humiliation and disgrace)
(反)ignominious ◆ lofty 可耻的 ◆ 崇高的
ignominy ◆ glory/honor/esteem/ respect 耻辱 ◆ 光荣
(记)ig+nomin(名声)
(同)discredit, disesteem, disrepute, infamy
illuminati [I9lU:mI`nB:ti:] n. 有睿智的人(persons who claim to be unusually enlightened)
(类)illuminati·instruct=interpreter·translate 有睿智的人·指导=翻译员·翻译(正面)
(同)intelligentsia , literati
(记)源于iluminate(照明,说明)
immure [I5mjJE] v. 监禁,禁闭(to enclose within or as if within walls)
(反)immure ◆ release / liberate 禁闭 ◆ 释放/解放
(同)imprison, bastille, constrain, incarcerate, jail
immutable [I5mju:tEb(E)l] adj. 不可变的(not capable of or susceptible to change)
(类)immutable·altered=implacable·propitiated 不可变的·改变的=不听劝解的·劝解的
immutable·change =transitory·endure 不能变的·改变=短暂的·耐久 (反义)
(反)immutable ◆ variable 不可变的 ◆ 可变的
(记)im(不)+mutable(易变的)
incantation n. 咒语
(类)incantation·utterance=talisman·object 咒语·话=护身符·东西(种属)
incarnate [5InkB:neIt] vt. 体现,使具体化,使成化身adj.人体的(invested with bodily and especially human nature and form)
(反)incarnate ◆ incorporeal 人体的 ◆ 灵魂的
(记)in+carn(肉体的)+ate
(同)embody, externalize, materialize, objectify, substantiate
incendiary [In5sendIerI] adj. 放火的;煽动的,教唆的(involving a deliberate burning of property)
(类)incendiary·agitate=insurgent·rebel 煽动的·煽动=叛乱的·叛乱 (形容词和名词同义)
(记)in+cend(=cand放火)+iary原意是放火的,引申为煽风点火
(同)inflammatory
incense [In`sens] v. 用香焚;激怒(to arouse the extreme anger or indignation of)
(反)propitiate ◆ incense 劝解 ◆ 激怒
(记)原意为烧香,引申为激怒
(同)anger, enrage, infuriate, mad, umbrage 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 08:00
inch [IntF] v. 慢慢前进,慢慢移动(to move by small degrees·progress slowly)
(类)inch·advance=accrete·grow 慢慢前进·前进=增长·生长(种属)
inch·move=drawl·speak 慢慢移动·移动=懒洋洋地说·说(程度) 缓慢
(记)一寸一寸的移动引申为慢慢前进 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 08:00
inchoate [5InkEJEt] a.刚开始的,未完全发展的(being only partly in existence or operation)
(类)inchoate/incipient·realized=immature· developed
未形成的/初始的·形成的=未完全发展的·完全发展的(反义)
(反)inchoate ◆ explicit/ completely formed/ enduring/ fully formed/ fully realized
不完全的 ◆ 明确的/ 完全发展的/ 完全发展的/ 完全发展的/ 完全发展的
(记)in+cho(col)ate巧克力从凉的地方取出来-未完全(融化)的
incinerate [In5sInEreIt] vi. 烧成灰烬(to cause to burn to ashes)
(类)singe·incinerate=erode·destruction 烧的微焦·烧成灰烬=腐蚀·毁灭 (程度)
(记)in+ciner(灰)+ate
incipient [In5sIpIEnt] adj. 开始的(beginning to come into being or to become apparent)
(类)incipient/ inchoate·realized=immature·developed
开始的·完成的=不成熟的·成熟的(反义)
incipient·realized=tangible·indefinite=hypothetical·proven(争议:moribund·dead)
开始的·完成的=切实的·不确定的=假说的·被证明的(反义)
(反)incipient ◆ full-blown/ full realized/ plentiful 开始的 ◆ 成熟的/完全实现的/丰富的
(记)in+cip(零)ient刚是零的-开始的
(同) initial, inceptive, introductory, nascent 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 08:01
indoctrinate [In5dRktrIneIt] v. 灌输思想(to instruct especially in fundamentals)
(类)stickler·exacting=pedagogue·indoctrinate 吹毛求疵者·苛求的=教育者·灌输
(记)in+doctrine(教条)+ate用教条去灌输
ineffable [In5efEbl] adj.不能说的,不应说出的(incapable of being expressed in words)
(类)ineffable·description=irradicable·obliterate 不能说的·描述=不能根除的·删除
(记)in(不)+effable(可以说的)参考:fable寓言
ineluctable [InI5lQktEbl] adj.无法逃避的(not to be avoided,resisted)
(类)ineluctable·chance=serendipitous·effort
无法逃避的·偶然=善于挖宝(有发掘天赋的)·努力(事物及其反面特点)
ineluctable·avoid=irrevocable·repeal 不可避免的·避免=不可撤回的·撤回
impervious·penetrate=ineluctable·avoid =untenable·defend
密封的无法穿透=无法逃避的无法逃避=无法防卫的无法防卫
【注】untenable:being such that defense or maintenance is impossible
(同)incommunicable, indefinable 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 08:03
ingest [in5dVest] vt. 摄取,咽下,吸收(to take in for or as if for digestion)
(反)ingest ◆ expel 摄取 ◆ 排出
ingrained [In5^reInd] adj. 根深蒂固的(to work indelibly into the natural texture)
(反)ingrained ◆ easily to change/ extrinsic 根深蒂固的 ◆ 易于改变/外表的
(记)in+grain(木头的纹理)+ed入木三分-根深蒂固的
(同)congenital, constitutional, inbred, indwelling, innate
ingrate [in5^reit] n. 忘恩负义者(an ungrateful person)adj. 不知恩的,忘恩的
(反)ingrate ◆ thankful person 忘恩负义者 ◆ 感恩的人
(记)in(不)+ grate感激→不感激的→忘恩负义 参考:grateful感激的,感谢的
ingratiating [In`^reIFIeItIN] adj. 讨人喜欢的(agreeable)逢迎的,讨人欢心的
(类)ingratiating·win favor=disingenuous·deceive 迷人的·赢得喜欢=虚伪的·欺骗(正面特征)
(记)in+grati(感激)+ate使(观众等)感激;联想:讨人喜欢的作品或演员让读者和观众感激。
(同)deferential, ingratiatory, insinuating
(例)Reading requires an effort…Print is not as ingratiating as television
阅读是要费劲的…印刷品终究不如电视那么讨人喜欢 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:38
iniquity [I5nIkw(E)tI] n. 邪恶,不公正(gross injustice)
(反)iniquity ◆ rectitude/disinterestedness 不公正 ◆ 公正
(同)evil, crime sin, tort
initiate [i5niFieit] vt. 开始,发动,传授(to cause or facilitate the beginning of)
(类)catalysis·initiate=supervisor·oversight 催化剂·发动=管理者·小心照顾
eccentric·conventional=doyen·initiated 行为古怪者·常规的=老前辈·刚入门的(反面特征)
(反)initiate ◆ follow up 开始 ◆ 跟随
inveterate ◆ uninitiated 熟练的 ◆ 无经验的
inkling [5INklIN] n. 略知,模糊概念(a slight knowledge or vague notion)
(类)inkling·indication=lapse·error 略知·知识=小错误·错误 (少与正常)
inkling·knowledge=modicum·quantity 略知·知识=小量·量 (少与正常)
(记)ink(墨水)+ling淡的墨水印记-略知
(同)clue, indication, notion
(例)had not the faintest inkling of what it was all about 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:39
innocuous [I5nRkjJEs] adj.(行为,言论等)无害的(not likely to give offense)
(类)placebo·innocuous=salve·unctuous=venom·toxious
安慰剂·无害的=油膏·油质的=毒液·有毒的(事物典型特征)
(反)innocuous ◆ injurious/noxious 无害的 ◆ 有害的
(记)in(没有)+nocuous(有毒的)参考:noxious有害的
(同)blameless, guiltless, inculpable, irreproachable
innovation [InE5veIFEn] n. 改革,创新(the introduction of something new)
(类)contumaciou·authority=reactionary·innovation 顽固的反对权威=反动的反对革新
(同)change, mutation, novelty, permutation
inquisitive [in5kwizitiv] adj. 过分好奇的(improperly curious about the affairs of others)
(类)inquisitive·curious=painful·agonizing
好奇的·过分好奇的=疼痛的·疼痛难忍的(程度)
insight [InsaIt] n. 洞察力(the capacity to discern the true nature of a situation;penetration)
(类)insight· discern=mettle· endure 洞察力·洞悉=毅力·忍耐 (正面特征)
【注】mettle :staying quality : STAMINA毅力,持久力(还有勇气的意思)
insight· discerning=deadpan·impassive 洞察力·洞悉=无表情·消极(正面特征)
(记)in(加强)+sight(视力) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:39
insipid [In5sIpId] adj. 平淡的(lacking in qualities that interest, stimulate);难吃的
(类)insipid·invention=prosaic·imagination 平淡的·创造=平淡的·想象力(缺乏关系)
(反)insipid ◆ piquant 难吃的 ◆ 开胃的
(记)in+sip(吸吮)+id →没法吸(吃)的→平淡,难吃的
(同)vapid, flat, jejune, banal, inane ,arid, tedious, uninteresting
(例)an insipid romance with platitudes on every page
insolent [5InsElEnt] adj. 粗野的,无礼的(exhibiting boldness or effrontery)
(类)insolently·veneration=perfunctorily·inspiration
无礼地不会让人尊敬=例行公事地不会激发灵感
【注】perfunctory :characterized by routine or superficiality:MECHANICAL
例行公事的,机械的,敷衍的 如:a perfunctory smile一个敷衍的笑
(反)insolent ◆ polite/courteous 无礼的 ◆ 有礼貌的
insolent ◆ respectful 粗野的 ◆ 恭敬的,有礼貌的
(例)an insolent child with no respect or regard for anyone 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:39
instate [In`steIt] vt. 任命(to set or establish in a rank or office)
(反)instate ◆ oust 任命 ◆ 剥夺
(记)in(进入)+state(政府)进入政府任职→任命
(同)inaugurate, induct, install, invest
institute [5InstEtu:t] n. 学院 vt. 创立,开始,制定(to originate and get established)
(反)institute ◆ abrogate / rescind / efface 创立 ◆ 废除
(记)最著名的是MIT(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
(同)constitute, create, establish, organize
interlock [IntE5lRk] adj. 联锁的(to become locked together or interconnected)
(反)interlocking ◆ independent 联锁的 ◆ 独立
(记)inter+lock(锁) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:41
interminable [in5tE:minEbl] adj. 无尽头的(having or seeming to have no end)
(类)innumerable·number=interminable·duration
无尽的·数目·无限的·持续时间 (形容词修饰名词)
interminable·lengthy =boundless·extensive 无限的·冗长的=无限的·宽广的(程度)
countless/ innumerable/ myriad/ untold·number=everlasting/ interminable·duration
无尽的/ 无数的/ 无数的/ 无法说出的·数量=永恒/ 无尽的·持续时间 (事物的反面特征)
(记)in(无)+terminable(可终止的)不可终止的-无尽头的
intermittent [IntE5mItEnt] adj. 断断续续的,间歇的(coming and going at intervals)
(反)intermittent ◆ constant 间歇的 ◆ 持续的
(记)和interminable(无尽的)一起记忆
(同)isochronal, periodic, recurrent
(例)they predict intermittent rain throughout the day
interregnum [ 7intE(:)5re^nEm] n. 过渡期政府或统治(a period during which the normal functions of
government or control are suspended)
(类)interregnum·government=hibernation·activity过渡期政府没有政府=冬眠停止活动 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:41
intimate [5IntImEt] adj. 亲密的 n. 密友(a friend or confidant)
(类)clique·intimates=flock·sheep 朋党集团·密友=一群·羊(组成关系)
intimate·close= engrossed·absorbed =obsessed·attracted
亲密的:紧密的=全神贯注的:入神的=着迷的:吸引的(程度)
(同)friend, acquaintance, confidant, familiar
intimate [5IntImEt] vt. 宣布,明白表示(to make known especially publicly or formally)
(类)intimate·communicate=allude·refer 宣布·通信=暗指·提及(行为及其特殊方式)
(同)connote, hint, imply, insinuate
intimidate [in5timideit] vt. 威胁,胁迫(to make timid or fearful)
(类)dauntless·intimidate=irrepressible·restrain 无畏的难以胁迫=无法抑制的难以抑制
bully·intimidate=stupid·gullibility 欺凌弱小者威吓别人=笨人轻信别人
sabotage·subvertness=bull·intimidation 阴谋破坏目的是颠覆=暴力强迫目的是胁迫
cowardice·intimidate=choler·antagonize 懦弱者容易被胁迫=易怒者容易招致敌对
(同)browbeat, bully, cow, hector, terrorize
(例)intimidated by so many other bright freshmen 被这么多聪明的年轻人所威胁
(记)timid 本身是一个词;胆小的,羞怯的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:41
intransigent [in5trAnsidVEnt] adj.不妥协的,固执的(refusing to compromise or to abandon an
extreme position or attitude;irreconcilable)
(类)intransigent·acquiesce=deferential·offend 不妥协的不会勉强同意=恭敬的不会冒犯
(反)intransigent ◆ open to compromise 固执的 ◆ 妥协的
intransigent ◆ pliant/tractable 固执的 ◆ 柔顺的/容易驾驭的
(同)obstinate, incompliant, intractable, pertinacious, tough, stubborn, willful, unpliable, unyielding
intrinsic [in5trinsik] adj. 固有的,内在的(the essential nature or constitution of a thing)
(反)intrinsic ◆ extraneous 内在的 ◆ 无关的
intuitive [7intju5itiv] n. 直觉的(known or perceived by intuition · directly apprehended)
(反)extraneous ◆ intuitive 外来的 ◆ 直觉的
【注:直觉的认知由自身得来,而外来的认知由外部得来 extraneous:inessential or unrelated to the topic or matter at hand;existing on or coming from the outside】
(例) had an intuitive awareness of his sister's feelings
inundate [5inEndeit] v. 淹没(to cover with a flood:overflow;overwhelm)
(反)inundate ◆ drain 淹没 ◆ 排干
(同)deluge, engulf, overflow, overwhelm, submerge, swamp, whelm
(记)unda(=wave波浪)→在波浪之中→淹没 参考:undulate v. 波动,起伏
inveigh [in5vei] vi. 痛骂,漫骂,臭骂(to protest or complain bitterly or vehemently:rail)
(反)inveigh ◆ verbally provide support 漫骂 ◆ 口头支持
(同)inveigh against =object, except, expostulate, kick, protest, remonstrate
inveigle [in5vei^l] v. 诱骗,诱使 (to win over by wiles:entice;to acquire by ingenuity or flattery)
(类)plot·plan=inveigle·interest 密谋·谋划=诱骗·使感兴趣(不正当·正常)
(反)inveigle ◆ request directly 诱骗 ◆ 直接要求
inveigle ◆ openly seek to persuade 诱骗 ◆ 公开劝说
(同)lure, allure, bait, decoy, entice, entrap, lead on, seduce, tempt, toll 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:42
inventory [5invEntri] n. 存货清单(an itemized list of current assets)
(类)census·population=inventory·stock 人口普查·人口数=存货清单·库存
inventory·merchandise=manifest·cargo 存货清单·存货=运货单·货物
inveterate [in5vetErit] adj. 根深的,成癖的,积习的(firmly established by long persistence)
(反)inveterate ◆ uninitiated 根深蒂固的 ◆ 无经验的
inveterate ◆ one-time 根深蒂固的 ◆ 一次,偶尔
(同)confirmed, entrenched,irradicable,settled, sworn
invidious [in5vidiEs] adj. 容易引起不满的,招人嫉妒的(tending to cause discontent,animosity,or
envy)
(反)invidious ◆ beneficial 容易引起不满的 ◆ 有益个人或社会的
【注:beneficial :conducive to personal or social well-being】
(同)calumnious, defamatory, detracting
(例)the invidious task of arbitration 这个容易引起不满的裁决
invigorate [in5vi^Ereit] v. 使有活力,激励 (to give life and energy to·animate; also:stimulate)
(类)tonic·invigorate=analgesic·deaden 补品·使健壮=止痛剂·使麻木(正面特征)
(反)debilitate ◆ invigorate 使衰弱 ◆ 使健壮
demoralize ◆ invigorate 士气受挫 ◆ 鼓舞
emaciate ◆ invigorate 使憔悴 ◆ 使生气勃勃
sap ◆ invigorate 使衰竭 ◆ 使生气勃勃 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:45
invincible [in5vinsEbl] adj. 不能征服的,无敌的(incapable of being overcome or defeated;
unconquerable)
(类)invincible·conquer=negligible·perceive 不能征服的不易被征服=可以忽略的不易被察觉
invincible·subdue=impervious·damage 不能征服的·征服=不会受到损伤的·损坏
(同)impregnable, inconquerable, indomitable, invulnerable, unassailable, undefeatable
(例)the team proved to be invincible 这个团队被证明是无法战胜的
invoke [in5vEuk] vt. 恳求,调用(程序等),实施(to put into effect or operation:implement)
(反)invoke ◆ suspend 实施 ◆ 暂停
irascible [i5rAsibl] adj. 易发怒的(marked by hot temper and easily provoked anger)
(类)irascible·placate=insensate·conscious 易怒的难以安抚=没感觉难以察觉
(反)affable ◆ irascible 和蔼的 ◆ 易怒的
(同)choleric, cranky, hot-tempered, ireful, passionate, peppery, temperish, testy, touchy
(例)an irascible fellow and hard to get along with 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:45
ironclad [aIEn5klAd] adj. 装铁甲的,无懈可击的(so firm or secure as to be unbreakable)
(类)ironclad·firm=jammed·full=brilliant·smart
装甲的·坚固=拥挤的·满的=才华横溢的·聪明的(程度)
(同)inflexible, constant, fixed, immovable, immutable, inalterable
(例)an ironclad case against the defendant 一项针对被告的无懈可击的诉讼
jape [dVeip] n. v. 嘲弄(to make mocking fun of)
(反)revere ◆ jape at 尊敬 ◆ 嘲笑
(同)joke, crack, jest, quip
(记)谐音:雅皮。联想:雅皮很爱嘲笑别人俗气。
jargon [5dVB:^En] n. 行话(specialized or technical language of a trade, profession, similar group)
(类)vernacular·place=jargon·profession 方言·地方=行话·行业
(记)谐音:扎根。联想:扎根基层是所有行业的行话。
jaunty [5dVC:nti] adj.愉快的,满足的(sprightly in manner or appearance:lively)
(反)staid ◆ jaunty 沉静的 ◆ 轻快的
(记)来自genteel adj. 上流社会的
jejune [dVi5dVu·n] adj. 空洞的,不成熟的 (devoid of significance or interest·dull)
(类)labyrinthine·simplicity=jejune·interest 迷宫·简单的=内容空洞的·有趣的
(反)jejune ◆ thought provoking 内容空洞的 ◆ 促人思考的
(记)je 谐音:摘。June 六月。联想:六月摘的果子,当然是不成熟的。
jest [dVest] n. v. 说笑,玩笑(an utterance intended to be taken as mockery or humor)
(类)jeer·derision=reprimand·censure 嘲笑·嘲笑=.申斥·责难(同义)
(反)jest ◆ solemnity 玩笑 ◆ 严肃
jest ◆ solemn utterance 玩笑 ◆ 严肃的话
(同)joke, crack, drollery, jape, quip, waggery 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:46
jeopardy [5dVepEdi] n. 危险(exposure to or imminence of death, loss, or injury:danger)
(类)uninformative·fathom=jeopardy·overcome信息贫乏的难以彻底了解=危险难以克服
【注:uninformative :providing little or no information; not informative】
(记)谐音:窄坡地。联想:又窄又有坡的地方当然危险。
jettison [5dVetisn] vt. 丢弃(to get rid of as superfluous or encumbering · discard)
(反)jettison ◆ retain 丢弃 ◆ 保留
(例)must be prepared to jettison many romantic notions 必须准备抛弃一些浪漫的想法。
jibe [dVaib] vi.一致(to be in accord:agree)嘲笑
(反)jibe ◆ conflict 一致 ◆ 冲突
(同)agree, accord, conform, correspond
jocund [5dVCkEnd] adj. 快乐的,高兴的(suggestive of high spirits and lively mirthfulness)
(反)jocund ◆ dour/ dreary/ morose/ serious 欢乐的 ◆ 阴郁的/ 沉闷的/ 郁闷的/ 严肃的
(同)merry, blithe, blithesome, festive, gay, gleeful
jog [dVC^] n. 慢跑(a movement, pace, or instance of jogging as for exercise)
(类)jog·exercise=barter·trade 慢跑·运动=以物易物·交易(种属)
(记)观察一下,词形象不象自行车。
jolt [dVEult] vi. 颠簸而行,震摇(to cause to move with a sudden jerky motion)
(类)jolt·move=check·stop 颠簸·运动=突然中断·停止(动作程度)
(同)shock, startle 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:47
jot [dVCt] vt. 略记,摘要(to write briefly or hurriedly·set down in the form of a note)
(类)nip·eat=jot·write 小口吃·吃=略记·记下(前者是后者的小量)
(同)particle, bit, grain, iota, minim, modicum, speck, tittle, whit
juggernaut [5dVQ^E7nc:t] n. 势不可挡的力量(a massive inexorable force that crushes everything
in its path)
(类)juggernaut·unstoppable=enigma·impenetrable
势不可挡的力量是无法阻碍的=迷是难以理解的
juggernaut·stoppable=exacting·satisfied
不可挡的力量是难以可阻止的=苛求的是难以使满意的
siren·unresist=juggernaut·unstop 海妖的魅力无法抗拒=势不可挡的力量无法阻止
juggernaut·crush=charlatan·deceive=quisling·betray
势不可挡的力量·碾碎=江湖骗子·行骗=卖国贼·背叛(正面特征) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:47
kangaroo [7kAN^E5ru:] n. 袋鼠
(类)kangaroo·marsupial=squirrel·rodent 袋鼠 ·有袋类动物=松鼠·啮齿类动物 (种属)
ken [ken] n. 视野范围(the range of vision)
(类)earshot·hear=ken·see 听力范围·听=视野范围·看
(记)谐音:看。
kidnap [5kidnAp] vt. 诱拐,绑架,勒赎(to seize and detain by unlawful force or fraud or carry away
and often with a demand for ransom)
(类)kidnap:detainment=extortion:retribution 绑架是强行拘留=勒索是强求回报
(记)kid 小孩 nap 小睡,疏忽 联想:趁小孩小睡疏忽的时候将他绑架。
knead [ni:d] vt. 揉捏(to work and press into a mass with or as if with the hands)
(类)knead·malleable=penetrate·permeable 揉捏·可塑的=渗透·可渗透的
(记)谐音:泥的。联想:泥的当然可以揉捏了。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:48
knit [nit] v. 编织(to form by interlacing yarn or thread in a series of connected loops with needles)
(类)knit·yarn=plait·hair 编织·纱线=编辫子·头发(用后者实现前者)
needle·knit=loom·weave 针·编织=织布机·纺织
(反)ravel ◆ knit 解开 ◆ 编织
kudos [5ku:dCs] n. 名望, 荣誉, 声誉(award, honor; compliment, praise)
(反)kudos ◆ disparage 荣誉 ◆ 贬损
(同)accolade, badge, decoration, distinction, laurels
(例)to all three should go some kind of special kudo for refusing to succumb
(记)谐音:ku 酷。联想:很酷的DOS(微软最早的操作系统)为微软赢得了荣誉。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:48
lampoon [lAm5pu·n] n.讽刺文章v.讽刺(a harsh satire usually directed against an individual)
(类)panegyric·eulogize=lampoon·satirize 颂词·赞扬=讽刺文章·讽刺(同义)
satire·lampoon=diligence·effort 讽刺·讽刺=勤奋·努力 (同义)
(反)paean ◆ harshly lampoon 颂歌 ◆ 尖刻的讽刺
landfill [`lAndfIl] n. 垃圾堆(a system of trash and garbage disposal)
(类)cistern·liquids=landfill·refuse 蓄水池储存液体=垃圾堆储存垃圾
languid [5lAN^wid] adj.没精打采的,怠倦的(drooping or flagging from or as if from exhaustion:weak)
(类)desultory·plan=languid·energy 断断续续的缺乏计划=没精打采的缺乏精力
(反)languid ◆ energetic 懒散的 ◆ 有精力的
languid ◆ vehement/ vivacious 没精打采的 ◆ 激烈的/快活的
(例)doing the job in a slow and languid manner
(记)谐音:懒鬼。联想:懒鬼总是没精打采的。
languish [5lAn^wif] v.衰弱,变得消瘦(to be or become feeble, weak, or enervated)
(反)languish ◆ thrive 萧条,衰败 ◆ 欣欣向荣
(同)fail, decline, deteriorate, fade, flag, weaken 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:49
lank [lANk] adj. 瘦弱的,稀疏的(not well filled out:slender, thin)
(反)lank ◆ stalwart 瘦弱的 ◆ 强壮的
(记)比较:lark百灵鸟 联想:百灵鸟又小又弱。参考:lanky adj. 瘦长的
lapse [lAps] n. 过失,小错(a slight error typically due to forgetfulness or inattention)
(类)lapse·error=misbehavior·criminality 小过错·错误=轻罪·犯罪(程度)
misdemeanor·crime=lapse·error 轻罪·罪行=小错·错误 (程度)
larder [5lB:dE] n. 食物贮藏室,食品橱(a place where food is stored:pantry)
(类)larder·food=wardrobe·clothes 食物柜储存食物=衣柜储存衣物
larder·provisions=vault·valuables 食物柜储存供应品=地窖储存贵重物品
larder·food··armory·munitions 食品橱:食物=军械库:军需品
lariat [5lAriEt] n.套索(a long light rope used with a running noose to catch livestock or tether grazing animals:lasso)
(类)lariat·wrangler=crook·shepherd 套索·牧马者=牧杖·牧羊者(职业及其工具)
lash [lAF] v. 捆扎,绑紧(to bind with or as if with a line)
(反)lash ◆ unbind 捆住 ◆ 解开
lassitude [5lAsitjud] n.疲乏无力,没精打采(a condition of weariness or debility:fatigue)
(类)arrogance·defer=lassitude·stir 傲慢难以服从=疲乏难以激起
(反)lassitude ◆ verve/vim/animation 倦怠 ◆ 活力/活力/精力
lassitude ◆ vitality/ebullience 疲倦 ◆ 活力/热情
lassitude ◆ a feeling of vigor 疲倦 ◆ 活力
lassitude ◆ effervesce 疲乏 ◆ 兴奋
(记)注意观察词的开头L+ass(驴) 联想:懒驴总是没精打采。
latent [5leitEnt] adj. 潜伏的,潜在的(present and capable of becoming though not now visible)
(类)latency·response=incubation·disease 潜伏过后发生反应=潜伏过后疾病发作
(反)latent ◆ menifest 潜在的 ◆ 明显的
(同)abeyant, dormant, lurking, potential, prepatent, quiescent 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:49
lathe [leiT] n. 车床
(类)lathe·shape=clasp·fasten 车床用来成型·扣子用来扣紧
latitude [5lAtitju·d] n. 行动或言论的自由(freedom from normal limitations, or regulations)
(反)latitude ◆ strict limitation 自由 ◆ 严格的限制
latitude ◆ constrained 自由 ◆ 被限制的
leaven [5levEn] vt. 使发酵,影响(to raise as bread with a leaven)
(类)distill·purity=leaven·volume 蒸馏提高纯度=发酵扩张体积
leer [liE] vi. 斜视,一瞥(to cast a sidelong glance)
(类)stare·leer=peruse·smatter 凝视·斜视=精读·涉猎(反义) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:50
leery [5liEri] adj. 可疑的,怀疑的;机警的(suspicious or distrustful;wary)
(反)leery ◆ showing no doubt 怀疑的 ◆ 毫不怀疑的
(记) 来自leer,怀疑的时候往往会斜着眼看
legacy [5le^Esi] n.遗产(money or property bequeathed to another by will)
(类)legacy·predecessor=gift·donor 遗产来自先人=赠品来自捐赠者
legacy·predecessor=endowment·patron 遗产来自前辈=捐赠来自捐赠者
legend [5ledVEnd] n. 传奇,图例(an explanatory list of the symbols on a map or chart)
(类)glossary·text=legend·map 文本注释文字列表·文本=地图说明文字列表·地图
(反)legendary ◆ obscure 传奇的,杰出的 ◆ 无名的,不杰出的
(记)联想集团的英文名。
legion [5li:dVEn] n. 兵团;众多,大量(a very large number:multitude)
(反)legion ◆ lack in number 大量 ◆ 少量
(记)[来自]古罗马的一个兵团人数非常众多,有3000到6000人。
lenient [5li:nient] adj. 不苛刻的(inclined not to be strict)仁慈的,宽厚的(merciful)
(类)martinet·leniency=dabbler·dedication 严格者缺乏宽厚态度=涉猎者缺乏投入精神
(同)gentle, balmy, bland, mild
(记)谐音:列宁。联想:列宁是多么的宽厚。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:50
levity [5leviti] n. 轻浮 多变(excessive or unseemly frivolity;lack of steadiness)
(反)levity ◆ gravity/ seriousness 轻浮 ◆ 严肃
(同) lightness, flightiness, flippancy, frivolity, volatility
(记)lev(上升)参考:levy 征税。 Levitate使浮于空中。
lexicographer [7leksi5kC^rEfE] n. 辞典编纂者(an author or editor of a dictionary)
(类)cartographer·map=weaver·cloth=lexicographer·dictionary
制图家·地图=织布者·布=编辞典者·辞典 (人及其工作成品)
(记)lex(词语)参考:lexicon 辞典。
liability [7laiE5biliti] n. 责任,债务(something for which one is liable; esp. pecuniary obligation)
(类)exempt·liability=pardon·penalty 免除债务=宽恕罪过(消除关系)
(反)asset ◆ liability 资产 ◆ 负债
liability ◆ immunity 责任 ◆ 豁免权
liberalist [`lIbErElIst] n. 自由者(the quality or state of being liberal)
(反)liberalist ◆ enfetterist 自由者 ◆ 被束缚者
libertine [5libEtin] n. 放荡不羁者(a person who is unrestrained by convention or morality;
specifically:one leading a dissolute life)
(类)caviler·carping=libertine·licentious 吹毛求疵者·吹毛求疵的=放荡不羁者·放肆的
libertine·dissolute=sycophant·obsequious 放荡不羁者·放荡的=谄媚者·谄媚的
ludicrous·buffoon=dissolute·libertine=humorous·wag
滑稽的·小丑=放荡的·放荡者·幽默的·诙谐者
(反)libertine ◆ ascetic 放荡不羁者 ◆ 禁欲者 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-23 09:50
libretto [li5bretEu] n. 剧本(the text of a work as an opera for the musical theater)
(类)libretto·opera=lyrics·song 剧本·歌剧=歌词·歌曲
(记)以o为结尾多与音乐有关
licentious [lai5senFEs] adj.放纵的,纵欲的(lacking legal or moral restraints)
(类)voluble·verbosity=licentious·dissoluteness 健谈的·多话=放荡的·放荡
(反)licentiousness ◆ moral restrain 放纵而不受道德限制 ◆ 道德限制
(同)abandoned, dissolute, profligate
lien [li:En] n.扣押权,留置权(legal claim until a debt on it is repaid)
(类)lien·claim=subpoena·command 扣押权是法律意义上的权利=传票是法律意义上的命令
n. vi. 倾斜(a deviation from the vertical:tilt; to tilt to one side)
(反)list ◆ upright/ be upright 倾斜 ◆ 垂直
(记)由倾斜引申倾向,再引申渴望。参考:listless 无渴望的,无精打采的。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:12
lithe [laiT] adj. 柔软的,优雅的(characterized by easy flexibility and grace)
(反)lithe ◆ awkward 优雅的 ◆ 笨拙的
lithe ◆ inelastic 柔软的 ◆ 无弹性的
(同)supple, limber, lissome, lithesome
(例)treading with a lithe silent step
loath [lEuW] adj. 不情愿的,勉强的(unwilling to do something contrary to one's ways of thinking)
(反)loath ◆ eager 不情愿的 ◆ 渴望的
loathsome ◆ delectable 讨厌的 ◆ 使人愉快的
(同)disinclined, afraid, averse, hesitant, indisposed, reluctant, uneager
lottery [5lCtEri] n. 抽彩,抓阄(contest in which winners are selected in a drawing of lots)
(类)lottery·raffle= ?? 抽彩·抽彩(同义)
干扰:ticket·admission =入场券·入场(行为动作及其凭证)
【注】raffle :a lottery in which a number of persons buy chances to win a prize
此题谬种流传很长时间。lottery并无奖券的意思。这个意思的词是lots,chances。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:13
loutish [`laJtIF] adj. 粗鲁的(resembling or befitting a clumsy,stupid fellow)
(类)coltish·discipline=loutish·grace 不受拘束的人不会守纪律=粗鲁的人不会优雅
(反)genteel ◆ loutish 有教养的 ◆ 粗鲁的
(同)boorish, churlish, cloddish
lubricate [5lu:brikeit] vt. 使润滑(to make smooth or slippery)
(类)oil·lubricate=antiseptic·disinfect 油用来润滑=杀菌剂用来消毒
lubricate·abrasion=seal·leakage 润滑防止磨损=密封防止渗漏
lucid [5lu:sid] adj. 清澈的,明晰易懂的(clear to the understanding·intelligible)
(类)lucid·perceive=transparent·understand=prominent·notice
明晰的容易觉察=明显的容易理解=杰出的容易注意
(反)lucid ◆ murky / vague / obfuscated 清晰的 ◆ 模糊的
lucubration [7lju:kju5breiFEn] n. 刻苦钻研,苦心的著作laborious or intensive study
(反)lucubration ◆ cursory consideration 刻苦钻研 ◆ 草草了事 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:13
lug [lQ^] v. 拖,拉(to carry laboriously)
(类)lug·carry=trudge·walk 拖拉是艰难地运送=跋涉是艰难地走
lullaby [5lQlEbai] n. 摇篮曲 (a song to quiet children or lull them to sleep)
(类)lullaby·song=diatribe·discourse 摇篮曲·歌曲=谩骂·谈话(种属) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:13
lumber [5lQmbE] vi. 笨重地行动(to move ponderously; stumble)
(类)lumber·grace=waver·resolution 笨重地行动不优雅=犹豫没有决心
(反)lumber ◆ glide 笨重地行动 ◆ 平滑不费力地滑动
(例)the tired old man slowly lumbered home
lumen [`lju:min] n. 流明(亮度单位)(a unit of luminous)
(类)lumen·light=decibel·sound=volt·electricity=watt·power
分贝·声音=伏·电流=瓦·功率=流明·亮度
luminary [5luminEri] n. 杰出人物,名人(a person of prominence or brilliant achievement)
(类)master/maven·experience=luminary·eminence 专家/ 行家有经验=杰出人物显赫
lurch [lE:tF] vi. 举步蹒跚 (to move forward unsteadily while swaying from side to side)
(反)lurch ◆ progress smoothly 举步蹒跚 ◆ 平稳前进
(例)the sodden drunk lurched uncertainly toward the door 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:13
lurk [lE:k] vi. 潜藏,潜伏(to lie in wait in a place of concealment especially for an evil purpose)
(类)lurk·wait=abscond·depart=hoard·save 潜伏·等候=潜逃·离开=密藏·保存
(干扰:purloin·appropriate 偷窃·盗用)
lurk·concealment=espouse·marriage=purloin·appropriation
潜伏·潜藏=嫁娶·结婚=偷窃·占用(种属)
(同)sneak, creep, gumshoe, pussyfoot, skulk, slide, slink, slip
lush [lQF] adj. 苍翠繁茂的(growing vigorously especially with luxuriant foliage)
(反)sere ◆ lush 干枯的 ◆ 苍翠繁茂的
lustrous [5lQstrEs] adj. 有光泽的,光辉的(reflecting light evenly and efficiently without glitter or sparkle)
(类)numb·insensible=burnish·lustrous 麻木使无知觉=磨光使有光泽
lustrous·polish=pure·refine 擦亮就会有光泽的=精炼就会纯净的
(同)burnished, gleaming, glistening, glossy, polished
(例)the lustrous glow of an opal 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:13
luxury [5lQkFEri] adj. 奢侈,奢华(a condition of abundance or great ease and comfort)
(类)ascetic·luxury=teetotaler·alcohol 禁欲者不嗜奢华=禁酒者不嗜饮酒
luxuriant/luxuriouss ◆ partan 奢华的 ◆ 简朴的
(例)the poor cannot even afford the essentials, let alone occasional luxuries
mattress [5mAtris] n. 床垫
(类)tablecloth·table=sheet·mattress 桌布·桌子=床单·床垫
maudlin [5mC:dlin] adj. 多愁善感的,感情脆弱的(weakly and effusively sentimental)
(类)maudlin·sentiment=pedantic·scholarship
感情脆弱的形容过分脆弱的对待感情=书生气的形容过分迂腐的对待学问
maudlin·sentimental=obsequious·deferential (干扰:peeved·annoyed 同义)
感情脆弱的·多愁善感的=谄媚的·恭顺的(褒贬+程度)
【注:deference:respect and esteem due a superior or an elder ; also:affected or
ingratiating regard for another's wishes 恭敬,迎合】
(反)maudlin ◆ jovial 感伤的 ◆ 高兴的
(同)sentimental, bathetic, mawkish
maven [`meIvIn] n. 专家,行家 (one who is experienced or knowledgeable:expert)
(类)maven·experience=luminary·eminence=augur·prediction
专家·经验=权威者·显赫=预言者·预言(人物正面特征)
(同)expert, authority, master, virtuoso 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:18
maverick [5mAvErik] n. 特立独行之人(an independent individual not go along with a group)
(类)dissenter·orthodox=maverick·group 持不同政见者背离正统=特立独行者背离团体
maverick·conformity=extrovert·reserve 特立独行者不和别人一致=性格外向者不内敛
(反)maverick ◆ follower 特立独行之人 ◆ 追随者
maverick ◆ conform to tradition 特立独行的 ◆ 遵从传统的
(记)NBA小牛队的名称就是maverick
measured [5meVEd] adj. 标准的(marked by due proportion)
(反)measured ◆ inappropriate 标准的 ◆ 不适当的
meddle [5medl] vi. 干涉,管闲事(interfere without right or propriety)
(类)officious·meddle=disaffected·rebel 好管闲事的·管闲事=有叛意的·反叛
meddlesome·pry=contentious·argue 好管闲事的人喜欢打探=好争吵的人喜欢争吵
attentive·meddlesome=envious·jealous 留意的·好管闲事的=羡慕的·嫉妒的(褒贬程度)
(同)busybody, interfere, interlope, intermeddle, tamper(with)
(例)continually meddling in other people's affairs 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:18
media [5mi:djE] n. 媒体,营养基(a nutrient system for the artificial cultivation of cells or bacteria)
(类)plantation·tobacco=media·bacteria 种植园种植烟草=营养基培养细菌
medley [5medli] n. 混合,混杂;集成曲(a musical composition made up of a series of songs)
(类)montage·images=medley·songs 蒙太奇·图像=集成曲·歌曲 (组成关系) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:18
melodrama [5melEdrB:mE] n. 情节剧(a work as a movie or play characterized by extravagant theatricality and by the predominance of plot and physical action over characterization)
(类)melodrama·subtlety=chimera·authenticity 情节剧缺乏微妙之处=梦幻缺乏真实性
membrane [5membrein] n.薄膜,细胞膜(a thin soft pliable sheet or layer especially of animal or plant origin)
(类)pore·membrane=door·room 气孔是薄膜的入口=门是房间的入口
cell·membrane=seed·hull 细胞·细胞膜=种子·外壳
menace [5menEs] v. 恐吓,威胁(to make a show of intention to harm)
(类)odious·disgust=menacing·fear=blatant·arrest
令人作呕的·引起恶心反感=威胁的·害怕=炫耀的·吸引(因果)
odious·repugnance=menacing·fear 可厌的令人反感=威胁的令人害怕
(同)compromise, hazard, imperil, jeopard 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:19
metaphor [5metEfE] n. 隐喻,暗喻 (figurative language)
(类)metaphor·literal=melody·spoken 比喻·文字上的=悦耳音调·口头的(前者比后者美丽)
insect·butterfly=philosophy·metaphysics 昆虫·蝴蝶=哲学·形而上学(种属)
metamorphose [7metE5mC:fEuz] vt.变形,变质,改变(change strikingly the appearance of· transform)
(反)metamorphose ◆ remain unaltered 改变 ◆ 保持不变
metamorphosis ◆ continuation without change 变形 ◆ 保持原形
(例)You are so metamorphosed i can hardly think you my master.
meteoric [7mi:ti5Crik] adj. 流星的,昙花一现(resembling a meteor in speed or in sudden and temporary brilliance)
(类)fleeting·pass=meteoric·rise 飞逝的很快经过又消失=流星般的很快发生又消失
meteoric·constancy=archaic·currency 昙花一现的·恒久不变=过时的·现存
(反)meteoric ◆ plodding 疾速的 ◆ 沉重缓慢的
meteoric ◆ gradual 昙花一现的 ◆ 逐渐的
(例)a meteoric rise to fame
(记)meteor (流星)met (相遇)联想:人丛中两人的相遇就象流星闪过一样匆匆而过。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:19
meteorology [7mi:tjE5rClEdVi] n. 气象学(a science that deals with weather and weather forecasting)
migratory [5mai^rEtEri] adj. 迁移的,流浪的(wandering, roving)
(反)migratory ◆ sedentary 迁移的 ◆ 不迁移的
(同)migrative, mobile
(例)the study of migratory birds
mime [maim] vt. vi. 摸拟表演(to act a part with mimic gesture and action usually without words)
(类)parody·style=mime·gesture 拙劣的模仿·样式=哑剧·手势(事物及其特征化方式)
charade·word=mime·story 用手势表示的字谜·字=哑剧·故事
mimicry·camouflage=mutation·variation 模仿:伪装=变化:变化(同义)
注:无论是模仿还是伪装都是取事物的相似之处加以利用。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:19
minaret [5minEret] n. 尖塔(a tall slender tower of a mosque)
(类)spire·church=minaret·mosque 塔尖·教堂=尖塔·清真寺 (建筑物及其顶端)
mince [5mins] vi. 小步走(to walk with short steps in a prim affected manner)
(类)mince·walk=sip·drink 小步走·走=小口饮·喝
(类)stride·mince=quaff·sip 迈大步走·碎步走=大口喝·啜饮(程度)
mindful adj. 留心的(inclined to be aware)
(反)mindful ◆ unaware 留心的 ◆ 没察觉到的
mingle [5min^l] v. 混合(to bring or mix together)
(反)mingle ◆ separate 混合 ◆ 分离
(同)mix , commingle, immingle, intermingle, meld, merge 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:20
minion [5minjEn] n. 奴才(a servile dependent, follower, or underling)
(类)minion·dependent=groveler·petitioner 奴才·依赖者=卑恭屈节者·请求者
mire [5maiE] vt. 使陷于泥泞,使陷入困境(to hamper or hold back as if by mire:entangle)
(反)mire ◆ extricate 使陷入困境 ◆ 使解脱
(记)mire=admire(崇拜)去掉ad(广告),联想:被崇拜的明星如果没了广告就会陷入困境。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:20
mirth [mE:W] n.欢乐,欢笑(gladness or gaiety as shown by or accompanied with laughter)
(类)mirth·laughter=approval·applause 因欢乐而笑=因赞成而鼓掌
(例)a man of contentment, but seldom of mirth
(记)mirth看成my+birth 联想:我的生日充满欢笑(韦青网友提供)
misanthrope [5mIsEnWrEJp] n. 厌恶人类者(a person who hates or distrusts mankind)
(类)misanthrope·humane=ascetic·voluptuary 厌恶人类者·人道的=苦行者·耽于酒色的
misanthrope·people=xenophobe·strangers 厌恶人类者:人=仇外者:外人,陌生人
(记)mis 不+ anthrope人类学→厌恶人类
【注:mis 作为前缀有三层意思。1、bad, wrong 2、not 3、强调 】
misdemeanor [7misdi5mi:nE] n.不轨的行为,轻罪(a crime less serious than a felony)
(类)crime·misdemeanor=commitment·decision 犯罪·轻罪=承诺·决心 (程度)
misdemeanor·crime=lapse·error 轻罪·罪=小错误·谬误,差错(程度)
(记)mis错+ demeanor行为,风度→行为不当,轻罪
miser [5maizE] n. 守财奴,吝啬鬼(one who is extremely stingy with money)
(类)miser·munificent=zealot·blase 吝啬鬼·慷慨的=热心者·冷漠的
miser·parsimonious=spendthrift·prodigal 吝啬鬼·吝啬的=挥霍者·奢侈的(典特)
miser·hoard=dandy·preen 守财奴好贮藏=花花公子好打扮
parsimony·miser=rebelliousness·insurgent 吝啬·守财奴=造反·暴动者
miser·thrift··chauvinist·patriotism 吝啬鬼过分的节约=盲目的爱国主义者盲目爱国
(反)spendthrift ◆ miser 挥霍者 ◆ 守财奴
misfortune [mis5fC:tFEn] n. 不幸(a distressing or unfortunate incident or event)
(反)boon ◆ misfortune 幸运 ◆ 不幸
(记)mis + fortune(运气)→坏运气 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:21
misgiving [mis5^iviN] n. 疑虑,担心(a feeling of suspicion especially concerning a future event)
(反)misgiving ◆ certainty 疑虑 ◆ 必定
(反)compunction ◆ absence of misgiving 后悔 ◆ 没有疑虑
(记)参考:forgive 原谅;一起记:have a misgiving without being forgived担心不被原谅。
misrepresent [5mis7repri5zent] vt. 不如实的叙述,误传(to give a false or misleading representation
of usually with an intent to deceive or be unfair)
(类)tamper·adjust=misrepresent·communicate 篡改是错误的修改=误传是错误的传达 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:21
mite [mait] n. 微生物,螨虫
(类)mite·creature=speck·amount 微生物·生物=少量·量 (种属)
(记)螨虫非常非常小,所以每个人都有螨虫的。
mitigate [5miti^eit] v. 减轻,使缓和(to make less severe or painful)
(类)mitigate·severe=qualify·general 使严重的减轻=使普通的具有资格
(反)mitigate ◆ exacerbate 缓和,减轻 ◆ 使加剧
(同)relieve, allay, alleviate, assuage, mollify
(记)miti(谐音:媒体)联想:媒体给人们带来信息和欢乐,能够减轻人们的焦虑和痛苦。
mnemonics [ni:`mCnIks] n. 记忆术(a technique of improving the memory)
(类)regiment·health=mnemonics·memory 养生法为了促进健康=助记法为了促进记忆
mnemonics·remember=staff·walk 助记法帮助记忆=拐杖帮助行走
mockery [5mCkEri] n. 嘲弄,笑柄,歪曲 (a subject of laughter, derision, or sport)
(类)diatribe·abuse=burlesque·mockery 抨击·咒骂=用文字模仿以讽刺·嘲弄(程度)
mock·imitate=taunt·challenge (以模仿方式)嘲弄:模仿=(以挑战方式)嘲弄:挑战
(同)burlesque, caricature, farce, mock, sham, travesty
(例)arbitrary methods make a mockery of justice. 专断的方法是对正义的嘲弄
(记)mock 嘲笑+ -ery 名词后缀 比较monk 联想:和尚经常成为嘲笑的对象
moderate [5mCdErit] vt. 节制,使稳定,使缓和(to lessen the intensity or extremeness of)
(类)exorbitant·moderation=perfidious·loyalty 过分的·温和的=不忠的·忠心
moderate· intensity =extenuate·seriousness 缓和·强度=减轻·严重性
(记)moderate 也做形容词,中等的,适量的
modicum [5mCdikEm] n. 少量(a small portion:a limited quantity)
(类)inkling·knowledge=modicum·quantity 小知识·知识=小量·量(程度)
(反)modicum ◆ large amount 少量 ◆ 大量
(同)particle, atom, grain, iota, minim, molecule, ounce, scrap 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:21
molar [5mEulE] n. 臼齿, 磨牙(a tooth with a broad crown used to grind food)
(类)rib·bone=molar·tooth 肋骨·骨头=臼齿·牙齿 (种属)
(记)谐音:毛驴。联想:毛驴拉磨;由磨联想磨牙,臼齿。
molding [5mEuldiN] n. 嵌线(a decorative plane or curved strip used for ornamentation or finishing)
(类)hem·garment=molding·cabinet 褶边·衣服=嵌线·橱柜
mollify [5mClifai] v. 平息,缓和,使变软(to soothe in temper or disposition:appease)
(类)mollification·soothe=indemnity·secure 安抚是为了使安心=保险是为了保护
mollify·anger=heart·dejection 缓和消除怒火=鼓励消除颓丧
(反)antagonize 使敌对反对 ire忿怒 rouse唤醒 vex使恼怒 pique激怒
discomfit 挠乱 exasperate激怒 bait使生气 disaffect使敌对 nettle激怒
rankle激怒 incite to anger /rouse to anger 激怒/惹怒
mollification ◆ inflammation 缓和 ◆ 怒火
mollycoddle [5mClikCdl] vt. 溺爱 (a pampered or effeminate man or boy)
(类)chide·pillory=humor·mollycoddle 叱责·示众=迁就·溺爱(程度)
(反)mollycoddle ◆ treat harshly 溺爱 ◆ 粗鲁的对待 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:22
molt [mEult] n. v. 换毛,脱皮(ecdysis)
(类)molt·bird=slough·snake 鸟换毛=蛇蜕皮
molt·feathers=shed·hair 脱毛掉羽毛=脱发掉头发
【注:to cast off some natural covering(as fur or skin)
例:the cat is shedding 猫正在脱毛】
(反)fledging ◆ molt 长羽毛 ◆ 换毛
momentum [mEu5mentEm] n. 势头,动力(a property of a moving body that the body has by virtue of its mass and motion and that is equal to the product of the body's mass and velocity)
(类)vacillate·swing=momentum·scutter 犹豫·动摇=动力·疾走(因果关系)
oscillation·swing=momentum·scooter 振荡·秋千=动力·划板(后者运动需要前者)
montage n. 蒙太奇(the production of a rapid succession of images in a motion picture to illustrate an association of ideas)
(类)zigzag:turns=montage:images 之字型:转弯=蒙太奇:图画(后者组成前者)
moratorium [7mCrE5tC:riEm] n. 延期,暂缓施行(a suspension of an ongoing or planned activity)
(类)reprieve·punishment=moratorium·activity 缓刑是暂缓实施惩罚=延期是暂缓实施行为
fast·eat=moratorium·act 斋戒是暂停吃饭=延期是暂停行动
moratorium·activity=respite·labor=tourniquet·bleeding
延期是暂停活动=休息是暂停劳动=止血器使出血暂停(延期和正常) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:22
mordant [5mC:dEnt] adj. 讥讽的,尖酸的(biting and caustic in thought, manner, or style·incisive)
(反)mordant ◆ genial 尖酸的 ◆ 和蔼的
(同)caustic, scathing, trenchant
moribund [5mC:ribQnd] adj. 即将结束的,垂死的(being in the state of dying·approaching death)
(反)moribund ◆ beginning/nascent 即将结束的 ◆ 开端/初生的
moribund ◆ increasingly vital 垂死的 ◆ 日益充满生机的
moribund ◆ current 垂死的 ◆ 现存的(occurring in or existing at the present time)
mortar [5mC:tE] n. 小臼,乳钵(a strong vessel in which material is pounded/rubbed with a pestle)
(类)hammer·anvil=pestle·mortar 铁锤·铁砧=杵·小臼(配对工具)
mortar·grind=vat·dye 小臼:碾碎=染缸:染色(容器及其用途)
mosque [mCsk] n. 清真寺(a building used for public worship by muslims)
(类)spire·church=minaret·mosque 塔尖·教堂=尖塔·清真寺(顶和建筑物)
moth-eaten adj. 虫蛀的,过时的
(反)moth-eaten ◆ fresh and new 虫蛀的, 破旧的, 过时的 ◆ 崭新的
motile [5mEutail] adj. 能动的,有自动力的(exhibiting or capable of movement)
(反)motility ◆ stasis 运动 ◆ 静止 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:23
motivate [5mEutiveit] v. 促使,激发(to provide with a motive·impel)
(类)exculpatory·absolve=motivational·stir 辩明无罪的·赦免=激发的·激动(行为及结果)
exhortation·motivate=invective·discredit 规劝·激励=痛骂·不信任(前者表达后者)
fungi·ecologist=motivation·psychologist 菌类·生态学者=行为的动机·心理学家
(同)provoke, excite, galvanize, innervate, innerve, move, pique, quicken, rouse, stimulate
(例)questions that excite and motivate youth
motley [5mCtli] adj. 杂色的,混杂的(variegated in colorcomposed of diverse elements)
(反)motley ◆ colorless/unique/ unvaried 杂色的 ◆ 无色的/唯一的,单色/没变化的
(同) variegated, dappled, discolor, multicolor, multihued, versicolored
mottle [5mCtl] vt. 使成杂色 (to mark with spots of different color or shades of color as if stained)
(类)striated·groove=mottled·spot 有条纹的·条纹=斑驳的·斑点(形修饰名)
(反)mottle ◆ blanch 使成杂色 ◆ 使变白
mottled ◆ homogenious/ solidary 斑驳的 ◆ 均匀的/ 一致的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:23
movement [5mu:vmEnt] n. 乐章
(类)stanza·poem=movement·orchestra
诗节是诗歌写作的一种结构方式=乐章是管弦乐队演奏的一种结构方式
muddy [5mQdi] adj. 浑浊的,不明晰的(lacking in clarity or brightness)
(反)muddy ◆ clarity 浑浊的 ◆ 清晰
(同)cloudy, dull
(例)playing in the wet field, he got his shoes all muddy
muffle [5mQfl] vt. 围裹(to wrap up so as to conceal or protect)压低声音(to deaden the sound of)
(类)muffle·sound=assuage·grief 压低声音·声音=缓和·悲痛
muffler·neck=mitten·hand 围巾·脖子=手套·手
【注:muffler :a scarf worn around the neck】
(反)muffled ◆ plangent/ resonant 声音低沉的 ◆ 轰鸣的/声音洪亮的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:23
mumble [5mQmbl] vt. vi. 喃喃而语,咕哝(to utter with a low inarticulate voice)
(反)enunciate ◆ mumble (清楚地)表达 ◆ 咕哝
(同)murmur
(例)embarrassed, he mumbled an apology
munificent [mju(:)5nifisnt] adj. 慷慨的,丰厚的(characterized by great liberality or generosity)
(类)miser·munificent=zealot·blasé 守财奴·慷慨的=热心者·厌烦于亨乐(反面特征)
(反)munificence ◆ stinginess 慷慨 ◆ 小气
(同)liberal, bounteous, freehanded, generous
mural [5mjuErEl] adj. 墙壁的n. 壁画,壁饰(a mural work of art as a painting)
(类)petrography·rock=mural·wall 岩相学·岩石=壁画·墙 (事物及其对象)
murky [5mE:ki] adj. 黑暗的,朦胧的(dark and gloomy; thick with fog; vague)
(反)murky ◆ clear/ limpid/ pellucid 朦胧的 ◆ 清澈的,清晰的
murmur [5mE:mE] n. v. 低语(a low indistinct but often continuous sound)
(类)croon·sing=murmur·speak 低声歌唱·歌唱=低声说话·说话
glimmer·dazzle=murmur·resound 闪光·受强光而目眩=低声说话·响亮地说出(程度) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:23
mutate [mju:5teit] v. (使)改变(to cause to undergo change)
(反)mutate ◆ remain the same 改变 ◆ 不变
(同)transform, commute, metamorphose, transfigure, transmute
mute [mju:t] vt. 减弱…的声音(to muffle, reduce, or eliminate the sound of)使柔和(to tone down:soften, subdue)
(类)muted·color=muffled·sound 使颜色柔和=使声音降低
mutter·indistinct=drone·monotonous 嘀咕·不清楚的=嗡嗡声·单调的(典型特征)
(反)mute ◆ amplify 减弱声音 ◆ 扩大声音
mutter [5mQtE] v. 咕哝, 嘀咕(to utter sounds or words indistinctly or with a low voice)
(反)mutter ◆ speak distinctly 说话嘀咕不清楚 ◆ 说话清楚
myopic [maI5RpIk] adj. 近视的,缺乏远见的(a lack of foresight or discernment)
(反)myopic ◆ discerning 缺乏远见的 ◆ 有辨别力的
myopia ◆ prescience 短见 ◆ 预见
(例)so myopic that he used glasses even to read
nadir [5neidiE] n. 最低点(the lowest point)
(反)nadir ◆ summit/acme 最低点 ◆ 顶点
nadir ◆ topmost point 最低点 ◆ 最高点
naive [nB:5i:v] adj. 天真的,纯朴的(deficient in worldly wisdom or informed judgment; credulous)
(类)guile·naif=tardy·prompt 狡诈·天真=拖拉·迅速
(反)worldly ◆ na?ve 世故的 ◆ 纯朴的
narcissism [5nB:sisizEm] n. 自恋(love of or sexual desire for one's own body)
(类)narcissist·self absorbed=sycophant·obsequious 自恋者·自我迷恋的=马屁精·谄媚的
narcissism·love=guilt·blame 自恋是爱自己=自责是谴责自己
nascent [5nAsnt] adj. 新生的(coming or having recently come into existence)
(反)nascent ◆ fully established/ nascent 新生的 ◆ 完全确立的/ 将死的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:24
negation [ni5^eiFEn] n. 否定, 拒绝(a negative statement, judgment, or doctrine; especially:a logical proposition formed by asserting the falsity of a given proposition)
(反)negation ◆ affirmation 否定 ◆ 肯定
negligence [5ne^lidVEns] n. 疏忽(the quality or state of being not taking prudent care)
(反)negligence ◆ care 疏忽 ◆ 注意
(例)negligent about writing a note of thanks
neologism [ni:5RlEdVIzm] n. 新语(新词, 新用法,新表达法)(a new word, usage, or expression)
(反)neologism ◆ archaism/ well-established expression 新语 ◆ 古语/ 旧表达法 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:25
negotiate [ni5^EuFieit] vi. 商议,谈判,交涉(to confer with another so as to arrive at the settlement of some matter)
(类)clog·drainage=stalemate·negotiations
堵塞·下水道=胶着状态·谈判,协商 (事物及其特殊状态)
negotiator·aggrement= mediation·compromise 谈判者·协议=调停者·妥协(目的)
(反)tenacious ◆ negotiable 固执的 ◆ 可商量的
(例)negotiate a treaty
neophyte [5ni(:)Eufait] n.初学者,新信徒(a new convert·proselyte)
(类)inexperience·neophyte=irresponsibility·wastrel
无经验·新信徒,开始者=不承担责任的人·败家子
neophyte·experience=boor·sensitivity 新信徒无阅历=粗野的人不敏感
nepotism [5nepEtizEm] n.裙带关系,偏袒亲属(favoritism as in appointment to a job based on
kinship)
(类)nepotism·relative=cronyism·friend 裙带关系·亲戚=任人唯亲·朋友(动宾)
nepotism·kinship=jingoist·nationality
裙带关系是不正常爱亲戚=沙文主义是不正常爱国家 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:25
nerve [nE:v] vt. 鼓起勇气(to give strength or courage to ) n. 神经,胆量
(反)appall ◆ nerve 使胆寒 ◆ 鼓起勇气
nervy ◆ diffident 有勇气的 ◆ 缺乏自信的
nettle [5netl] v. 烦忧,激恼(to arouse to sharp but transitory annoyance or anger)
(反)nettle ◆ conciliate/ mollify 激怒 ◆ 安抚
nexus [5neksEs] n. 连结,连系,核心,中心(connection,link; a connected group or series; center,
focus)
(反)nexus ◆ disconnected components 相互连结的一组,一系列 ◆ 不连贯的成分
nexus ◆ trivial point 核心 ◆ 微不足道的问题
nibble [5nibl] v. 小口咬(to eat or chew in small bits)
(类)quaff·sip=gobble·nibble 痛饮·啜饮=狼吞虎咽·小口咬
nip [nip] v. 一口饮酒(to take liquor in nips)
(类)nip·eat=jot·write 小口饮酒·吃=略记·写(程度)
nitpick [nitpik] v. 挑剔,吹毛求疵
(类)fluent·glib=meticulous·nitpick/finicky
流利的·口齿伶俐的=很仔细的·吹毛求疵/苛求的(褒贬程度)
nitpick·criticize=cavil·object 吹毛求疵·批评=苛责·反对(过分的后者导致前者)
nitpicker·criticize=preacher·sermon=quibbler·cavil
吹毛求疵者·责备=传教士·布道=吹毛求疵的人·吹毛求疵(人物典型特征)
nocturnal [nCk5tE:nl] adj. 夜间发生的,夜曲的(of, relating to, or occurring in the night)
(反)nocturnal ◆ happen during daytime/ diurnal 夜间发生的 ◆ 白天发生的/ 每日的,昼间的
noisome [5nCisEm] adj. 有害的,有毒的(noxious, harmful) 恶臭的(offensive to the senses and especially to the sense of smell) 非常讨厌的(highly obnoxious or objectionable)
(反)noisome ◆ appealing/ pleasant 令人讨厌的 ◆ 有吸引力的/令人愉快的
noisome ◆ attractively fragrant 恶臭的 ◆ 具有迷人香味的
noisome ◆ beneficial/ healthy 有害的 ◆ 有益的/令人愉快的/健康的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:26
nomad [5nEumAd] n. 流浪者, 游牧民(a member of a people who have no fixed residence)
(类)nomad·domicile=freelancer·employer 游牧民无固定住所=自由作家无顾主
(反)nomadic ◆ settled 游牧的 ◆ 定居的
nonentity [nC5nentiti] n. 不存在,不重要之人(a person of little consequence or significance)
(类)dilettante·commitment=nonentity·consequenc
业余爱好者缺乏义务=不重要之人缺乏重要性
(反)mogul ◆ nonentity 显要人物 ◆ 不重要的人
nonplus [5nCn5plQs] vt. 使困惑,使进退两难(to put at a loss as to what to do;bewilder)
(类)infuriate·rage=nonplus·perplexity 激怒使人大怒=使困惑使人困惑(行为及其影响)
nonsense [5nCnsEns] n. 胡言乱语(words or language having no meaning or conveying no
intelligible ideas)
(类)nonsensical·drivel=pompous·bombast 胡言乱语的·胡言乱语=虚夸的·夸大的言词
notch [nCtF] vt. 刻痕(to cut or make a notcha usually v-shaped depression in an edge or surface)
(反)serrated ◆ without notches 齿状的 ◆ 没有刻痕的
(例)There was a notch “早”in the table of Luxun. 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:26
novelty [5nCvElti] n. 新奇(something new or unusual)
(类)threadbare/timeworn·novelty=labyrinthine·directness 陈旧的·新奇事物=曲折的·笔直
ballad·stanza=novel·chapter 民歌·节,段=小说·章;回 (组成关系)
(反)novel ◆ banal/ timeworn 新颖的 ◆ 陈腐的/ 陈旧的
noxious [5nCkFEs] adj. 有害的,有毒的(physically harmful or destructive to living beings)
(反)noxious ◆ beneficial/salubrious 有害的 ◆ 有益的/有益健康的
(例)noxious wastes that poison our streams
nuance [nju:5B:ns] n. 细微的差异(a subtle distinction or variation)
(类)nuance·distinction=hint·suggestion 细微差异·差别=暗示·显示 (程度)
(反)nuance ◆ patent difference/ lack of subtlety/ sharp distinction/ patent
细微的差异 ◆ 明显的差别/ 缺乏精妙/ 明显的差别/ 明显的
nucleate [5njuklieit] v. 使…聚集成核(to form into a nucleus)
(反)nucleate ◆ disseminate/ scatter 聚集成核 ◆ 散布/ 分散
nudge [nQdV] n. v. 用肘轻推,引起注意(seek the attention of by a push of the elbow)
(类)doze·sleep=nudge·prod 瞌睡·睡觉=轻推·推动 (程度)
butt·head=nudge·elbow 以头抵撞·头=用肘轻推·肘 (动作及其身体部位) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:26
nugatory [5nju:^EtEri] adj. 无关紧要的(of little or no consequence;trifling, inconsequential)
(反)nugatory ◆ consequential 无关紧要的 ◆ 重要的
obedient [E5bi:djEnt] adj. 服从的,顺从的(submissive to the restraint or command of authority)
(反)obedient ◆ contumacious/ imperial 顺从的 ◆ 顽固的/最高权力的
obeisance [Eu5beisns] n. 鞠躬,敬礼(a movement of the body made in token of 表示respect or submission)
(类)obeisant·esteem=embrace·affection 鞠躬·尊敬=拥抱·爱 (行为及其表达内容)
(反)obeisant ◆ impertinent/ impudent/ imperious 恭敬的 ◆ 不礼貌的/放肆无礼的/专横的
(同)bow , honor, deference, homage, reverence 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:27
obfuscate [CbfQskeit] v. 使困惑,使迷惑(to make obscure)
(类)equivocation·truth=euphemism·offense=obfuscation·clarity
说模棱两可的话·真理=委婉的说法·攻击,伤感情=使模糊·清楚(反面特征)
headstrong·willfulness=obfuscate·confusing 顽固·任性=使困惑·胡涂(同义)
rationalization·plausible=obfuscation·indiscernible(干扰:equivocation·definite)
自圆其说·给人假象的=困惑·难识别的(正面特征)【注:plausible :giving a deceptive
impression of truth, acceptability, or reliability;specious 给人假象的,华而不实的
rationalize:vi. to provide plausible but untrue reasons for conduct 找借口,自圆其说,文过饰非】
cowardice·intimidate=perplexity·obfuscate 懦弱容易被胁迫=困惑容易被迷惑
(反)obfuscate ◆ demystify/ elucidate/ illuminate/ clarify / explain clearly 使迷惑 ◆ 澄清,阐明
(反)obfuscated/ obfusticated ◆ lucid 困惑的 ◆ 清晰的
(同)obscure, adumbrate, becloud, befog, darken, dim, gloom
(记)ob(强调)+fusc(=dark黑暗)+ate→黑暗中摸索→迷惑,困惑
参考:confuse 使糊涂 fuscous暗褐色的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:28
obituary [EbitjuEri] n. 讣告(a notice of a person's death usually with a short biographical account)
(类)roster·staff=obituary·death 花名册记录职员=讣告记录死亡
obligatory [ebli^EtEri] adj. 强制性的,必须的(binding in law or conscience; mandatory, required)
(反)obligatory ◆ discretionary/ selective/ elective 强制性的 ◆ 自由选择的
(记)来自 oblige v. 迫使 参考:obligation义务
obliging [EblaidViN] adj. 乐于助人的(willing to do favors)
(类)visionary·idealistic=officious·obliging
空想的·空想主义的=好管闲事的·乐于助人的(褒贬)
(同)amiable, complaisant, good-humored, good-natured, good-tempered, lenient, mild
(记)由obligation“义务”而来。由被迫和义务转为乐于助人大家不要奇怪,汉语也有这样的用法,
如:义务为大家修车。不是被迫而是出于乐于助人。
ode [Eud] n. 颂诗,赋(a lyric poem marked by exaltation of feeling and style, varying length of line, and complexity of stanza forms)
(类)chord·tone=ode·poem 和弦·曲调=颂诗·诗 (种属)
ode·poetry=spoof·parody 颂诗·诗=讽刺诗·讽刺作品
odium [EudiEm] n. 憎恶,讨厌(hatred and condemnation accompanied by loathing or contempt)
(反)odium ◆ esteem/ hankering / infatuation 憎恨 ◆ 迷恋/ 渴望/ 着迷
(同)detestation disgrace, discredit, disesteem, dishonor, disrepute, ignominy, infamy, obloquy, opprobrium
oracle [CrEkl] n. 神谕(a person through whom a deity is believed to speak)
(类)mentor·guidance=oracle·prophecy 导师·指导=神谕·预言
(同)revelation, apocalypse, prophecy, vision 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:31
oration [EreiFEn] n. 演说,致辞(an elaborate discourse delivered in a formal and dignified manner)
(类)oration·heard=novel·read 演说·能听到=小说·能读
orient [C:riEnt] vt. 使适应, 确定方向(get one's bearings; adjust; make familiar with a situation)
(反)orient ◆ confuse 使适应 ◆ 使迷惑
original [EridVEnEl] adj. 最初的,原始的,有创意的(not secondary, derivative, or imitative)
(类)babble·sense=parrot·originality 胡言乱语缺乏理性=鹦鹉学舌缺乏创新
(反)original ◆ commonplace/ banal/trite 有创意的 ◆ 普通的/陈腐的
pastiche ◆ original work 仿作 ◆ 原创
(同)inventive, creative, deviceful, ingenious, innovational
ornithology [7C:niWClEdVi] n. 鸟类学(a branch of zoology dealing with birds)
(类)ornithology·eagle=astronomy·planet 鸟类学·鹰=天文学·行星
orthodoxy [C:WEdCksi] n. 信仰正统,正教(quality of being conforming to established doctrine)
(类)religion·devoutness=canon·orthodoxy
信仰·虔诚=正统经典·信仰正统(后者致力于前者)
【注:devout:devoted to religion or to religious duties or exercises】
(类)dissenter·orthodox=maverick·group 反对者脱离正统=特立独行者脱离团体 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:31
oscillate [Csileit] v. 使振动,使动摇,犹豫(swing like a pendulum;vary between opposing beliefs,feelings,or theories)
(反)oscillate ◆ remain static 振动 ◆ 静止
oscillation ◆ absence of variation 犹豫 ◆ 不变
(同)swing, pendulate, sway
ossify [Csifai] v.硬化,僵化(to become hardened or conventional and opposed to change)
(类)depreciation·value=ossification·flexibility 贬值·重要=僵化·灵活 (反义)
ligneous·wood=osseous·bone 木质的:木头=骨质的:骨头
(反)ossified ◆ amenable to change 僵化的 ◆ 顺应变化的
ossify ◆ make pliant 硬化 ◆ 使柔软
ossify ◆ transcend conventions 僵化 ◆ 超越传统
ostentatious [7CstenteiFEs] adj. 卖弄的,夸耀的(marked by or fond of conspicuous or vainglorious and sometimes pretentious display)
(反)ostensible ◆ inapparent 明显的 ◆ 不明显的
ostentation ◆ artlessness/ austerity/ modesty 卖弄 ◆ 朴实/ 朴素/ 谦逊
ostentatious ◆ modest 卖弄的 ◆ 谦让的
(同)showy, flamboyant, pretentious, splashy 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-24 07:32
ostracize [ CstrEsaiz ] n. 贝壳放逐,排斥(exclusion by general consent from common privileges)
(类)pariah·ostracize=prisoner·confine 贱民被驱逐=囚犯被囚禁
(反)ostracize ◆ take in 驱逐 ◆ 接纳
ostracize ◆ include/embrace/ welcome 排斥 ◆ 包容/包含/欢迎
(记)与oyster(牡蛎)同源ostra(贝壳、瓦片);古希腊将贝壳作为选票来决定是否驱逐某人
oust [aust] vt. 剥夺,驱逐(to remove from or dispossess of property by legal action or force)
(反)instate ◆ oust 任命 ◆ 剥夺
(同)deprive, bereave, dispossess, divest
outgoing [aut^EuiN] a dj. 外向的,爱社交的(openly friendly and responsive·extroverted)
(类)extrovert·outgoing=perfectionist·exacting 好社交者·爱社交的=完美主义者·苛求的
outlandish [autlAndiF] adj. 古怪的, 奇异的(strikingly out of the ordinary:bizarre)
(反)outlandish ◆ conventional 古怪的 ◆ 常规的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:25
outmaneuver [aJtmEnu:vE] v. 以策略制胜;智取(to maneuver with better effect than; outwit)
(反)outmaneuver ◆ yield 智取 ◆ 屈服
(同)outwit, outfox
overlap [EuvElAp] vt. 重叠,重复(to occupy the same area in part·lap over)
(类)infinite·exhaust=discrete·overlap 无限的·穷尽=离散的·重叠 (形动反义)
inconsonant·concord=scatter·overlap 不协调的·一致的=分散的·重叠的(反义)
pack [pAk] n. 一群 (a group of often predatory animals of the same kind)
(类)orchestra·musician=pack·wolf 管弦乐队·音乐家=狼群·狼 (团体与个体)
padding [pAdiN] n. 填塞物(material with which something is padded)
(类)padding·damage=disguise·recognition 填塞物·损伤=假面目·认识(防止关系)
padding·damage=levee·flooding 填塞物·损伤=防洪堤坝·洪水(防止关系) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:25
paean [pi:En] n. 赞美歌(a joyous song or hymn of praise, tribute, thanksgiving, or triumph)
(类)paean·song=elegy·poem 赞美歌·歌=挽诗·诗(种属)
paean·joy=dirge·grief 赞美歌表达欢乐=挽歌表达悲痛
(反)paean ◆ harshly lampoon 赞歌 ◆ 讽刺文章
palatable [pAlEtEbl] adj.美味的(agreeable to the palate or taste)
(类)palatable·savory=discernible·manifest 美味的·可口的=可分辨的·明显的
(同)palatable, appetizing, savory, tasty, toothsome
(例)butterflies that birds find palatable
palette [pAlIt] n. 调色板,颜料(a particular range, quality, or use of color)
(类)palette·color=repertoire·play 调色板·颜色=节目单·节目(前者安排后者) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:26
pall [pC:l] v. 感到腻烦,失去兴趣(to lose in interest or attraction)
(反)pall ◆ interest/intrigue 失去兴趣 ◆ 激发兴趣
(同)bore, ennui, tire, weary
pallid [pAlId] adj. 苍白的(面色)(having an abnormally pale complexion)
(反)rubicund红润的/ piquant 兴奋的
(同)pale, ashen, ashy, blanched, colorless,
palmy [`pB:lmI] adj. 繁荣的(marked by prosperity)
(类)palmy·prosperity=draconian·severity 繁荣的·繁荣=苛刻的·严格(形名同义)
(同)flourishing, prosperous
palpable [pAlpEbl] adj. 可触知的,明显的,易觉察的(easily perceived)
(类)palpable·touch=pliable·mold 可触知的·触摸=柔韧的·塑造
(反)palpable ◆ explicate/subtle 明显的 ◆ 隐晦的/细微的
impalpable ◆ clear 不易察觉的 ◆ 清楚的
(同)perceptible, appreciable, detectable, discernible
(例)i cannot understand how you could overlook such a palpable blunder. 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:26
palter [`pR:ltE] vi. 欺骗(to act insincerely or deceitfully)
(类)palter·candor=diehard·budge 欺骗·诚挚=顽固·移动(反面特征)
【注:budge :to alter a position or attitude:改变立场或态度】
(反)palter ◆ candor 欺骗 ◆ 坦率
(同)lie, equivocate, falsify, fib, prevaricate
paltry [pC:ltrI] adj. 无价值的;微不足道的(practically worthless; trifling)
(反)paltry ◆ significant/important 微不足道的 ◆ 意义重大的/重要的
(同)petty, measly, piddling, puny, trifling, trivial,
(例)This is a paltry sum to pay for such a masterpiece.
pan [pAn] vt.【口语】严厉批评 (to criticize unfavorably, as in reviewing)
(类)pan·harsh=barb·caustic 严厉批评·严厉的=尖锐的批评·严厉的(同义)
(反)rave 过分赞扬 eulogize称赞 extol称赞
panache [pEnAF] n. 羽饰;假威风,炫耀(dash or flamboyance in style)
(反)panache ◆ humility 炫耀 ◆ 谦逊
panache ◆ unremarkable behavior 炫耀 ◆ 寻常举止
panache ◆ dullness 华丽 ◆ 缺乏光彩(dull:lacking brilliance or luster) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:26
pancreas [pAnkriEs] n. 胰腺
(类)insulin·pancreas=bile·liver 胰岛素·胰腺=胆汁·肝脏(分泌关系)
pantry [pAntrI] n. 食品柜,餐具室(a room for preparation of foods on order)
(类)pantry·food=armory·weapons=closet(wardrobe)·clothes
餐具室·食物=军械库·武器=壁橱(衣柜)·衣服(存储地方与物品)
(同)larder, buttery 区别:pastry 面点
paradigm [pArEdaIm] n. 典范, 范例(example, pattern)
(类)corrective·amends=paradigm·exemplify
矫正物·补偿=范例·作为…例子(事物作用)
paragon(paradigm)·imitate=reverence·regard
模范值得被效仿=应该尊敬的人值得被尊重
(同)moder, archetype, example, exemplar, pattern, standard
(记)para(侧面, 超越)。超越一般的→典范 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:26
paradise [pArEdaIs] n. 天堂 (a place or state of bliss, felicity, or delight)
(类)pleasurable·paradisical=melodious·lyrical
愉悦的·极欢乐=曲调优美的·抒情诗调的 (同义)
(记)词头para-表示“侧面, 超越”之义。超乎寻常的感受,当然只能在天堂中体会
paradox [pArEdRks] n. 似是而非的论点,自相矛盾的话(a statement that is seemingly contradictory to common sense and yet is perhaps true)
(类)paradox·contradictory=epigram·wise
矛盾论点·对立的=警句·有智慧的(事物典型特征)
oxymoron·paradox=apophasis·claim
矛盾修饰法·矛盾的话=表面否认要说或正说的话·表述
(反)paradoxical ◆ common荒谬的 ◆ 普通的
(例)the paradox of her career was her achievement of her greatest intellectual authority at the very moment when she was bereft of a compelling subject.
paragon [pArEgRn] n. 模范,典型(a model of excellence or perfection)
(类)paragon·admire=pariah·contempt 典范常常被赞美=底层民众常常被轻蔑
paragon·excellent=hoax·fraudulent 模范·优秀的=愚弄·欺骗的(正面特征)
paragon·exemplary=corrected·amend 典范·示例=修正的·改正(同义)
(反)travesty ◆ paragon 曲解 ◆ 典范
(同)ideal, jewel, nonesuch, nonpareil, phoenix
(例)the class disliked him because the teacher was always pointing him out as a paragon of
virtue. 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:27
paramount [pArEmaJnt] adj. 最重要的,最高权力的(superior to all others)
(类)important·paramount=painful·agonizing 重要的·最重要的=痛苦的·痛苦难耐的(程度)
(反)paramount ◆ ancillary 最主要的 ◆ 辅助次要的
(同)ascendant, overbearing, predominant, predominate, preponderant
(例)Proper nutrition are of paramount importance in adolescent development and growth.
(记)美国好莱坞的派拉蒙公司就是这个商标。词头para-表示“侧面, 超越”之义。
paranoia [pArEnCIE] n. 偏执狂(a tendency on the part of an individual or group toward excessive or irrational suspiciousness and distrustfulness of others)
(类)suspicion·paranoia=enthusiasm·mania 猜疑·偏执狂=热情·狂热(褒贬程度)
suspicious·paranoid=admiring·idolatrous 怀疑的·偏执狂的=钦佩的·盲目崇拜的(褒贬)
(例)Suffering from paranois, he claimed everyone was out to get him; ironically, his claim was accurate; even paranoids have enemies. 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:27
paraphrase [pArEfreIz] vt. 简要重述,解释(to make a restatement of a text, passage, or work giving the meaning in another form)
(类)paraphrase·verbatim=approximate·precise 简要重述·一字不差地=近似·精确的(反义)
(同)rephrase, restate, reword
(例)in 20 words or less, paraphrase this article. 用20词左右来简要复述一下这篇文章。
(记)词头para-表示“侧面, 超越”之义;对句子从另外角度阐述→扼要重述
parch [pB:tF] vi. 烤干 (to dry or shrivel with cold)
(反)steep ◆ parch 浸泡 ◆ 烤干
pariah n. 贱民,底层民众(a member of a low caste of southern india)
(类)pariah·ostracize=prisoner·confine 底层民众遭排斥=囚犯遭囚禁(人物典型特征)
(同)outcast,castaway,derelict
(记)pari谐音 巴黎。记住巴黎爆发的法国大革命就是这群所谓的贱民发动的。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:27
parity [pArItI] n. 同等,平等(the quality or state of being equal)
(反)inequality不公平/ incommensurateness不平衡
(同)equivalence,adequation,equality
(例)I find your analogy inaccurate because i do not see the parity between the two illustrations.
parlance [pB:lEns] n. 说话的方式(manner or mode of speech)
(类)parlance·speak=gait·walk 说话的方式·说=步法·行走(动作与其方式)
(同)wording,diction, phrase, phraseology, phrasing
(记)parlan 谐音 巴朗。如果你知道巴朗词表就会知道它是来研究人们的说话方式的。
parody [pArEdI] n.诙谐改编的诗文 v. 做模仿诗文
(类)parody·style=mime·gesture 诙谐改编模仿的是诗文风格=哑剧模仿的是姿态
【注:mime:to act a part with mimic gesture and action usually without words
parody:n. a literary or musical work in which the style of an author or work is closely imitated for comic effect or in ridicule v. to imitate in the manner of a parody】
spoof·parody=nicety·distinction 轻浮的改编·拙劣的模仿=细微差别·差别(种属)spoof·parody=ode·poetry 轻浮地讽刺模仿品·模仿作品=颂诗·诗(种属)
(同)burlesque, imitate, mock, take off, travesty 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:27
paroxysm [pArEksizEm] n. 发作,突发(a sudden violent emotion or action)
(类)paroxysm·sudden=ruse·deceived 突发·突然的=诡计·欺骗的 (正面特征)
parquetry [pB:kItrI] n. 镶木地板艺术或图案(inlaid woodwork in geometric forms, usually of
contrasting woods, used esp. in flooring)
(类)parquetry·floor=fresco·wall 镶木地板图案·地板=壁画·墙壁(事物安置位置)
parquet·wood=mosaic·glass 镶木地板·木头=镶嵌图案·玻璃
(例)in laying the floor, the carpenters combined redwood and oak in an elegant parquet.
parrot vt. 鹦鹉学舌,机械地模仿(to repeat by rote)
(类)parrot·originality=babble·sense 机械地模仿缺乏创意=胡说八道缺乏理智
parry v. 躲避(武器、问题等)(to evade especially by an adroit answer)
(类)parry·question=shirk·duty 躲避·问题=推卸·责任(逃避关系)
(同)dodge, duck, fence, shirk, sidestep
(例)he was content to wage a defensive battle and tried to parry his opponent's thrusts.
(记)p+arry(=arrow 箭) →避箭→躲避武器等 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:28
partial [pB:Fl] adj. 偏袒的,偏爱的(inclined to favor one party more than the other:biased)
(反)partial ◆ dispassionate 偏袒的 ◆ 不动感情的
(同)jaundiced, prejudiced,tendentious,unindifferent,warped
(记)part 部分 只对部分人好→偏爱
particularize [pEtIkjJlEraIz] vt. vi. 详细说明,列举(to state in detail)
(类)particularize·details=illustrate·pictures
详细说明·细节=作图解·图片(行为及其相关对象)
(同)detail, specificate, specificize, stipulate
(记)part 部分 将整体分成部分详细说明
partisan [pB:tIzAn] n. 党羽,同党的人(a firm adherent to a party, faction)
(类)allegiance·partisans=authoritativeness·pundits
效忠·同党之人=权威·权威人士(人物典型特征)
patriot·country=partisan·course 爱国者·国家=党羽·方针(前者忠诚于后者)
(同)follower, adherent, cohort, disciple, henchman, supporter
(记)party 政党 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:28
pastiche [pAsti:F] n. 模仿 (的手法)(a literary, artistic, musical, or architectural work that imitates the style of previous work)
(反)pastiche ◆ original work 模仿 ◆ 原创
(记)past 过去的,过时的+che 谐音 车→过时的车不值得模仿
patrician n. 贵族,名门望族(a person of high birth·aristocrat)
(反)base ◆ patrician 底层社会 ◆ 贵族
(记)patri-表示“父”之义 联想:父辈荣耀,所以成了名门望族
patriot [pAtrIEt] n. 爱国主义者(one who loves his or her country)
(类)patriot·country=partisan·course
爱国者忠于国家=党徒忠于(某一政党的)路线(人及其目标)
(记)patri-表示“父”之义 联想:国就是父
patronize [pAtrEnaIz] vt. 资助,赞助,让人领情
(类)condescending·patronize=obsequious·fawn
使领情的·资助=谄媚的·奉承(形动同义)
patron·support=apologist·defend
赞助人·支援=辩护者·辩护(人物典型动作)
patronize·condescension=deride·mockery
资助·要人领情的态度=嘲弄·嘲笑(动名同义)
(例)experts in a field sometimes appear to patronize people who are less knowledgeable of the
subject.
paucity [pC:sItI] n. 少数,少量,缺乏(smallness of number:fewness)
(反)slew大量 plethora过剩 profusion丰富
(同)scarcity, insufficiency, poverty, scant, scarceness
paunchy [`pR:ntFI] dj. 大肚子的(having an enlarged or protruding abdomen)
(反)paunchy and awkward ◆ svelte 大腹便便的 ◆ 苗条的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:28
pebble [pebl] n. 小鹅卵石(a small usually rounded stone)
(类)droplet·deluge=pebble·landslid 小滴·洪水=小卵石·山崩泥石(小与大)
peck [pek] n. 轻吻
(类)peck·kiss=glance·look 轻吻·吻=一瞥·看(轻和正常)
(记)和speck 少量 一起记→少量的吻→轻吻
pedagogue [pedE^R^] n. 教师,教育者(a dull, formal, or pedantic teacher)
(类)pedagogue·indoctrinate=stickler·exacting
教育者·灌输=坚持者·严格苛求(人物典型行为) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:29
pedant [pedEnt] n. 迂腐之人,书呆子,学究式人物
(类)pedant·learning=hack·writing
学究·学习=雇佣文人·写作(人物典型行为)
pedantic·learned=moralistic·principled
学究式的·有学问的=道学的·有原则的(褒贬对比)
scholarly·pedantic=modest·prudish (褒贬对比)
儒雅的·书呆的=谦虚的·假装正经
pedantic·scholar=histrionic·actor
学究的·学者=戏剧的·演员(人物典型属性)
(例)Her insistence that the book be memorized marked the teacher as a pedant rather than a
scholar.
pedestal [pedistl] n. 基架,底座,基础
(类)pedestal·statue=foundation·house 底座·雕像=地基·房子
pelf [pelf] n. 钱财(wealth or riches, especially when dishonestly acquired)
(类)pelf·impecunious=experience·green 钱财·贫穷的=经验·无经验的(缺乏关系) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:29
penitent [penItEnt] adj. 悔过的(feeling or expressing regretful pain)
(类)penitent·obdurate=skeptic·credulous 悔过者·顽固的=怀疑者·轻信的
(反)impenitent ◆ contrite 不悔悟的 ◆ 后悔的
(同)apologetic, contrite, penitential, regretful, repentant 参考:repent v. 后悔,悔改
(例)when he realized the enormity of his crime, he became remorseful and penitent.
pensive [pensIv] adj. 沉思的,哀思的(musingly or dreamily thoughtful)
(类)lamentable·pensive=museful·ruminative 哀伤的·悲哀的=沉思的·沉思的(同义)
(同)meditative, pondering, reflecting, ruminative, speculative
(例)the pensive youth gazed at the painting for a long time and then sighed.
peremptory [perEmptC:rI] adj. 专横的(imperious or arrogant self-assurance)
(类)peremptory·fawn=parsimonious·spend 专横的不会奉承=吝啬的很少花费
peremptory·dispute=prohibitive·purchase
专横的·争辩=禁购的·购买(前者排斥、不容后者)
【注:prohibitive:tending to preclude use or purchase 禁购的,禁用的】
(反)peremptory ◆ open to challenge 不容反抗的 ◆ 接受挑战的
perfidy [p\:fIdI] n. 不诚实(the quality or state of being faithless)
(类)exorbitant·moderation=perfidious·loyalty 过度的·适度的=背信的·忠诚的(褒贬对照)
(反)perfidy ◆ trustworthiness 不诚实 ◆ 可信赖
perfidious ◆ faithful/loyal 不诚实的 ◆ 忠实的/忠实的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:30
perforate [p\:fEreIt] v. 打孔,穿透(to make a hole through)
(类)perforate·hole=pleat·fold 打孔·孔=打褶·褶皱 (行为及其作用结果)
(同)bore, drill, prick, punch, puncture
perfunctorily adv. 敷衍地,潦草地(lacking in interest or enthusiasm)
(类)perfunctorily·inspiration=insolently·veneration 敷衍难有灵感=傲漫难受尊敬
(例)the auditor's perfunctory inspection of the books overlooked many errors.
perimeter [pErImItE] n. 周长,周界(the boundary of a closed plane figure)
(类)circle·perimeter=country·border 圆·周界周长=国土·边界
peripatetic [perIpEtetIk] adj. 巡游的(moving or traveling from place to place)
(反)peripatetic ◆ rooted/ sedentary/ stationary 巡游的 ◆ 根深蒂固的/ 不迁徙的/固定的
(同)ambulant, itinerate, nomadic, perambulant, roving, vagabond 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:30
peripheral [pErIfErl] adj. 边缘的,周边的(a periphery or surface part)
(类)peripheral·center=immaterial·relevance 边缘的·中心的=非实质的·中肯的(反义)
(反)peripheral ◆ in essence 外围的 ◆ 核心
crux ◆ peripheral element 症结 ◆ 次要因素
periphery ◆ center/core/important part/central area 外围 ◆ 中央/核心/重要部分/中心地带
perish [periF] vi. 毁灭,死亡,腐烂,枯萎vt.毁坏;使麻木
(反)perish ◆ survive 死亡 ◆ 存活
perjury [p\:dVErI] n.伪证(the voluntary violation of an oath or vow either by swearing to what is untrue or by omission to do what has been promised under oath )
(类)perjury·testimony=calumny·assertion(representation)
伪证·证词=中伤·声明(陈述)(种属)
(反)perjury ◆ truthful deposition 诽谤 ◆ 真实的证词
perjure ◆ depose 诽谤 ◆ 作证
(例)when several witnesses appeared to challenge his story, he was indicted for perjury. 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-26 08:30
permanence [`p\:mEnEns] n. 永久(the quality or state of being permanent)
(类)evanescent·permanence=archaic·currency 短暂的·永久=陈旧的·流通
erratic·permanent=heroic·craven 不稳定·持久的=英勇的·胆小的
impermanent·transience=opportune·convenience
暂时的·短暂=恰好的·便利(同义)
transitory·permanence=achromatic·hue 短暂的·永久=无色的·色调
(反)permanence ◆ transience 永久 ◆ 短暂
extinction ◆ perpetuation 消失 ◆ 永久,不朽
permanent ◆ ephemeral/interim 永久的 ◆ 短暂的/暂时的
(同)diuturnal, durable, enduring, perdurable, perduring, stable
persecute [p\:sIkju:t] vt. 迫害,虐待,困扰(to come to mind continually)
(类)persecute·injure=haunt·remember 残害·损伤=经常想·记住(程度)
(同)aggrieve, oppress, outrage
(例)they were persecuted by the government because of their religion.
persevere [p\:sIvIE(r)] vi. 坚持不懈,不屈不挠(to persist in a state)
(类)obstinate·preserve=tactless/insensitive·offend
固执的·坚持=不老练的/不懂事的·冒犯(个性及其结果)
【注:insensitive :lacking feeling or tact 缺乏感情或阅历,不懂事的
例:he is so insensitive as to laugh at someone in pain.他太不懂事了,竟去嘲笑痛苦中的人。】
(反)persevere ◆ give up 坚持 ◆ 放弃
perseverance ◆ cessation of effort 坚持不懈 ◆ 停止努力
(同)carry on, go on, hang on, persist
persiflage [p\:sIvIE(r)] n. 挖苦,嘲弄(to provide with an incentive)
(类)persiflage·incite=exhortation·motivate
挖苦·激发=勉励·激发(动作及其结果) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-27 11:09
philatelist [fIlAtElIst] n. 集邮家
(类)philatelist·stamps=numismatist·coins 集邮家·邮票=钱币收藏家·钱币
philistine [`fIlIstaIn] n. 庸人,对艺术很轻蔑的人(a person who is guided by materialism and is
usually disdainful of artistic values)
(反)philistine ◆ aesthete 庸人 ◆ 审美家
phlegmatic [fle^mAtIk] adj. 冷静的,冷淡的,无活力的(stolid temperament)
(类)phlegmatic·provoke=intractable·manage 冷淡的·激怒=难处理的·处理
(反)spirited生气勃勃的 / vivacious 活泼的 / sprightly轻快的
(同)apathetic, dry, matter-of-fact, stoic, stolid
(例)the nurse was a cheerful but phlegmatic person, unexcited in the face of sudden emergencies.
pilot [paIlEt] n. 飞行员;领航员(one employed to steer a ship:helmsman)
(类)pilot·ship=conductor·orchestra 领航人·轮船=指挥·管弦乐队
pine [paIn] n. 松树 vi. 消瘦;渴望(to yearn intensely and persistently)
(类)longing·pine=remorse·rue 渴望·盼望=后悔·懊悔(同义)
needle·pine=leaf·oak 针叶·松树=叶子·橡树
(反)pine ◆ become invigorated 憔悴 ◆ 受到鼓舞
pinnacle [pInEkl] n. 小尖塔,顶点(an upright architectural member generally ending in a small spire and used especially in gothic construction to give weight especially to a buttress)
(反)pinnacle ◆ low point 顶点 ◆ 低处
pinpoint [pin7pCint] v. 精确定位或确认(to locate or aim with great precision)
(类)pinpoint ◆ exam cursorily 精确地定位 ◆ 粗略的检查
(同)identify, determinate, diagnose distinguish,finger,spot
pirate [paiErit] n. 海盗;盗版者 vt. 盗版,翻印;掠夺
(类)pirate·take=forge·copy 欺骗掠夺·拿走=伪造·复制(非法·正常)
pitch [pitF] n.音品(Any of various standards for this quality associating each tone with a particular
frequency)
(类)pitch·sound=color·light 音品·声音=颜色·光线(都由波的频率决定)
pithy [pIWI] adj. 精练的,简洁的(having substance and point)
(类)pithiness·aphorism=exaggeration·caricature 精炼·格言=夸张·讽刺画
(反)pithy ◆ prolix/verbose/ diffuse/ wordy/ insubstantial/ insignificance
精练的 ◆ 冗长累赘的/ 无实质的/ 无关紧要
circumlocution ◆ pithy utters 累赘的话 ◆ 简练的话
(同)compact, epigrammatic, marrowy, meaty
(例)i enjoy reading his essays because they are always compact and pithy.
placebo [plEsi:bEJ] n.安慰剂
(类)placebo·innocuous=venom·toxious=salve·unctuous
安慰剂·无害的=毒液·有毒的=药膏·油的(事物典型特征)
【placebo:an inert or innocuous substance used especially in controlled experiments testing the efficacy of another substance(as a drug)】
placebo·painkiller=backdrop·vista
安慰剂·止痛药=背景·远景(前者指思维后指实体)
【注:vista:an extensive or distant view 广阔而辽远的景色,远景
placebo:a medication prescribed more for the mental relief of the patient than for its actual effect on a disorder 】
plagiarize [pleIdVEraIz] vt. vi. 剽窃,抄袭(to steal as one’s own)
(类)plagiarism·ideas=forgery·documents/rustling·cattle
剽窃·思想=伪造·文件/偷牛·牛(动宾关系) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-27 11:11
politic [pRlItIk] adj. 精明的,圆滑的,慎重的,策略的
(类)politic·offend=aloof·associate 圆滑的·冒犯=孤僻的·交往(反面特征)
(反)politic ◆ unsophisticated/injudicious 精明的 ◆ 单纯的/判断不当的
(例)His inauguration as president marked the culmination of his political career.
pollster [pEulstE] n. 民意测验专家
(类)pollster·canvass=exponent·advocate
民意测验者·民意测验=倡导者·提倡(人物典型动作)
【注:exponent :one that speaks for, represents, or advocates 拥护者,示范者,倡导者】
pontificate [pRntIfIkEt] v. 自大武断地做,装模作样的说话(to speak or express opinions in a pompous or dogmatic way)
(类)pontificate·speak=strut·walk=swagger·walk
傲慢的说·说话=大摇大摆的走·走=大摇大摆的走·走(程度)
(反)pontificate ◆ comment tentatively/ speak diffidently/ speak modestly
自大武断地说 ◆ 试探性的评论注释/ 缺乏自信地说/ 谦虚地说
(例)our boss pontificates about company rules at our meetings.
portfolio [pC:tfEuljEu] n. 部长职务;公事包
(类)portfolio·securities=dossier·reports 公事包·债券保险=材料汇编·报告(组成关系)
poseur [pEJz\:(r)] n. 装模作样的人(a person who pretends to be what he is not)
(类)poseur·sincerity=recluse·gregariousness
装摸做样的人·真诚=隐居者·群居 (缺乏关系)
poser·sincere=recluse·gregarious
装摸做样的人·真诚的=隐居者·社交(缺乏关系)
poseur·unaffected=stickler·derelict
装模做样的人·真挚的=坚持己见的人·缺乏责任感的(人物及反面特征)
(反)poseur ◆ sincere person 装模作样的人 ◆ 真诚的人 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-27 13:25
posit [pRzIt] v.假设,假定(to assume or affirm the existence of·postuate)
(反)posit ◆ deny as false 假设假定 ◆ 否认
postulate [pRstjJlEt] v. 假定为真(depend upon or start from the postulate of)
(反)postulate ◆ deny as false 假定为真 ◆ 认定为假的
(同)assume, presuppose, posit, premise, presume
posture [pRstFE(r)] vi. 作姿势(to assume an artificial attitude)
(类)posturer·unaffected=bigot·tolerant 装腔作势的人不真挚=不容异己的人不容忍
(反)posture ◆ behave naturally 作姿势 ◆ 自然的举止
potboiler [pRtbCIlE(r)] n. 粗制滥造的文艺作品(a literary or artistic work of poor quality, produced
quickly for profit)
(类)doggerel·verse=potboiler·article 歪诗·诗=粗制的作品·艺术品(种属)
(记)源自短语 boil(煮沸) the pot(壶)谋生,糊口
potentate [pEJtEnteIt] n. 有权的人,统治者(one who wields great power or sway)
(类)potentate·power=virtuoso·skill 当权者·权力=艺术名家·技艺
(反)potentate ◆ subject/powerless person 统治者 ◆ 臣服者/无势力的人
(同)monarch, ruler, sovereign
(记)potent有力的,有效的 参考:impotent阳痿的
potentiate [pEJ`tenFIeIt] vt. 加强(to make more effective or more active)
(反)potentiate ◆ deactivate 加强 ◆ 使无效
pout [paJt] vt. vi. 撅嘴,绷脸(to show displeasure by thrusting out the lips or wearing a sullen expression)
(类)pout·displeasure=wince·pain=smile·pleasure= sneer·contempt
撅嘴·不悦=退缩·疼痛=微笑·愉快=冷笑·蔑视 (动作体现情感)
(反)pout ◆ grin 绷脸 ◆ 露齿笑 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-27 13:27
prairie [preErI] n. 大草原,牧场
(类)prairie·tree=albino·pigment 大草原·树=白化病·颜色(缺乏关系)
prate [preIt] vi. 闲聊,空谈(to talk long and idly)
(类)prate·speak=saunter·walk 闲聊·说话=闲逛·行走(动作的闲和正常)
(同)chat, babble, chatter gabble, prattle, vaunt
preach [pri:tF] vt. vi. 传道,讲道,鼓吹,宣讲,说教(to deliver a sermon)
(类)preacher·sermon=nitpicker·criticize= quibbler·cavil
传教士·布道=吹毛求疵者·挑剔=吹毛求疵者·挑剔(人物典型行为)
(同)evangelize, sermonize, preachify, sermonize
precarious [prIkeErIEs] adj. 不稳定的(characterized by a lack of security)
(类)precarious·stability=spent·efficacy 不稳定的·稳定=失去效能的·功效 (反义
predilection [7pri:dilekFEn] n. 爱好,偏袒
(反)predilection ◆ propensity to dislike 爱好 ◆ 倾向于讨厌
(记)pre(倾向)+dilect(=delight 高兴)→爱好 参考: dilettante业余爱好者
preeminent [pri:emInEnt] adj. 优秀的,卓越的(having paramount rank,dignity)
(类)preeminence·importance=preponderance·weight 卓越具有重要性=优势具有分量
(反)preeminent ◆ negligibility 卓越的 ◆ 可忽略,不重要
efface ◆ bring to preeminent 抹去 ◆ 使出类拔萃
(同)incomparable, surpassing, transcendent, unequalable,unsurpassable
(例)the king traveled to boston because he wanted the preeminent surgeon in the
field to perform the operation. 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-27 13:28
preempt [pri:empt] v. 以先买权取得,取代(to replace with something considered to
be of greater
value or priority:take precedence over)
(类)preempt·precedence=acquire·possession 取得优先权·优先权=占有·占有物(动宾)
preen [pri:n] v. 整理羽毛,(人)打扮修饰(to dress or smooth up:primp)
自满(to take pride or satisfaction in (oneself))
(类)preen·self-satisfaction=fume·anger 自满·自我满意=发怒· 愤怒(同义)
ingenuous·dissemble=raffish·preen=polite·snub
坦白的不掩饰=粗俗的不打扮=有礼貌的不怠慢
(反)preen ◆ rumple 打扮 ◆ 弄皱
(同)pride, plume, pique
preface [prefEs] n. 序文,前言(the introductory remarks of a speaker)
(类)preface·book=overture·symphony 前言·书序=曲·交响乐(事物及开始)
(反)preface ◆ epilogue 前言 ◆ 尾声
prefatory ◆ conclusive 前言的 ◆ 结尾的
presage [presIdV] vt. 成为...的前兆,预示,预言(foretell, predict)
(类)harbinger·presage=archetype·exemplify 预兆·预示=原型·示例 (作用)
(同)betoken, bode, forebode, foreshadow, omen, promise
(例)the vultures flying overhead presaged the discovery of the corpse in the desert.
prescience [`presIEns] n. 预知,先见(foreknowledge of events)
(类)prescience·future=erudition·esoteric 预知·未来=博学·深奥
prescient·predict=dexterous·manipulate 预见性的·预言=灵巧的·熟练操作
(反)myopia ◆ prescience 短见的 ◆ 预计
prescription [prIskrIpFn] n. 处方;命令,指示
(类)indiscretion·convention=overdose·prescription
行为不检点·规矩习俗=过量用药·药方(前者违背后者)
preservative [prIz\:vEtIv] n. 预防法,预防药,防腐剂
(类)preservative·decay=anchor·drifting=censorship·communication =seal·leakage
防腐剂·腐烂=锚·飘流=审查·信息=密封·泄漏(防止关系)
prestige [presti:V] n. 声望,威望(standing in the eyes of people)
(类)abase·prestige=damp·ardor 降低地位·特权=抑制·热情 (动宾关系)
eclipse·prestige=enfeeble·vigor 丧失威望·声望=使衰弱·精力(动作及其对象) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-28 21:56
prevaricate [prIvArIkeIt] vi. 支吾搪塞,撒谎(to deviate from the truth)
(类)prevarication·deceive=blandishment·coax
搪塞·欺骗=哄诱·哄(行为及其目的)
prevaricater·mislead=philanthropist·endow
支吾搪塞者·误导=慈善家·捐赠(人物典型动作)
(反)prevarication ◆ veracity 支吾搪塞 ◆ 说真实话
(同)lie, equivocate, falsify, fib, palter
(例)some people believe that to prevaricate in a good cause is justifiable and
regard the statement as a "white lie."
primordial [praImC:dIEl] adj. 原始的(existing in the beginning)
(反)primordial ◆ most recent 原始的 ◆ 最近的
(同)early, primitive, primary, prime
(例)the neanderthal man is one of our primordial ancestors.
primp [primp] vt. vi. 精心打扮(to dress, adorn in a finicky manner)
(类)primp·vain=gloat·smug 打扮·虚荣=心满意足·自鸣得意的(动作表内心)
(同) dress up,doll out(up), fix up, gussy up, slick,
principal [prInsIpl] adj. 主要的,重要的(most important, consequential
prevaricate [prIvArIkeIt] vi. 支吾搪塞,撒谎(to deviate from the truth)
(类)prevarication·deceive=blandishment·coax
搪塞·欺骗=哄诱·哄(行为及其目的)
prevaricater·mislead=philanthropist·endow
支吾搪塞者·误导=慈善家·捐赠(人物典型动作)
(反)prevarication ◆ veracity 支吾搪塞 ◆ 说真实话
(同)lie, equivocate, falsify, fib, palter
(例)some people believe that to prevaricate in a good cause is justifiable and
regard the statement as a "white lie."
primordial [praImC:dIEl] adj. 原始的(existing in the beginning)
(反)primordial ◆ most recent 原始的 ◆ 最近的
(同)early, primitive, primary, prime
(例)the neanderthal man is one of our primordial ancestors.
primp [primp] vt. vi. 精心打扮(to dress, adorn in a finicky manner)
(类)primp·vain=gloat·smug 打扮·虚荣=心满意足·自鸣得意的(动作表内心)
(同) dress up,doll out(up), fix up, gussy up, slick,
principal [prInsIpl] adj. 主要的,重要的(most important, consequential
privation [praiveiFEn] n.缺乏,穷困(the state of being deprived)
(反)privation ◆ repletion 缺乏 ◆ 充满
(同)absence, dearth, default, defect, lack, want
probe [prEJb] v. 探索,探查(to make a searching exploratory investigation)
(类)probe·investigate=cavil·criticize 探索是深入的调查=挑剔是苛刻的批评
(同)inquisition, investigation, probing, quest, research
proliferate [prElIfEreIt] v. 增生扩散(to increase in number by proliferating)
(反)proliferate ◆ decrease in mount/dwindle 增生 ◆ 数量减少/缩小
barren ◆ prolific 不育的 ◆ 大量繁殖的
(例)Times of economic hardship inevitably encourage countless get-rich-quick schemes to
proliferate.
prolix [prElIks] adj.罗嗦的,冗长的(marked by or using an excess of words)
(类)aphorism·prolix euphemism·offensive=格言不会冗长的=委婉的说法不会令人不快的
(反)prolix ◆ pithy/taciturn/terse 冗长的 ◆ 精炼的/沉默寡言的/精炼的
prolixity ◆ succinctness/conciseness/extreme brevity 冗长 ◆ 简洁/简洁/非常简洁
(同)wordy, diffuse, redundant, verbose, windy 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:00
prologue [prEulC^] n. 序言(an introduction or a preface)
(类)prologue·novel=preamble·statute 序言·小说=导言·法令
(反)prologue ◆ epilogue 序言 ◆ 结尾
proofread [pru:fri:d] vt. 校对(to read (copy or proof) in order to find errors and mark corrections)
(类)diagnose·treat=proofread·correct诊断·治疗=校对·纠正(目的)
(记)proof(证据)+read→为找错误证据进行的阅读→校正
prosecution [prRsIkju:Fn] n. 实行;经营;起诉
(类)prosecution·conviction=mediation·compromise
起诉·定罪=调停·妥协(动作及其结果)
proselytize [prRsIlItaIz] vi. 劝诱改宗(to recruit or convert especially to a new faith or cause)
(类)proselytizer·convert=hunter·quarry 劝诱改宗的人寻求皈依者=猎人寻求猎物
proselytizer·convert=salesperson·buy 劝诱改宗的人劝别人皈依=售货员劝别人购买
(例)In these interfaith meetings, there must be no attempt to proselytize; we must respect all
points of view.
prospect [prRspekt] v. 探察,考察(to explore(a region) for mineral deposits or oil.)
(类)prospect·mineral=investigate·information勘探矿产·矿产=调查·信息 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:01
prostrate [prRstreIt] adj. 拜倒的,降伏的,伏地的(stretched out with face on the ground in
adoration or submission);沮丧的;衰竭的
(反)prostrate ◆ erect/upright 伏地的 ◆ 直立的/垂直的
(同)prone, decumbent, flat, procumbent, reclining, recumbent
protuberant [prEtju:bErEnt] adj. 突起的,凸出的,显著的 (thrusting out from a surrounding or
adjacent surface often as a rounded mass)
(反)protuberant ◆ depressed 突起的 ◆ 下陷的
protrude ◆ concave 隆起 ◆ 凹陷
protuberance ◆ concavity 隆起 ◆ 凹陷
(同)prominent, obtrusive
(记)tuber块茎,凸起 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:01
provident [prRvIdEnt] adj. 深谋远虑的;节俭的
(反)provident ◆ profligate 节俭的 ◆ 挥霍的
(同)chary, economical, frugal, saving, scotch,thrifty
(例)in his usual provident manner, he had insured himself against this type of loss.
providential [prRvIdenFl] adj. 天意的,幸运的(happening as if through divine intervention)
(反)providential ◆ unfortunate/mishap 幸运的 ◆ 不幸的
(同)opportune, lucky, fortunate, happy, well
(记)来自providence天意 比较:provide provident providence providential provision
providing provided provisional provisionary provisory
provisional [prEvIVEnl] adj.暂时的,暂定的,临时的(serving for the time being)
(反)provisional ◆ definitive 暂时性的 ◆ 决定性的
(同)conditional,provisionary,provisory,tentative,temporary
prudish [`prU:dIF] adj. 装淑女样子的,过分规矩的(marked by prudery)
(类)modest·prudish=scholarly·pedantic
正派的·过分规矩的=学者气的·学究式的(人性格的正常与过分)
prudish·propriety=finicky·quality 过分规矩的·适当=过分讲究的·质量
(同)prim, genteel, priggish, prissy, proper, puritanical,
(例)He sang a ribald song that offended many of the more prudish listeners.
prune [pru:n] n.梅干;深紫红色;傻瓜 v.修剪
(类)prune·hedge=trim·hair修整·障碍物=整理修整·头发
prune·plum=raisin·grape梅干·梅子(李子)=葡萄干·葡萄(水果干和水果)
(同)dunce, chump, dolt, dope, idiot, ignoramus, moron
(例)with the help of her editor, she was able to prune her manuscript into publishable form.
pry [praI] v 刺探,打听(to look closely or inquisitively);撬开
(类)pry·watch=connive·cooperate 窥探·注视=暗中合作·合作(偷偷和正常)
prying·inquisitive=garish·colorful 爱打听的·好奇的=过分妆饰的·华丽的(褒贬程度) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:02
pseudonym [sju:dEnim] n. 假名;笔名
(类)pseudonym·name=mask·face 假名·名字=面具·脸(掩饰关系)
psychology [saIkRlEdVI] n. 心理学,心理状态
(类)motivation·psychologist=fungi·ecologist
动机·心理学家=真菌·生态学家(人物研究对象)
pucker [pQkE] v. 折叠;噘嘴(to contract into folds or wrinkles)
(类)pucker·mouth=squint·eye 噘嘴·嘴巴=斜视·眼(人物器官及其特殊形态)
puerile [pjJEraIl] adj. 幼稚的,儿童的
(反)puerile ◆ sagacious 幼稚的 ◆ 精明的
(同)childish, immature,infantile
(例)his puerile pranks sometimes offended his more mature friends. 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:02
puissance [pju:Isns] n. 权力,权势,力量,影响(power; might)
(反)puissance ◆ powerlessness 权势 ◆ 没有影响
(例)we must keep his friendship for he will make a puissant ally.
pullet [pJlIt] n. 小母鸡;小姑娘
(类)pullet·chicken=filly·horse 小母鸡·鸡=小雌马·马
pulverize [pQlvEraIz] v. 研磨成粉,破坏(to reduce as by crushing to very small particles:atomize)
(反)pulverize ◆ solidify 粉碎 ◆ 巩固
(同)destroy, decimate, demolish, destruct, dynamite,
pun [pQn] n. 双关语(a joke using words with similar sounds or two different meanings)
(类)pun·joke=supernova·star=termite·insect
双关语·玩笑=超新星·恒星=白蚁· 昆虫(种属)
(同)calembour, paronomasia 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:03
punch line n.(笑话的)妙语(the sentence, statement, or phrase as in a joke that makes the point)
(类)joke·punch line=plot·denouement 笑话·妙语=情节·结局(事物之结局)
【注:所谓妙语就是中国相声中那句抖开包袱的话;至此笑话结束。】
punctilious [pQNktIlIEs] adj. 精密细心的,一丝不苟的(marked by precise accordance with the
details of codes or conventions)
(反)punctilious ◆ remiss /slipshod一丝不苟的 ◆ 玩忽职守的/马虎的
(同)conscientious, exact, fussy, meticulous, painstaking, scrupulous
pundit [pQndIt] n.权威人士,专家(used as a title of respect for a learned man in India)
(类)authoritativeness·pundits=allegiance·partisans
权威·权威人士=忠诚·党徒(人物典型特征)
(同)pandit, teacher, critic 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:03
pungent [pQndVEnt] adj. 辛辣的,刺激性的,严厉的 (causing a sharp or irritating sensation)
(类)pungent·odor=caustic·comment 刺激性的·气味=刻薄的·评论
(反)pungency ◆ blandness 辛辣 ◆ 乏味
(同)peppery, piquant, poignant, racy, snappy, spicy, zesty
(例)The pungent verbal give-and-take among the characters makes the novel lively reading, and this very spiritedness suggests to me that some of the opinions voiced may be the author's.
puny [`pjU:nI] adj. 微小的,弱小的,微不足道的 (slight in power, size, or importance)
(类)puny·weakly=measly·contemptibly 微不足道的·软弱的=微不足道的·卑微的(同义)
(反)puny ◆ enormous 微小的 ◆ 巨大的
(同) measly, niggling, paltry, piddling, trifling, trivial
(例)our puny efforts to stop the flood were futile.
purity [pjJErItI] n.纯净,纯洁,纯度(the quality or state of being pure)
(类)distill·purity=leaven·volume 蒸馏·纯度=发酵·体积 (前者加强后者)
purify·imperfection=verify·doubtfulness 净化·不完美=查证·疑问(前者消除后者)
distillate·purity=synopsis·conciseness 蒸馏物·纯净=大纲·简明(事物典型特征) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:03
purification·dross=desalinization·salt 提纯剩下糟粕=脱盐剩下盐分
impurity·filter=mosquito·netting 杂质·过滤器=蚊子·用网捕捉
purist·adulteration=stickler·approximation 纯粹主义者反对搀假=坚持己见的人反对近似
【注:purist :one who adheres strictly and often excessively to a tradition; especially:
one preoccupied with the purity of a language and its protection from the use of foreign
or altered forms】
(反)inviolable ◆ profane/ impure 不可亵渎的 ◆ 亵渎的/不纯的
purlieu [p\:lju:] n. 森林边缘地;常去的地方(a frequently visited place)
(类)extraordinary·purlieu=taut·commodiousness 非凡的·平常=紧张的·宽松(反义)
(反)purlieu ◆ an unfrequent place/infrequently visited place 常去的地方 ◆ 不常见的地方
purloin [p\:lCIn] vt.vi. 偷窃,盗取(to appropriate wrongfully and often by a breach of trust)
(类)lurk·wait= abscond·depart (干扰:purloin·appropriate 盗窃·盗用)
潜伏·等=潜逃·离开 (偷偷·正常)
(同)steal, appropriate, cabbage, filch, pilfer, pinch,thieve 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:03
quaff [kwAf] vt. vi. 一口气喝干,大口地喝(to drink(a beverage)deeply)
(类)quaff·sip=stride·mince 大口喝·啜饮=迈大步走·碎步走(程度)
quail [kweIl] vi. 胆怯,畏缩(to recoil in dread or terror)
(反)quail ◆ become resolute/ give bold 畏缩 ◆ 变得坚决/ 使大胆
qualified [kwRlIfaId] adj. 合格的,受限制的 (limited or modified in some way)
(类)qualify·general=mitigate·severe 限定·一般的=减轻·严重的(消除关系)
(反)qualified ◆ unreserved/ absolute/ categorical 受限制的 ◆ 无受限制的/ 绝对的/ 绝对的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:03
quandary [kwRndErI] n. 困惑,窘境,进退两难(a state of perplexity or doubt)
(反)quandary ◆ state of complete certainty 进退两难 ◆ 胸有成竹
(记)谐音“宽带”联想:宽带网由于价格问题目前的发展处于进退两难。
quarantine [kwRrEnti:n] n. 隔离检疫期,隔离(to isolate from normal relations)
(类)quarantine·contact=embargo·commerce 隔离·接触=禁运·贸易(防止)
quarantine·contamination=safeguard·accident 隔离·污染=保护措施·事故 (防止)
quarry [kwC:rI] n. 采石场
(类)quarry·stone=fell·timber=mine·ore
采石场·石头=一季所伐的木材·木材=矿·矿石(采集场所)
【注:fell:the timber cut down in one season】
quarry2 n.猎物,追求物,出处(one that is sought or pursued)
(类)aspirant·quarry=hunter·prey 有抱负者·目标=狩猎者·猎物(人及其追求对象) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:04
quash [kwC:rI] v. 撤销,镇压(to suppress or extinguish summarily and completely)
(反)quash ◆ engender 镇压 ◆ 引起,产生
foment ◆ quash/quell 煽动 ◆ 镇压
(同)annul,abrogate,discharge,dissolve,vacate,
quell [kwel] vt. 压制,平息,减轻(to thoroughly overwhelm and reduce to submission)
(类)irrepressible·quell=obdurate·move 镇压不住的难以镇压=冷酷无情的难以打动
(反)quell ◆ foment/instigate/rouse/incite 压制 ◆ 煽动/怂恿/鼓舞/煽动
foment ◆ quash/quell 煽动 ◆ 镇压
(同)annihilate, extinguish, put down, quash, quench, squash, suppress
(例)the police used fire hoses and teat gas to quell the rioters.
racy [reIsI] adj. 活泼生动的 (having a strongly marked quality)
(反)tame ◆ racy 乏味的 ◆ 生动的
(同)pungent, peppery, piquant, poignant, snappy, spicy,
(例)she writes racy novels about rich men and beautiful women. 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:05
raffish [rAfIF] adj. 粗俗的 (marked by or suggestive of flashy vulgarity or crudeness)
(类)ingenuous·dissemble=raffish·preen=polite·snub
坦白的不掩饰=粗俗的不打扮=有礼貌的不怠慢
raffish·decorum=merciless·leniency
粗俗的·礼貌=无怜悯心的·宽大的(反义)
raffle [rAfl] n. 抽彩售货,废物
(类)lottery·raffle= ?? 抽彩·抽彩(同义)
干扰:ticket·admission =入场券·入场(行为动作及其凭证)
【注】raffle :a lottery in which a number of persons buy chances to win a prize
此题谬种流传很长时间。lottery并无奖券的意思。这个意思的词是lots,chances。
rafter [rAfter] n. 椽;椽架屋顶;筏夫
(类)roof·rafter=table·leg 屋顶·椽子=桌子·腿儿(组成,支撑)
ragged [rA^Id] adj. 衣衫褴褛的,参差的,不协调的(torn or worn to tatters)
(类)cloth·ragged=furniture·rickety 织品布料·破烂褴褛的=家具·摇晃的(形修饰名)
(同)frayed, frazzled, shreddy, tattered
(例)his clothes are torn and ragged from living in the woods
rail [reIl] vi. 责骂,抱怨to revile or scold in harsh, insolent, or abusive language) n.围栏
(类)rail·vehemence=entreat·urgency 责骂·激烈=乞求· 紧急
(同)scold, berate, jaw, rate, revile, upbraid, vituperate
(记)railway 铁路。 被称为铁老大,每年春节遭到的责骂最多了。
rakish [reIkIF] adj.放荡的(of, relating to, or characteristic of a rake ;dissolute)
(类)rakish· restraint=slothful·assiduity 放荡的不抑制=偷懒的不刻苦
(记)rake 本义是耙子。联想:猪八戒的兵器就是耙子,用耙子的猪八戒在高老庄很放荡啊 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:05
rankle [rANkl] v.(怨恨,失望等)难以释怀,激怒(to cause irritation)
(反)rankle ◆ pacify/calm/ mollify 激怒 ◆ 使平静安慰
(同)fester n/v. 脓疮,化脓,使烦恼
(例)the memory of having been jilted rankled him for years.
(记)ranc(恨)参考:rank adj. 恶臭的,讨厌的,让人恨的
ratiocination [9rAtICsI`neIFEn] n. 推理,推论(the process of exact thinking)
(类)ratiocination·thinking=articulation·talking
推理是一种清晰的思考=清晰发音是清晰的讲话
(同)conclusion, deduction, illation, judgment, sequitur
ration [rAFEn] n. 定额,定量,配给 (a food allowance for one day)
(类)ration·food=dose·medicine 配给·食物=剂量·药(事物及其定量配给) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:06
rationalize [rAFEnElaIz] v. 使合理化;找借口,自圆其说,文过饰非(明明做错还要找借口)
(类)rationalization·plausible=obfuscation·indiscernible
文过饰非·给人假象的=困惑·难识别的(正面特征)
(记)来自rational: adj.理性的, 合理的, 推理的
(记)He tried to prove that he was not at fault, but he was obviously rationalizing.
他想证明错不在他, 但他显然是在找借口。
ravel [rAvEl] vt. 使纠缠, 使混乱, 解开, 弄清(to separate the texture)
(反)ravel ◆ knit 拆开 ◆ 编织结合
(同)entangle, muddle, perplex, snarl, tangle
(例)a sigle thread pulled loose, and the entire scarf started to ravel.
rave [reIv] v.咆哮 n. 过分赞扬, 吹捧狂热的观点(an extravagantly favorable criticism)
(反)rave ◆ pan 极力赞扬 ◆ 严厉的批判
ravenous [rAvEnEs] adj. 贪婪的,饿极的,渴望的,狼吞虎咽的 (very eager or greedy for food,
satisfaction, or gratification) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:06
ravish [rAviF] v. 强夺 -ing·adj.令人陶醉的
(类)ravishing·attractive=perspicacious·discerning
令人陶醉的·吸引人的=聪颖的·有洞察力的
raze [reIz] vt.破坏,抹去(to destroy to the ground;demolish)
(反)raze ◆ build 摧毁 ◆ 建造
reactant [rI`AktEnt] n. 反应物
(反)reactant ◆ inert material 反应物 ◆ 惰性物质
ream [ri:m] n. 令;大量的纸(a quantity of paper )
(类)ream·paper=cord·wood 令·纸=木头的单元·木头=亩·土地(事物及其计量单位)
【注:cord:a unit of wood cut for fuel equal to a stack 4 x 4 x 8 feet or 128 cubic feet】 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:07
recant [rIkAnt] vi. 取消前言,放弃信仰,公开认错(to make a formal retraction or disavowal of a
previously held statement or belief)
(类)recantation·error=confession·crime 公开认错·错误=招供·罪行 (动作及其相关对象)
recantation·heresy=apostasy·faith 放弃信仰·异端=背教·信仰(动作及其相关对象)
(反)recant ◆ reaffirm 取消前言 ◆ 重申,再肯定
(同)abjure, forswear, recall, retract, withdraw
(记)re(重新)+cant(唱)→重新唱新调→放弃以前的信仰或声明 参考:cantata 清唱,大合唱
recessive [rIsesIv] adj. 退行的,逆行的;后退的;隐性的(producing little or no phenotypic
effect when occurring in heterozygous condition with a contrasting allele)
(反)recessive ◆ dominant 隐性的 ◆ 显性的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:07
recidivism [rI`sIdIvIzEm] n. 累犯,重犯 (relapse into criminal behavior)
(类)recidivism·relapse=rehabilitation·convalesce =pundit·opine
重犯·再发=复原·康复=博学者·发表意见(人物及其特征行为)
reciprocate [rIsIprEkeIt] vi. 往复运动;互换;酬答(to move forward and backward)
(反)reciprocating ◆ moving unidirectional 往复运动 ◆ 单向运动
(同)recompense, requite, retaliate, return
recuperate [rIku:pEreIt] v. 复原(to regain a former state or condition)
(反)recuperative ◆ debilitating 有回复力的 ◆ 疲惫不堪的
(同)ameliorate, convalesce, gain, mend, perk
(例)the doctors were worried because the patient did not recuperate rapidly。
(记)re+cup(=cap抓住)→重新抓住→复原 参考:captive俘虏 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:08
redistribution [ri:distribju:FEn] n. 重新分配,再区分
(类)inequity·redistribution=illiteracy·education 不公正·重新分配=文盲·教育(消除关系)
refractory [rIfrAktErI] adj.难驾驭的,不听话的,执拗的;(病)难治的
(类)refractory·control=adamant·flexibility
难驾驭的·控制=坚硬的·弹性(名形反义)
pertinacity·refractory=inexperience·green
顽固·难控制的=无经验·无经验的(形名同义)
(反)refractory ◆ responsive 难驾驭的 ◆ 易感应的
(同)bullheaded, headstrong, intractable, mulish, stubborn, unyielding
(例)the refractory horse was eliminated from the race when he refused to obey the jockey.
regenerate [rIdVenEreIt] adj. 新生的,再生的(restored to a better, higher, or more worthy state)
(类)unregenerate·remorse=truculent·gentleness
不悔改的·良心不安=粗野的·柔和(名形反义)
rehearsal [rI`h\:sEl] n. 排演, 演习, 预演, 试演
(类)impromptu·rehearsal=caprice·deliberate 即席演出·排练=反复无常·深思熟虑的(反义)
(记)re(再次)+hear(听)→不断的听→排演,试演
reign [reIn] n. 执政,君主统治,统治,支配 (royal authority )
(类)coronation·reign=wedding·marriage 加冕礼·统治=婚礼·结婚(事物代表含义)
rein [reIn] n.缰绳 vi.驾驭,控制
(反)rein ◆ prod 控制 ◆ 刺激
reiterate [ri:ItEreIt] v. 重申,反复地说
(类)reiterate·redundant=digress·excursive
反复地说·多余的=扯到枝节上·离题的(行为典型特征)
rejoice [rIdVCIs] v. 欣喜,喜悦(to feel joy or great delight)
(反)rejoice ◆ grouse/moroseness 高兴 ◆ 生气,抱怨/忧郁
rejoiced ◆ sulky 高兴的 ◆ 生气的
(记)飘柔的商标 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:09
relapse [rIlAps] vi. 故态复萌,再陷邪道,再度堕落(to slip or fall back into a former worse
state)
(类)relapse·convalescence=recidivism·rehabilitation 复发·恢复=重犯·复职
(同)lapse, backslide, recidivate
(例)the economy relapsed into a depression from the peak.
(记)lapse 失误,过失
release [rIli:s] vt. 释放,放松;豁免,免除 ( to set free from restraint)
(反)release ◆ constrain/immure/restrain 放松 ◆ 强迫/监禁/禁止
(同)discharge, emancipate, liberate, manumit, unbind, unshackle
relent [rI`lent] v. 变慈悲(to become more lenient, compassionate, or forgiving)
(反)inexorable ◆ relenting 无情的 ◆ 慈悲的
(同)adamant, inexorable, obdurate, rigid, unbending, unyielding
(记)re+lent 反复借钱给别人→慈悲 参考:relentless 无情的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:09
remodel [ri:mRd(E)l] vt. 改造,改型,改变(to alter the structure of)
(类)construct·remodel=compose·edit 建造·改造=写作·编辑(种属)
remonstrance [rImRnstrEns] n.抗议,抱怨(an earnest presentation of reasons for
opposition or grievance; especially ·a document formally stating such points)
(类)remonstrance·offend=syllogism·disprove
抗议·冒犯=三段论·反驳(前者实现后者)
remonstrance·dissuade=apprehend·censure
抗议·劝阻=逮捕·责难(行为及其目的)
remonstrator·dissuade=applicant·appeal
抗议者·劝阻=申请者·诉请(人的典型特征)
(同)challenge, demurrer, difficulty, objection, protest, question, remonstration 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:10
remorse [rImC:s] n. 懊悔,悔恨(a gnawing distress arising from a sense of guilt)
(类)remorse·rue=longing·pine
悔恨·后悔=渴望·渴望,消瘦(同义)
unregenerate·remorse=truculent·gentleness
不悔改的·悔恨=好战凶猛的·温顺(反面特征)
(同)attrition, compunction, contriteness, contrition, penance, penitency, repentance, rue
remunerate [rImju:nEreIt] vt. 给与报酬,赔偿,酬劳
(to pay an equivalent to for a service, loss, or expense·recompense)
(类)remuneration·service=retaliation·injury 酬劳·服务=报复·伤害,侮辱(因果关系)
(反)remunerative ◆ unrequited 有报酬的 ◆ 未得回报的
gainful ◆ unremunerative 有利益的 ◆ 无利可获的
(同)compensate, indemnify, pay, recompense, reimburse, repay, requite 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:10
rend [rend] v.撕裂,猛拉(to split or tear apart or in pieces by violence)
(类)rend·tear=rush·hurry 撕裂·撕=匆忙的做·仓卒 (程度)
(反)rend ◆ unite/mend/repair/ made whole 撕裂 ◆ 联合/修理/使完整
(同)cleave, rip, rive, split
renounce [rInaJns] vi. 断绝关系;放弃权利(to give up, refuse or resign usually by formal
declaration)
(类)renounce·pledge=rescind·order 拒绝·保证=废除·命令
(反)renounce ◆ embrace 断绝关系 ◆ 信奉
claim ◆ renounce (根据权利)要求 ◆ 放弃权利
renovate [renEveIt] vt. 更新,革新,恢复,修复,刷新(to restore to a former better state )
(反)renovate ◆ cause to decay 修复,刷新 ◆ 使腐烂
(同)reactivate, rekindle, renew, resurrect, resuscitate, retrieve, revitalize, revivify 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:11
repartee [repB:ti:] n. 机灵的回答(a succession or interchange of clever retorts:amusing
and usually light sparring with words)
(类)repartee·retort=debate·issue 灵巧的反驳·反驳=正式辩论·辩论(种属)
(同)back answer, comeback, riposte
repatriate [ri:`pAtrIeIt] v. 遣返(to restore or return to the country of origin or citizenship)
(类)repatriate·emigration=repeal·ratification 遣返·移民=废止·批准 (反义) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:13
repeal [ripi:l] v. n. 撤销,废除(法律)(to rescind or annul by authoritative act; to revoke or
abrogate by legislative enactment)
(类)repatriate·emigration=repeal·ratification 废除遣返回国·移民出境=废止·批准(反义)
(反)repeal ◆ authorization 废除 ◆ 授权
(同)revoke , dismantle, recall, rescind, reverse
(记)peal(大声鸣响) 参考:appeal 呼吁
repel [ripel] vt. 抵制,排斥(repulse;resist)使厌恶(to cause aversion in · disgust)
(类)repellent·attract=ephemeral·endure 令人厌恶的无有吸引力=短暂的无耐久力(反义)
【注:repellent :arousing aversion or disgust:repulsive 令人厌恶的】
(反)court ◆ repel intentionally 向…献殷勤 ◆ 有意排斥
entrancing ◆ repelling 使人入神的 ◆ 使厌恶
winsome ◆ repelling 迷人的 ◆ 使人讨厌的
(例)foul words and frowns must not repel a lover. 邪恶的语言和反对不一定击退一个爱人。
(记)pel(推)联想:往外推—>排斥;参考:propel 推进,驱使 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:13
repertoire [repEtwB:] n. 预备上映的剧目列表(a list or supply of dramas, operas, pieces, or parts
prepared to perform)
(类)palette·color=repertoire·play 调色板上的众多颜色:颜色=剧目:剧本(组成)
repertoire·performance=manifest·cargo=agenda·meeting
剧目列表·表演=运货单·货物=议程·会议(前者安排后者)
repine [ripain] v. 抱怨,表达不满(to feel or express discontent or dejection)
(反)repine ◆ express joy 抱怨 ◆ 表示喜悦
(同)complain, fuss, murmur, wail, whine
repress [rIpres] v.镇压(to put down by force)抑制(to hold in by self-control)
(反)unrepressed ◆ restrained 未受抑制的 ◆ 受限制的
repress ◆ foster 压制 ◆ 鼓励
(记)press(压)(参考)repressed adj.被压抑的repressive adj.镇压的,抑制的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:14
reprieve [rIpri·v] n. 缓刑,暂缓(to delay the punishment of a condemned prisoner)
(类)reprieve·punishment=moratorium·activity缓刑是暂缓惩罚=延迟是暂停活动
【注:moratorium :a suspension of activity 延迟,延期】
(记)[re]重新+[prieve] 抓à(从刑场)抓回来à缓刑
reproof [rIpru:f] n. 谴责,责备(criticism for a fault · rebuke)
(类)castigation·reproof=denunciation·denial=loathing·dislike=soaking·damp
严厉谴责·谴责=公开驳斥·否定=讨厌·不喜欢=湿透的·潮湿的(程度)
(反)accolade ◆ reproof 赞扬 ◆ 斥责
(同)rebuke, admonishment, admonition, chiding, rap, reprimand, reproach 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:14
reprove [rIpru:v] v. 责备,申斥(to scold or correct usually gently or with kindly intent;to
express disapproval of:censure)
(类)pretense·deceive=admonition·reprove 虚假,伪装·欺骗=警告·责备(目的)
reprove·reprimand=blame·censure 责备:严厉训斥=责备:严厉批评(程度)
(同)admonish, , chide, lesson, monish, rebuke, reprimand, reproach
(例)his teacher reproved him for talking in class. 他的老师责备他上课说话。
repute [rIpju:t] n. 名声,名誉(the character or status commonly ascribed to one)
(反)repute ◆ lack of distinction 声望 ◆ 没有名望
(同)fame , celebrity, notoriety, renown, reputation
requite [rikwait] vt. 酬劳,报答(to make return for · repay)
(反)requite ◆ leave unpaid 酬谢 ◆ 未付款的
rescind [risind] v.废除,取消(abrogate;cancel)
(类)rescind · law = withdraw · candidacy 废除·法律=取消·候选人资格
(反)rescind ◆ institute/ levy 废除,取消 ◆ 创立/征用
rescission ◆ enactment 废除,取消 ◆ 设定,制定
(同)revoke , dismantle, lift, recall, repeal, reverse
(例)the company refused to rescind the order. 这家公司拒绝取消定货。
(记)谐音:来新的。联想:来新的当然要废除旧的。
reserved [rizE:vd] adj. 收敛的,内敛的,话不多的(restrained in words and actions)
(类)gregarious·reserved=furtive·open=flamboyant·reserved
爱社交的·收敛的=秘密的·公开的=炫耀多话的·收敛的 (反义)
【注:flamboyant·marked by striking elaborate 说话非常冗长罗嗦
reserved ·restrained in words and actions 在语言和行动方面有所收敛;性格内敛】
(反)expansive ◆ reserved 健谈的 ◆ 说话不多的
qualified ◆ unreserved 受限制的 ◆ 无受限制的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:15
residue [rezidju:] n. 剩余物(something that remains after a part is taken, separated, or designated)
(类)remainder·subtraction=residue·evaporation 剩余由减去得到=剩余物由蒸发得到
(同)remnant,remainder, remains, residual
resign [rizain] v.辞(职)(give up one's office:quit),听之任之(to accept something as
inevitable:submit)
(类)abdicate·throne=resign·office 放弃(权力)·王权=辞职·职位(动词及其作用对象)
(派)resigned adj.逆来顺受的,顺从的
resilience [rIzIlIEns] n.弹力,在逆境中调整的能力(an ability to recover from or adjust easily to
change)
(反)resilience ◆ unable to adjust/ unable to recover
在逆境中调整的能力 ◆ 不能调整/不能复原
resilience ◆ inelasticity 弹力 ◆ 无弹性
(记)sile(跳)参考:resilient 有弹性的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 14:16
resonant [rezEnEnt] adj.(声音)洪亮的,共鸣的(echoing; resounding; deep and full in sound)
(类)full-bodied·flavor=resonant·sound 浓郁的味道=洪亮的声音
(反)resonant ◆ muffled 声音洪亮的 ◆ 声音压抑的
(同)consonant, plangent, resounding, ringing, rotund
(例)A deep resonant voice rang out 一个浑厚洪亮的声音唱出。
(记)[re]回+[son]声音à有回声的à响亮的(参考)dissonant不和谐的
retainer [riteinE] n. 家仆(a person attached or owing service to a household ; especially:servant)
(类)retainer·retinue=witch·coven
家仆·一群家仆=女巫·女巫团(由几个女巫组成的聚合)
【注:retinue ·a group of retainers or attendants】
(反)retain ◆ discard 保留 ◆ 抛弃 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:50
retaliate [ritAlieit] v. 报复,反击(to repay(as an injury)in kind)
(类)remuneration·service=retaliation·injury 酬劳:服务=报复:伤害 (因果关系)
(同)reciprocate, recompense, requite, return
(记)tali 谐音“大力”联想:大力反击。
reticent [retisEnt] adj.沉默不语的(inclined to be silent or uncommunicative in speech· reserved)
(类)reticent·talk=abstemious·gorge
沉默不语的·谈话=有节制地·狼吞虎咽(反面特征)
(反)reticent ◆ loquacious/ vociferous/effusive/talktive
沉默不语的 ◆ 多话的/叫喊的,吵闹的/溢于言表的/多话的
(同)silent, close, close-lipped, closemouthed, reserved, taciturn
(记)ticen 谐音提神。联想:这个人总沉默寡言,需要给他提提神。
retort [ritC:t] vi. 反驳,回嘴 n. 机智回答(a quick, witty, or cutting reply; especially:one that turns
back or counters the first speaker's words)
(类)repartee·retort=debate·issue
巧妙的回答·机智的应答=论点·论点(在这里debate是名词)
【注:repartee·:a quick and witty reply】
(记)tort(扭)参考:tortuous 蜿蜒的 distort歪曲 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:51
retouch [ri:tQtF] vt. vi. 润饰,修正(to rework in order to improve)
(类)revise·manuscript=retouch·picture 修订·手稿=润饰·画 (动宾关系)
retrospective [retrEspektIv] adj. 追想的,回顾的(looking back on the past)
(反)retrospective ◆ anticipatory 回顾的 ◆ 预想的
(例)a retrospective report;a retrospective exhibition
(记)[retro]向后+[spect]看à回顾 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:51
revelry [revlri] n. 狂欢 , 喧闹的作乐(noisy partying or merrymaking)
(反)revelry ◆ mournfulness 狂欢 ◆ 悲哀
(例)They were exhausted after the night of revelry.
(参考)revel陶醉,狂欢
revenge [rivendV] n. v. 报仇,复仇,报复
(类)mercenary·money=vindictive·revenge
惟利是图的·钱=报复性的·报复(人物追求对象)
(同)avenge, redress, venge, vindicate
(记)[re]回+[venge]惩罚à报复
revere [riviE] v. 尊崇,尊敬(to show devoted deferential honor to)
(类)reverence·respect=avidity·enthusiasm 尊敬·敬重=热望·热心 (同义) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:51
rider [raidE] n. 附件a clause appended to a legislative bill to secure a usually distinct object
(类) rider·bill=endorsement·policy 附件·议案=签名·保险合同书 (整体与部分)
【注:policy :a writing whereby a contract of insurance is made】 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:52
ridicule [ridikju:l] n .v. 嘲笑,笑柄
(类)satire·ridicule=elegy·sorrow
讽刺文学·嘲笑=哀歌·悲伤(作品表达情感)
reportage·journalist=ridicule·satirist
新闻报道·记者=讽刺的话·讽刺作家(人物及其工作对象)
(反)sublime ◆ ridiculous 崇高的 ◆ 荒谬的
(同)deride, lout, mock, scout, taunt
(例)ridiculed him for his inability to perform the feat.
(派)ridiculous adj.可笑的,荒谬的
roil [rRIl] v. 搅浑,激怒(to make turbid by stirring up the sediment or dregs of)
(反)roil ◆ clarify/appease/settle 搅浑,激怒 ◆ 澄清/安抚/使平静,澄清
(例)roiled the brook with his splashings
roister [rCistE] v. 喧闹作乐(to engage in noisy revelry:carous)
(类)roisterer·carouse=recluse·withdraw 喧闹作乐的人狂欢作乐=隐居者隐居(撤退)
royalty [rCIEltI] 王权(royal status or power);版税 (a payment to an author or composer for each copy of a work sold or to an inventor for each item sold under a patent)
(类)royalty · payment = subpoena · writ 版税·付款=传票·书面命令 (种属) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:53
rudimentary [ru:dImentErI] adj.基础的(fundamental)原始的(of a primitive kind), 未发展
的(very imperfectly developed or represented only by a vestige)
(反)rudimentary ◆ full developed/fully realized 未发展的 ◆ 完全发展的/完全实现的
(同)elementary, beginning, elemental, rudimental
(例)The equipment of these past empire-builders was rudimentary
古代建设者的工具是原始的。
He had only a rudimentary formal education 他仅受过小学教育。
the rudimentary tail of a hyrax 蹄兔未发展的尾巴。
(记)rudi=rude原始的,粗鲁的à未发展的(参考)rudiments基础知识,入门 erudite博学的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:53
ruminate [ru:mIneIt] vt. vi. 反刍(to chew repeatedly for an extended period)沉思(to go over
in the mind repeatedly and often casually or slowly)
(类)museful ·ruminative = lamentable ·plaintive 沉思的·沉思的=哀伤的·悲哀的(同义)
(反)ruminative ◆ unreflective 沉思的 ◆ 不思考的
(同)ponder , chaw, deliberate, muse, revolve, roll, turn over
(记)rumi 谐音:入迷 联想:沉思以至于入迷。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:53
run [rQn] n. 连续演出(an unbroken course of performances or showings)
(类)journal·entries=run·performance
日志·记载条目=连续演出·表演(组成关系)
journal·entry=run·performance
期刊是一系列记载=一系列表演(是一系列)·表演(个体组成团体关系)
rupture [rQptFE] v. 打破;打碎(to part by violence)
(反)rupture ◆ remain unbreakable 打破 ◆ 保持不碎
(同)breach , break, fissure, fracture, rent, rift, schism
(记)[rupt]断+ureà破裂 参考:corrupt 腐败的,被破坏的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:53
ruse [rU:seI] n.诡计(trick to deceive; stratagem)
(类)paroxysm·sudden=ruse·deceived
突发·突然的=诡计·欺骗的 (事物及其人物典型特征)
rustic [rQstIk] adj. 乡村的,纯朴的, 粗俗的(lacking in social graces or polish)
(反)rustic ◆ polished/urbane 粗俗的 ◆ 文雅的
(记)[rust]乡村+[ic]à乡村的(参考)rusticate过乡村生活
safeguard [seIfgB:d] n. 保护措施,护照
(类)hedge·loss=quarantine·contamination=safeguard·accident
阻碍物·损失=隔离·传染=保护·事件(防止关系)
(记)safe安全+guard保护à保护措施
sagacious [sE^eIFEs] adj.聪明的,睿智的(of keen and farsighted penetration and judgment)
(类)prudence·daredevil=sagacity·simpleton=turncoat·constancy
谨慎·大胆=聪明·傻子=变化·不变(缺乏关系)
miser·stingy=sage·judicious 吝啬鬼·小气=贤人·明智的 (人物典型行为)
sage·judgement=knave·deceive 贤哲·判断=骗子·行骗 (人物典型行为)
sage·wisdom=philanthropist·benevolence 贤哲·英明=慈善家·善行(人物典型行为)
sensitive·boor=sagacity·simpleton 敏感的·粗野的人=聪明·笨蛋 (人物反面特征)
constant·stalwart=judiciousness·sage 不变·坚定的=明智·贤明的(名形同义)
(反)sagacious ◆ without wisdom/puerile/folly/fatuous
睿智 ◆ 没有机智/幼稚的/愚蠢/笨拙的
(同)wise, discerning,knowledgeable, shrewd, astute, perspicacious
(例)sagacious judge of character
(记)[sag] 敏锐(参考)sagacity·n.聪慧sage·adj.睿智的.n.贤哲 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:54
salient [seIlIEnt] adj.显著的,突出的(standing out conspicuously:prominent)
(类)salient·ignore=incomprehensible·understand 显著的不能忽略=不可理解的不能理解
subtle·ignore=salient·observe 微妙的东西容易被忽略=明显的东西容易被观察
(反)salient ◆ unconspicuous 显著的 ◆ 不明显的
(同)noticeable, arresting, conspicuous, prominent
(例)similar tot prohibition, but there are a couple of salient differences
(记)比较 silent 沉默的 把si换成sa 意思变成正相反
sate [seit] vt. 满足,充足,饮食过度(satisfy to the full; satisfy to excess; cloy)
(反)sate ◆ starve 饮食过度 ◆ 饿
(同)satiate, cloy, glut, gorge, stodge, surfeit
satiate [seIFIeIt] v. 饱足,过分满足(to satisfy fully or to excess)
(类)satiated·food=saturated·moisture 饱满的·食物=饱和的·湿度(过分关系)
(反)satiate ◆ tantalize 满足 ◆ 挑逗
(同)cloy, glut, gorge, jade, sate, stodge, surfeit
(例)tried to titillate rather than satiate his readers' interest 试图挑逗而不是满足读者的兴趣。
(记)sat (满)参考: sate v. 使心满意足 satiety n. 饱足,满足 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:55
satire [sAtaIE] n.讽剌作品(a literary work holding up human vices and follies to ridicule or
scorn);讽刺(trenchant wit, irony, or sarcasm used to expose and discredit vice or folly)
(类)panegyric·eulogize=lampoon·satirize 赞美诗·颂扬=讽刺文·讽刺(事物功用)
satire·ridicule=elegy·sorrow 讽剌作品·嘲笑=挽歌·悲哀(事物表达情感)
satire·lampoon=diligence·effort 讽刺·讽刺=勤奋·努力 (同义)
limerick·poem=lampoon·satire 打油诗·诗=讽刺文·讽刺作品 (种属)
【注:lampoon=satire(讽刺作品)specifically · a harsh satire usually directed against
an individual 嘲讽某个个人的强烈的讽刺作品】 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:56
saunter [sC:ntE] n./ v. 闲逛,漫步(to walk about in an idle or leisurely manner:stroll)
(类)prate·speak=saunter·walk 闲谈·说=漫步·走(闲散与正常)
(同)amble,drift,linger,stroll
(例)sauntered about the streets, stopping in at various shops
(记)saun 谐音“散”;联想:散步à漫步,闲逛
savanna [sEvAnE] n. 平原(a treeless plain especially in Florida);草原(a tropical or
subtropical grassland containing scattered trees and drought-resistant undergrowth)
(反)savanna ◆ slope 平原 ◆ 斜坡
(记)本词来自佛罗里达著名的“萨瓦纳平原”。
savant [sAvEnt] 博学之士,学者(a person of learning)
(反)savant ◆ unlearned person 博学之士 ◆ 没有学问的人
(记)谐音“斯文的”;联想:学者当然是斯文的。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:56
savory adj. 美味的,可口的(appetizing to the taste or smell)
(类)mellifluous·sound=savory·taste 悦耳的·声音=美味的·味道(前者修饰后者)
(反)savory ◆ noisome 味好的 ◆ 难闻的
sawdust [sC:dQst] n. 锯屑 fine particles (as of wood) made by a saw in cutting
(类)soot·combustion=sawdust·woodcutting 烟灰·燃烧=锯屑·木雕
wood·sawdust=metal·filings 木头·锯屑=金属·銼屑 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:56
scabbard [skAbEd] n. 鞘 v. 插入鞘中(a sheath for a sword, dagger, or bayonet)
(类)dagger·scabbard=pistol·holster 匕首·鞘=手枪·手枪皮套
(记)scab(疤)联想:鞘由皮革做成,表面粗糙象疤。参考:scabrous 粗糙的
scads [skAd] n. 许多,大量(a large number or quantity)
(反)scads ◆ paucity 大量 ◆ 极小量
(例)scads of money ;scads of opportunities
scale [skeIl] n. 天平,秤盘;音阶
(类)gauge·pressure=scale·weight=yardstick·length
量规·压力=天平·重量=码尺·长度·(测量工具及其对象)
color·spectrum=tone·scale 颜色·光谱=音调·音阶 (连续的前者构成后者)
【注:scale 音阶 a graduated series of musical tones ;spectrum 光谱a continuum of color】 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:57
scalpel [skAlpEl] n.手术刀(a small straight thin-bladed knife used especially in surgery)
(类)tackiness·adhesive=sharpness·scalpel
粘·粘合剂=锋利·手术刀 (事物典型特征)
scalpel·surgeon=telescope·astronomer
手术刀·外科医生=望远镜·天文学家(工具与其使用者)
(记)[scalp]头皮à刮头皮à手术刀 参考:skull 头骨
scan [skAn] vt. 分析韵律(to read or mark so as to show metrical structure)
(类)scan·metrical=parse·grammatical 分析韵律·(诗的)韵律的=分析语法·语法的
school [sku:l] n. 学派,鱼群
(类)school·fish=flock·birds 鱼群:鱼=鸟群:鸟 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:57
scintillate [sIntIleIt] v. 闪烁,(谈吐)流露机智(to throw off as a spark or as sparkling flashes)
(反)scintillating ◆ dull/foolly 才气横溢的 ◆ 迟钝的/愚蠢的
(例)scintillate witticisms
(记)scintill(火花) 参考:scintillating adj.才华横溢的
scoff [skC:f] n. 笑柄,嘲笑 v. 嘲笑(to treat or address with derision:mock)v.狼吞虎咽
(类)scoff·derisive=bluster·loud=pontificate·pompous
嘲笑·嘲笑的=怒号·大声的=武断·高傲的(动作典型特征)
scoff·contempt=thank·gratitude 嘲笑·轻蔑=感谢·感谢(同义)
(同)scoff, jeer, gibe, fleer, sneer, flout
(例)scoffed at their concerns
scooter [sku:tE] n. 滑行车,踏板车
(类)oscillation·swing=momentum·scooter 振动·秋千=动力·滑行车(后者运动需要前者)
score [skC:] n. 乐谱,分数
(类)director·script=conductor·score 导演·剧本=指挥·乐谱(前者根据后者展开工作)
script·drama=score·music 剧本·戏剧=乐谱·音乐(组成)
notes·score=symbols·rebus 音符·乐谱=符号·画谜(组成)
scorn [skC:n] n. 轻蔑 vt. 轻蔑,鄙视,不屑(reject or dismiss as contemptible or unworthy)
(类)venerable·reverence=despicable·scorn 可敬的·尊敬=可鄙的·鄙视(因果关系)
scorn·reject= disparage·ignore 鄙斥·拒斥=轻视·忽视(褒贬)
【注】后者不带感情色彩,而前者带有主观的感情色彩;
干扰:adulate ·flatter谄媚·奉承(程度)
scorn:reject or dismiss as contemptible or unworthy
adulate:to flater or admire excessively or slavishly
(反)scorn ◆ adulate/ venerate 鄙视 ◆ 谄媚/尊敬
(同)despise, abhor, contemn, disdain, scout
(例)scorned the traditions of their ancestors 鄙视祖先的传统
scorned to reply to the charge 不屑答复这一指控 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:58
scour [skauE] vt. 擦洗;全面检查(to go through or range over in or as if in a search)
(类)scour·wash 擦洗·洗
scowl [skaul] vi. 皱眉(表现出不高兴)(to contract the brow in an expression of displeasure)
(类)scowl·displeasure=kiss·affection 皱眉头·不悦=亲吻·感情(动作表达情感)
(例)idioms look black as thunder, pull a face (or scowl)
script [skript] n. 手迹,手稿,剧本(the written text of a stage play, screenplay, or broadcast)
(类)script·drama=score·music 剧本·戏剧=乐谱·音乐(组成关系)
script · play = score · symphony 剧本·戏剧=乐谱·交响乐(前者是后者进行的基础)
scrupulous [skru:pjulEs] adj. 小心谨慎的,正直的(having moral integrity;painstaking)
(反)probity ◆ unscrupulousness 正直的 ◆ 不正直的
(同)upright,conscientious , painstaking, punctilious
(例)working with scrupulous care
(记)[scruple]顾及+[lous]à很多顾及à小心谨慎的
scrutinize [skru:tinaiz] v. 仔细检查(to examine closely and minutely)
(类)observe·scrutinize=question·grill 观察·细查=询问·拷问(程度)
scrutinize·gloss=delve·skim 细查·掠过=深入研究·浏览(程度)
headstrong·advice=secretive·scrutiny刚愎的排斥别人的建议=秘密的排斥别人的审查
(反)scrutinize ◆ gloss over 细查 ◆ 马虎
scrutiny ◆ casual glance 精读 ◆ 随意一瞥
circumspect ◆ audacious 慎重的·鲁莽的 (干扰:unscrupulous行为不检点的)
(同)scrutinize, scan, inspect, examine
(例)scrutinized the hospital bill
scuff [skQf] n. v. 拖着脚走,磨损(to become scratched, chipped, or roughened by wear)
(类)scuff·abrasion=heat·vaporization 拖着脚走·磨损=加热·蒸发(动作及其结果)
(记)象声词。谐音·斯喀~~磨鞋的声音 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:59
sculpt [skQlpt] v. 雕刻(carve, sculpture)
(参考)sculptor n. 雕刻家 sculpture n. 雕刻品
(类)canvas·painter=marble·sculptor 画布·画家=大理石·雕刻家(人物及其工作对象)
statue·sculpture=ode·poem 雕像·雕刻品=颂诗·诗(种属)
author·novel=sculptor·marble 作家·小说=雕塑家·大理石(人物及其创作工作对象)
【注:chef·banquet(厨师:宴会) 是干扰选项。厨师的直接工作对象当然是食物,宴
会与厨师有关但并非厨师是主角。】
scurrilous [skQrilEs] adj. 说粗话的,猥亵的(using or given to coarse language containing
obscenities, abuse, or slander)
(类)scurrilous·propriety=mercurial·constancy 下流的·得体=易变的·一致(反面特征) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:59
sculpt [skQlpt] v. 雕刻(carve, sculpture)
(参考)sculptor n. 雕刻家 sculpture n. 雕刻品
(类)canvas·painter=marble·sculptor 画布·画家=大理石·雕刻家(人物及其工作对象)
statue·sculpture=ode·poem 雕像·雕刻品=颂诗·诗(种属)
author·novel=sculptor·marble 作家·小说=雕塑家·大理石(人物及其创作工作对象)
【注:chef·banquet(厨师:宴会) 是干扰选项。厨师的直接工作对象当然是食物,宴
会与厨师有关但并非厨师是主角。】
scurrilous [skQrilEs] adj. 说粗话的,猥亵的(using or given to coarse language containing
obscenities, abuse, or slander)
(类)scurrilous·propriety=mercurial·constancy 下流的·得体=易变的·一致(反面特征) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:59
(同)abusive,invective,truculent,vituperative;obscene, indecent
(例)scurrilous imposters who used a religious exterior to rob poor people
a campaign filled with scurrilous charges and countercharges
scurvy [skE:vi] adj. 下流的,可鄙的(disgustingly mean or contemptible:despicable)
(反)scurvy ◆ above reproach 可鄙的 ◆ 不受指责的
(同)contemptible, beggarly, cheap, despicable, mean, shabby
scythe [saIT] n. 长柄的大镰刀,战车镰
(类)scythe·reaper=axe·woodcutter 镰刀·收割者=斧子·伐木者(人及其工具关系)
seascape n. 海景(a view of the sea), 海景画(a picture representing a scene at sea)
(类)portrait·person =seascape·ocean 肖像·人=海景画·海 (前者描述后者) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 15:59
(同)abusive,invective,truculent,vituperative;obscene, indecent
(例)scurrilous imposters who used a religious exterior to rob poor people
a campaign filled with scurrilous charges and countercharges
scurvy [skE:vi] adj. 下流的,可鄙的(disgustingly mean or contemptible:despicable)
(反)scurvy ◆ above reproach 可鄙的 ◆ 不受指责的
(同)contemptible, beggarly, cheap, despicable, mean, shabby
scythe [saIT] n. 长柄的大镰刀,战车镰
(类)scythe·reaper=axe·woodcutter 镰刀·收割者=斧子·伐木者(人及其工具关系)
seascape n. 海景(a view of the sea), 海景画(a picture representing a scene at sea)
(类)portrait·person =seascape·ocean 肖像·人=海景画·海 (前者描述后者) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 16:00
segment [se^mEnt] n. 片断 vt. 分割(to separate into segments:give off as segments)
(反)segment ◆ make whole 分割 ◆ 使成整体
self-abasement [ selfEbeismEnt ] n.自卑, 自谦(degradation or humiliation of oneself;especially
because of feelings of guilt or inferiority)
(反)self-abasement ◆ self-asserting 自卑 ◆ 自信(干扰self-aggrandize增大自己的势力,实力)
【注】self-aggrandizing:the act or process of making oneself greater (as in power or influence)
seminal [si:minl] adj. 有创意的,种子的,萌芽的(containing or contributing the seeds of
later development:creative, original)
(反)seminal ◆ hampering further development 萌芽的 ◆ 阻碍进一步发展
seminal ◆ derivative 有创意的 ◆ 派生的
(同)one of the most seminal of the great poets
(记)[semin]种+[al]à有创见的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 16:01
sentinel [sentinl] n. 哨兵,看守
(类)sentinel·watchful=epicure·discriminating 哨兵·警觉的=美食家·辨别(人物典型行为)
(记)[sent]感觉à感觉者à哨兵(参考)sentry哨兵,步哨
sepulchral [sipQlkrEl] adj. 坟墓的,阴深的,忧郁的(suited to or suggestive of a sepulchre)
(反)sepulchral ◆ merry 忧郁的 ◆ 欢快的
(同)mortuary
(记)谐音“赛跑车”联想:赛跑车很危险,离进坟墓不远了。
septic [septIk] adj. 腐败的 n. 腐烂物(of, relating to, or causing putrefaction)
(反)septic ◆ free of infection 腐败的 ◆ 未被感染的
serendipity [serEndIpItI] n. 善于发掘新奇事物的天赋(the faculty or phenomenon of
finding valuable or agreeable things not sought for)
(类)serendipitous·effort=ineluctable·chance
靠天赋或运气获得的·努力=不可避免的·机会(缺乏关系)
【注:serendipitous :obtained or characterized by serendipity 靠天赋或运气获得的】
(记)serendipity=seven+dip=七个小矮人挖=有挖出财宝的天赋
serrate [serit] adj. 锯齿状的(notched or toothed on the edge)
(反)serrated ◆ without notches/smooth 锯齿形的 ◆ 无凹口的/平滑的
(例)jagged peaks and serrate ridges
(记)[serr]=saw锯子+atedà锯齿状的(参考)serration锯齿状;serried密集的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 16:02
severe [sIvIE] adj. 严格的,凶猛的(of a strict or stern bearing or manner:austere)
(类)mitigate·severe=qualify·general 减轻·剧烈的=使具有资格·一般的(消除关系)
palmy·prosperity=draconian·severity 繁荣的·繁荣=严格的·严格(形容词及其名词)
(同)ascetic, astringent, stern, austere, dour, brutal, inclement
(例)treated all the students with severe impartiality 以非常公正的态度对待所有的学生
a severe winter storm 一场严酷的冬季暴风雪
(参考)sever切断,脱离
shackle [FAkl] vt. 加枷锁,束缚(to deprive of freedom especially of action by means of
restrictions or handicaps)
(反)shackle ◆ loose/emancipate 束缚 ◆ 放松/解放
(同)fetter,impede,hamper 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 16:03
shallow [FAlEJ] 浅的,浅薄的(lacking in depth of knowledge, thought, or feeling)
(反)shallow ◆ profound 浅薄的 ◆ 深刻的
(同)shoal, superficial
(例)buried in a shallow grave 埋在浅浅的墓穴中
a shallow demagogue 一个浅薄的煽动者
shrewd [Fru:d] adj. 精明的, 机敏的(marked by clever discerning awareness and hardheaded
acumen) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 16:04
(反)shrewd ◆ foolish/ na?ve 精明的 ◆ 愚蠢的/幼稚的
(同)shrewd,sagacious,perspicacious,astute,savvy
(例)the captain was a shrewd judge of character
(参考)shrew泼妇
shrine [FraIn] n. 神殿,圣地
(类)shrine·pilgrim=peak·climber 圣地·圣地朝圣者=山顶:登山者(前者是后者的目标)
shrug [FrQ^] v. 耸肩(表示冷漠、怀疑等)to lift or contract(the shoulders)especially
to express aloofness, indifference, or uncertainty
(类)shrug·indifference=blush·embarrassment=nod·agreement=bow·respect
耸肩·不关心=脸红·困窘=点头·同意=鞠躬·尊敬(动作及其表达态度)
(参考)shrub 灌木
simulate [sImjJleIt] vt. 模拟,假装,模仿(to give or assume the appearance or effect of often
with the intent to deceive)
(反)simulation ◆ authentic article 模仿品 ◆ 真品
(记)[simul]相同+[ate]à使相同à假装 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 16:04
sin [sIn] n. 犯罪,过失(an offense against religious or moral law)
(类)peccadillo·sin=admonishment·castigation 小错·犯罪=警告·惩罚(程度关系)
(同)evil,crime,iniquity,wrongdoing
siren [saIErEn] n. 塞壬;海妖之一,用歌声诱惑海员,使船只在岛屿周围触礁沉没
(类)siren·unresist=juggernaut·unstop
海妖·无法抗拒的=压倒性力量·无法阻止的(事物典型特征)
siren·sound=beacon·light 汽笛发出声音=灯塔发出光亮
siren·heard=light·seen 警报·被听见=光·被看见(事物及其感知方式)
(例)a slinky siren of the silent screen era 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-29 16:05
skeleton [skelIt(E)n] n. 骨架,骨骼,提纲(a usually rigid supportive or protective structure or
framework of an organism)
(类)skeleton·animal= framing·building 骨架·动物=框架·房屋
skeptic [skeptIk] n. 怀疑者,怀疑论者,无神论者(a doubting or incredulous person)
(类)penitent·obdurate=skeptic·credulous 悔过者·顽固的=怀疑者·轻信的(反特)
(反)votary ◆ skeptic 信徒 ◆ 怀疑者
credence ◆ skeptic 信任 ◆ 怀疑
skepticism ◆ conviction 怀疑论 ◆ 确信
(例)people of long experience are often skeptics
(参考)sceptical怀疑的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-31 10:37
skimp [skimp] v. 节省花费,吝啬(provide scantily;live very economically)
(类)parsimonious·skimp=malingering·shirk 吝啬的·吝啬=装病逃避·逃避(形动同义)
(同)scrimp, scrape, screw, spare, stint
(参考)skimpy adj. 吝啬的,太少的
skirmish [sk\:mIF] n. 小冲突(a minor fight in war usually incidental to larger movements)
(类)skirmish·insignificance= duel·formality 小冲突·微不足道=决斗·正式的
skirt [sk\:t] vt. 回避,绕…走(to avoid especially because of difficulty or fear of controversy)
(反)skirt ◆ seek/face 回避 ◆ 寻求/面对
skirt ◆ pass the center directly 绕走 ◆ 穿过中央 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-31 10:38
skit [skIt] n. 滑稽短剧(a satirical or humorous story or sketch)
(类)skit·play=anecdote·narrative 滑稽短剧·戏剧=小故事·记叙文(名词短与正常)
vignette·scene=skit·drama 小场景·场景=滑稽短剧·戏剧(名词短与正常)
slake [sleIk] vt. 消除,平息(quench),使满足,解渴(satisfy as thirst)
(类)gratify·desire=slake·thirst= satiate·hunger
使满足·欲望=解渴·口渴=饱足·饥饿(行为及其消除对象)
(例)He will slake your curiosity
(记)[s]+lakeà一湖水à解渴 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-31 10:38
slant [slAnt] n. v.(使)倾斜,倾向,偏见(to interpret or present in line with a special interest:angle)
(反)slant ◆ assert without bias 偏见 ◆ 没有偏见的断言
(例)stories slanted toward youth
accused the media of slanting the news against the president
slate [sleIt] n. 石板,候选人(提名)名单(a tablet used for writing on)
(类)roster·personnel=slate·candidate 花名册记录职员=候选人名单记录候选人
(记) [slat]板条+eà石板à古希腊选举在石板上刻上候选人名单
slight [slaIt] adj. 纤细的, 轻微的(TRIVIAL), 少量的(SCANTY)
(反)grievous ◆ slight 严重的 ◆ 轻微的(lacking in strength or substance)
prodigious ◆ slight 巨大的 ◆ 微小的(small of its kind or in amount)
ponderous ◆ slight 笨重的 ◆ 纤细的(not stout or massive in body)
massive ◆ slight 大量的 ◆ 少量的(small of its kind or in amount)
slight [slaIt] n. vt. 轻蔑,怠慢,冷漠(to treat with disdain or indifference)
(类)celebration·lament=slight·show respect 庆祝·悲叹=轻蔑·表示敬意(反义)
(反)cosset ◆ slight 宠爱 ◆ 冷漠
slight ◆ show respect to 轻蔑 ◆ 表示敬意
(同)neglect, discount, disregard, forget, ignore, overlook 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-31 10:38
sling [slIN] n. (支撑伤臂或伤手的)吊带,三角巾
(类)splint·immobilize=sling·support(干扰sieve·flow)夹板用来固定=吊带用来支撑
(例)He had to keep his broken arm in a sling. 他不得不把断胳膊固定在吊带上。
slink [ sliNk ] v. 溜走(to go or move stealthily or furtively)
(同)sneak, creep, gumshoe, lurk, pussyfoot, shirk, skulk, slide, ||snake, steal
slippery [slIpErI] adj. 滑的(causing or tending to slide or fall;unstable),狡猾的(tricky)
(类)dingy·glisten=slippery·adhere 暗黑的不反光=滑溜的不粘附(反面特征)
splint·mobility=ballast·instability =purchase·slippery
夹板·可动性=压载物·不稳定=紧握·光滑(动作与消除对象)
duct·convey=splint·immobilize 管道·运输=夹板·使固定(物品及其功能)
slippery·elude=alluring·entice (容易关系)狡猾的·逃脱=迷人的·诱惑
(同)slick, lubricious, unstable; tricky
(参考)slipper 拖鞋 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-31 10:38
sloth [slEuW] n. 怠惰,懒惰(disinclination to action or labor · indolence)
(类)rakish· restraint=slothful· assiduity放荡的·抑制=偷懒的·刻苦 (名形反义)
(反)sloth ◆ industry 懒惰 ◆ 勤奋
(同)idleness, indolence, slouch, sluggishness
(例)a bland sloth-provoking summer day 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-31 10:39
slouch [slaJtF] n. 懒惰无能的人 v. 懒散(to sit, stand, or walk with an awkward, drooping,
excessively relaxed posture)
(反)slouch ◆ stand erect 没精打采地站着 ◆ 笔直地站着
slovenly [slQvEnli] adj. 懒散的, 不修边幅的(untidy; careless in work habits; slipshod)
(类) indulged·adherent=slovenly·dapper 放纵的·关联的=邋遢的·衣冠楚楚的(反义)
【注:adherent:adj.connected or associated with especially by contract 靠契约联系在一起的n. a follower of a leader, party, or profession 信徒,追随者】
(反)slovenly ◆ tidy/ natty/ dapper 邋遢的 ◆ 整洁的
(同)slovenly, careless, disheveled, slipshod, sloppy, unkempt, untidy
sluggard [slQ^Ed] n. 懒鬼, 游手好闲的人(an habitually lazy person)
(类)rapscallion·mischievous=sluggard·lazy 流氓·为害的=懒鬼·懒惰 (正特)
(例)a sluggard who wanted to sleep all day
(记)slug一种行动缓慢的虫儿+gardà懒鬼 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-31 10:39
sluggish [slQ^IF] adj. 行动迟缓的,缓慢的,迟钝的(indolent,torpid;slow to respond;markedly
slow in movement, flow, or growth)
(反)alacrity ◆ sluggish 敏捷 ◆ 迟缓的
(同)lethargic,slumberous,stupid,torpid;slow
slumber [slQmbE] n. v. 睡眠,沉睡状态(sleep;a light sleep)
(反)slumber ◆ awake 睡眠 ◆ 醒
(参考)slumberous 昏昏欲睡的
sly [slaI] adj. 狡猾的,诡密的,不坦率(lacking in straightforwardness and candor·dissembling)
(反)sly ◆ artless/ ingenuous 不坦率 ◆ 朴实的/ 诚实的
(同)artful, astute, crafty, cunning, foxy, guileful, subtle, tricky
(例)crazy like a fox, cunning as a fox (or serpent), sly as a fox 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-31 10:40
smarmy [smB:mI] adj. 虚情假意的(revealing by a smug, ingratiating, or false earnestness)
(反)smarmy ◆ earnest 虚情假意的 ◆ 真挚的
(同)sleek,glossy, polished
(例)a tone of smarmy self-satisfaction
(记)smarm(= to smear 涂抹,掩饰)
smart [smB:t] vi. 刺痛,快速反应(to cause or be the cause or seat of a sharp poignant pain)
(类)smart·pain=grieve·sorrow 刺痛·痛苦=伤心·悲伤(动名同义)
(反)smart ◆ soothe 刺痛 ◆ 抚慰
(例)gave him a slap that was hard enough to smart
smart 2 [smB:t] adj. 整洁的(neat,trim)聪明的,潇洒的(stylish or elegant in dress or appearance)
(反)tatty ◆ smart 衣衫褴褛的 ◆ 整洁的
smattering [smAtErIN] n. 一知半解,浅薄的知识(superficial piecemeal knowledge)
(反) erudite ◆ smattering of knowledge 博学的 ◆ 一知半解 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-31 10:40
smirk [sm\:k] v.假笑,得意地笑(to smile in an affected or smug manner · simper)
(类)smirk·smugness=sneer·derision 得意地笑·自满=冷笑·嘲笑(动作与表达的心理)
(同)simper,smirkle
(例)smirking children imitating their teacher
smuggle [smQ^El] v. 走私,私运(to import or export secretly and in violation of the law)
(类)collude·cooperate=smuggle·convey 勾结·合作=走私·运输(动作秘密与正常)
smuggler·import= embezzler·appropriate 走私者·运输=盗用公款者·挪用
smuggler·tariff=stowaway·fare 走私犯·关税=偷渡者·费用
(反)smuggle ◆ transport openly 走私 ◆ 公开运输
(例)smuggling weapons into the country
snare [snZE] v. 诱捕(to trap with or as if with a snare)n. 陷井
(反)snare ◆ boo 诱捕 ◆ 用嘘声轰赶
(参考)ensnare 使入圈套
snarl [snB:l] vi. n. 缠结,咆哮
(类)exoneration·blame=disentangle·snarl 免除责任·责备=松开·纠缠(反义)
(反)disentangle ◆ snarl 解开纠结 ◆ 纠缠
snarler ◆ coo 狂吠 ◆ 咕咕声 snarler n. 咆哮的人, 狂吠的动物
(参考)snarled纠缠不清的;gnarl节疤 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-31 10:40
sneer [snIE] n. 冷笑,嘲笑 vt. 轻蔑(to laugh with facial contortions that express scorn or contempt)
(类)smirk·smugness=sneer·derision 得意地笑·自满=轻蔑·嘲笑(动作表达心理)
wince·pain=pout·displeasure 畏缩·痛苦=撅嘴·不愉快( 动作与反映的心理)
(同)leer,scoff, flout, gibe, gird, jest, quip(at), scout(at)
(例)sneered haughtily at the beggar
snobbish [snCbiF] adj. 势利的(snobby)
(类)attentive·officious=refined·snobbish 留意的·多管闲事的=优雅的·过于讲究的 (程度)
(例)a snobbish group of jet-set sophisticates
(参考)snob势利的人
snub [snQb] v. 冷落,不理睬 ,轻蔑(to treat with contempt or neglect)
(类)dissemble·honesty=snub·politeness 掩饰·诚实=冷落·礼貌(动名反义)
snub·disdain=double-cross·disloyalty 冷落·蔑视=欺骗出卖·不忠实(动名同义)
(反)court ◆ snub 向…献殷勤 ◆ 冷落 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-31 10:41
soak [sEJk] v. 浸泡,渗透(to permeate so as to wet, soften, or fill thoroughly)
(类)soaking·wet/damp=exuberant·happy=frigid·cool
湿透的·潮湿的=非常高兴的·高兴的=严寒的·凉爽的(程度)
castigation·reproof=soaking·damp 强烈责背·谴责=湿透的·潮湿的(程度)
(同)drench, saturate, sodden, sop, souse, steep, wet, deluge
(例)soak a sponge with water 用水浸透海绵
Rain soaked her to the skin 雨把她给淋透了。
(参考)soaked 湿透的
sodden [sCdn] adj. 浑身湿透的,浸过酒的(heavy with or as if with moisture or water)
(类)marsh·sodden=desert·arid 沼泽·湿透的=沙漠·干燥的(事物典型特征)
moist·sodden=surprised·astonished 潮湿的·湿透的=吃惊的·震惊的(程度)
(反)sodden ◆ desiccated 湿透的 ◆ 干燥的
(同)wet, drenched, saturated, soaked
(例)the sodden ground
solace [sRlEs] n. v. 安慰. 慰藉(alleviation of grief or anxiety)
(类)solace·grief=pacification·anger 安慰·忧愁=平息·忿怒(行为及其消除对象)
(同)comfort, cheer, console
(参考)console安慰
solder [sRdEr] v. 焊接,焊合(to unite or make whole by solder)
(反)breach ◆ solder 弄出裂口 ◆ 焊合
(例)A friendship soldered by common interests.
solemnity [sElemniti] n. 严肃, 一本正经(seriousness;gravity)
(反)jest ◆ solemnity 玩笑 ◆ 严肃
(例)the solemnity of his words 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-1-31 10:41
solicitous [sElIsItEs] adj. 热切的,挂念的(worried,concerned)
(反)solicitous ◆ unconcerned 挂念的 ◆ 不关心的
solicitude ◆ indifference 关怀 ◆ 冷漠
(同)eager, anxious, ardent, avid, impatient, keen
(例)a solicitous inquiry about his health
(记)solicit恳求+[ous]à挂念的
spat [spAt] n. 小争吵(a brief petty quarrel or angry outburst)
(类)cabal·association=spat·quarrel 阴谋小集团·协会=小争吵·吵架(小与正常)
spate [speIt] n. 泛滥,洪水;大量(sudden flood; a large number or amount)
(反)spate ◆ dearth 大量 ◆ 缺乏
spate ◆ trickling flow 洪水 ◆ 滴流
(同)flood, deluge,torrent
(记)s+pa+te(谐音:水沛的)→水很丰沛→洪水,泛滥 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:41
specific [ spisifik ] n. 特效药 adj. 特有的,独特的(special, distinctive, or unique)
(反)generic ◆ specific 一般的,普遍的 ◆ 特有的,独特的
(记)参考:specify指定,详细说明
specious [spi:FEs] adj.似是而非的(having a false look of truth or genuineness)
(类)specious·genuineness=illusory·reality 似是而非·真实=幻觉的·现实(前者缺乏后者)
(反)specious ◆ valid 似是而非的 ◆ 真实有效的
(同)false, erroneous, inaccurate, incorrect, unsound, sophistic
speck [spek] n. 小点,斑点,少量(a very small amount:bit)
(类)mite·creature=speck·amount 螨虫·动物=少量·数量(小或少与正常)
(记)peck 啄食,吃一点点(参考)peccadillo小过失
spectator [spekteItEr] n. 观众,目击者,旁观者(one who looks on or watches)
(类)epicure·discriminating=spectator·watching美食家·有识别力的=观众·观看的(正特)
(记)spect(看)+ator→看客→旁观者 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:42
specific [ spisifik ] n. 特效药 adj. 特有的,独特的(special, distinctive, or unique)
(反)generic ◆ specific 一般的,普遍的 ◆ 特有的,独特的
(记)参考:specify指定,详细说明
specious [spi:FEs] adj.似是而非的(having a false look of truth or genuineness)
(类)specious·genuineness=illusory·reality 似是而非·真实=幻觉的·现实(前者缺乏后者)
(反)specious ◆ valid 似是而非的 ◆ 真实有效的
(同)false, erroneous, inaccurate, incorrect, unsound, sophistic
speck [spek] n. 小点,斑点,少量(a very small amount:bit)
(类)mite·creature=speck·amount 螨虫·动物=少量·数量(小或少与正常)
(记)peck 啄食,吃一点点(参考)peccadillo小过失
spectator [spekteItEr] n. 观众,目击者,旁观者(one who looks on or watches)
(类)epicure·discriminating=spectator·watching美食家·有识别力的=观众·观看的(正特)
(记)spect(看)+ator→看客→旁观者 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:42
spectrum [spektrEm] n.光,光谱(colored band produced when a beam of light passed through a
prism)
(类)color·spectrum=tone·scale 颜色·光谱=音调·音阶(事物及其组合体)
(记)spect(看)+um→看到的颜色→光谱
speculate [spekjJleIt] vi. 深思,推测(to meditate on or ponder a subject:reflect)
(反)conjecture ◆ restrain from the speculation 猜测 ◆ 不采取猜测
spendthrift [spendWrIft] n. 挥霍者(a person who spends improvidently or wastefully)
(类)craven·hero=parsimonious·spendthrift 懦夫·英雄=吝啬的·挥霍无度的(反义)
miser·parsimonious=spendthrift·prodigal 吝啬鬼·吝啬的=浪费的人·挥霍的(正特)
(反)spendthrift ◆ miser 浪费的人 ◆ 吝啬鬼
(同)prodigal, profligate, squanderer, unthrift, wastrel
(例)A spendthrift lost his estate through gambling.
(记)spend花费+thrift节约à把节约的钱都花掉à挥霍者
spent [spent] adj. 精疲力竭的,失去效用的(drained of energy or effectiveness:exhausted)
(类)precarious·stability=spent·efficacy 不稳定的·稳定性=失去效用的·功效 (缺乏)
(例)a spent arrow 强弩之末 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:42
spindly [spIndlI] adj.细长的,纤弱的(frail or flimsy in appearance or structure)
(类)limber·flexibility=spindly·frailty 柔软的·弹性=纤弱的·脆弱
(参考)spindle 仿锤,形状细长
spiny [spaInI] adj. 多刺的,棘手的(abounding with difficulties or annoyances:thorny)
(反)spiny ◆ smooth 多刺的 ◆ 光滑的
(记)来自spine脊骨,隆起,刺 参考:spineless无脊椎的,没有骨气的
spire [spaIE(r)] n. 教堂的尖塔,尖顶(the upper tapering part of something; pinnacle)
(类)spire·church=minaret·mosque 尖顶·教堂=尖塔·清真寺(前者是后者顶部的建筑)
spleen [spli:n] n.脾,脾气,怒气,怨恨(feelings of anger or ill will often suppressed)
(反)spleen ◆ good will 怨恨 ◆ 善意
(同)malice, despite,grudge, maliciousness 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:42
splint [splInt] n.(固定断骨的)夹板,托板(material or a device used to protect and immobilize
a body part),薄木片(a thin piece split or broken off lengthwise;sliver)
(类)splint·mobility=ballast·instability=purchase·slippery=lubricant·friction
夹板·灵活性=压舱物·不稳定=紧握·光滑(前者消除后者)
splint·immobilize=duct·convey 夹板·使不能移动=输送管·输送(事物及其功用)
buttress·edifice=splint·limb 扶壁·大厦=夹板·四肢(事物及其作用对象)
crumb·bread=splint·wood 面包屑·面包=木片·木头(事物及其特殊状态)
spoke [spEJk] n.(车轮上)幅条,阻碍物(any of the small radiating bars inserted in the hub
of a wheel to support the rim)
(类)spoke·hub=radius·center 幅条·毂,中心=半径·中心(前者从后者辐射出去)
spontaneous [spRnteInIEs] adj. 自发的,本能的(acting without apparent thought or eliberation)
(类)juggernaut·unstoppable=extemporization·spontaneous
摧毁一切的强大力量·无法阻止的=即席演说·自发的(人物典型特征)
【注:boast·dishonest 自夸·不诚实的 自夸是一种态度,诚实是一种品质,两者无必然因果联系】
(反)spontaneous ◆ premeditated 一时冲动的 ◆ 预先考虑的
(同)automatic, impulsive, instinctive, unmeditated, unpremeditated
(例)spontaneous burst of applause 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:43
sprightly [spraItlI] adj.愉快的,活泼的(marked by a gay lightness and vivacity)
(类)dodder·unsteady=cavort·sprightly 蹒跚·不稳的=腾跃·活泼地(动作特征)
(反)hangdog ◆ sprightly 沮丧的 ◆ 愉快的
(同)lively,spirited alert, animate, keen, vivacious
(记)spring+brightlyà明快的春天à愉快的,活泼的
squabble [skwRbl] n. 争论,口角,小争吵(a noisy altercation or minor quarrel)
(类)squabble·dispute/quarrel =foible·failing 小争吵·争论=小缺点·缺点 (小和正常)
tiff·squabble=foible·failing 小争吵·争吵=小缺点·缺点 (小和正常)
【注:foible:a minor flaw or shortcoming in character or behavior|| tiff:a petty quarrel
squabble除了表示小争吵外还可表示正常的争吵a noisy altercation】
(同)spat,tiff,quarrel 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:44
squander [skwRndE] vt. 浪费,使分散(to spend extravagantly or foolishly:dissipate)
(类)proctor·supervise=prodigal·squander 学监·监督=浪费者·浪费(正面特征)
【注:proctor :supervisor, monitor; specifically· one appointed to supervise students
(as at an examination) 监督者,尤其是被任命监督学生的人,如考试中的监考者。】
(反)squander ◆ conserve/husband 浪费 ◆ 保存/节俭
(记)s+quan(谐音“款”=钱)→撕钱→浪费 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:44
squat [skwRt] adj. 敦实的,矮壮结实的(marked by disproportionate shortness or thickness)
(反) squat ◆ tall and thin 矮状结实的 ◆ 又高又瘦的
(记)原义“蹲”谐音“敦”→敦实的
squint [skwInt] v. 斜视(to look or peer with eyes partly closed)
(类)squint·eye=pucker·mouth 斜视·眼=噘嘴·嘴巴 (人物器官及其特殊形态)
(记)squi(谐音“私窥”)→私下里窥视→斜着眼看
区别:quaint离奇有趣的;acquaintance熟人
squelch [skweltF] n. v. 压制,镇压(to completely suppress:quell)
(反)squelch ◆ foment/ kindle 压制 ◆ 煽动/激发
(同)squash, quell
(记)squelch,squash,quell等词都有可能是拟声词。
stabilize [steIbIlaIz] v. 稳定(to make stable, steadfast, or firm)
(反)stability ◆ inconstancy 稳定性 ◆ 反复无常
stabilize ◆ fluctuate 稳定 ◆ 波动 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:44
stagnant [stA^nEnt] adj. 不流动的,停滞的,不活泼的(not flowing in a current or stream)
(反)stagnant ◆ flowing 停滞的 ◆ 流动的
(同)static, immobile, stationary
(记)[stagn]=stand+antà不动的
staid [steId] adj. 稳重的,沉着的(marked by settled sedateness and often prim self-restraint)
(反)staid ◆ jaunty 沉重的 ◆ 轻快的
puckish ◆ staid 淘气的 ◆ 严肃的
(记)stay的过去式
(同)sober, grave
stalemate [steIlmeIt] n. 和棋局面,僵局(a drawn contest:deadlock)
(类)clog·drainage=stalemate·negotiations 阻塞防碍排水=僵局阻碍谈判
(记)stale(陈腐的)
stalk [stC:k] v. 暗中追踪(to pursue quarry or prey stealthily)
(类)collude·cooperate=stalk·follow=infiltrate·enter
串通·合作=暗中追踪·跟随=秘密潜入·进入
grazing·foragers=stalking·hunter 放牧·放牧者= 暗中追踪·追踪捕猎者 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:45
stanza [stAnzE] n.(诗)节,段(a division of a poem consisting of a series of lines)
(类)ballad·stanza=novel·chapter 歌谣·诗节=小说·章节 (部分与整体关系)
stanza·line=volume·issue=concert·program 诗节·诗句=合订本·期=音乐会·节目
【注· volume · a series of issues of a periodical】
stanza·poem/poetry=act·opera=movement·symphony=paragraph· prose
诗节·诗=幕·歌剧 =乐章·交响乐=段落·散文(部分与整体关系)
(记)stan(站住)+za=诗停住的地方=(诗)节,段
(同)strophe
startle [stB:tl] vt. 使大吃一惊 n. 吃惊(to frighten or surprise suddenly and usually not seriously)
(反)startle ◆ lull 使大吃一惊 ◆ 使平静(干扰:appease, reconcile平息,安抚)
【注】lull:soothe or calm 是从一种惊讶,恐惧的情绪中平静下来。而appease,reconcile带有安抚
的意味,多指使人从愤怒、悲痛、烦恼等情绪的安静下来。
(同)frighten,alarm,fright,scare 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:46
static [stAtIk] adj. 静态的,呆板的,停滞的(a lack of movement, animation, or progression)
(类)static·move=pliable·inflexible 静态的·移动=顺从的·固执的
(反)motility ◆ stasis 运动性 ◆ 停滞
stasis ◆ period of change 稳定 ◆ 改变期间
(同)immobile,stagnant,stationary
stature [stAtjE] n. 身高, 身材(natural height in an upright position)
(类)stature·tall=sound·loud 身材高大=声音宏亮(事物及其修饰)
(记)stat 站 + ure(状态) 联想:站着展示身高,身材
辨别:status 地位,身份 statute 法令,条例
sterile [sterEl] adj. 不毛的(unproductive of vegetation)无菌的(free from living organisms and
especially microorganisms)
(类)impeccable·flaw=sterile·germ/ bacteria
没有缺点的·错误,缺点=无菌的·细菌(缺乏关系)
plain·austere=clean·sterile 朴素的·简朴的=洁净的·无菌的(同义)
(反)verdant ◆ sterile 青翠的 ◆ 不毛的
sterilize ◆ contaminate 杀菌 ◆ 污染
(同)barren,impotent, infecund, infertile
(类)sterilization·microorganisms=deforestation·trees
杀菌·微生物=采伐森林·树木(前者去除后者)
stickler [stIklE] n.坚持细节之人,一丝不苟的人(one who insists on exactness or
completeness in the observance of something)
(类)stickler·exacting =pedagogue·indoctrinate
一丝不苟者·苛求的=教师·灌输(人物典型行为)
stickler·exacting=defeatist·resigned
坚持细节之人· 苛求的=悲观主义者·听天由命的
stickler·derelict=poseur·unaffected
一丝不苟的人不会玩忽职守=装模做样的人不自然
(记)stickle(固执己见)+er stick(粘住引申为坚持)+ler 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:50
stifle [staIfl] vt. 抑制, 使窒息(to withhold from circulation or expression:repress; to kill by
depriving of oxygen :suffocate)
(反)stifle ◆ foment/foster ◆ stifle 抑制 ◆ 煽动/鼓励
(同)suppress,suffocate
stigma [stI^mE] n. 耻辱,污名(a mark of shame or discredit:stain)
(反)stigma ◆ mark of esteem 耻辱 ◆ 尊敬的标志
(同)stain, blur, brand, slur, spot
(记)stigmatize vt. 污蔑、玷污
stratagem [strAtidVEm] n.谋略,策略(a cleverly contrived trick or scheme for gaining an end)
(类)stratagem·deceive=concession·placate 计谋·欺骗=让步·安抚 (手段目的)
(同)trick ,artifice, device, feint, ploy, wile
strait [streIt] n. 海峡(a comparatively narrow passageway connecting two large bodies of water)
(类)isthmus·land=strait·water 地峡·陆地=海峡·海水 (连接关系)
stratify [strAtifai] v. 使层化,使分成各种等级(to divide into classes, castes, or social strata)
(反)stratify ◆ homogenize 区分等级 ◆ 使等同
(记)stratum(层:地层,生物组织层,社会阶层)复数为strata
stray [streI] adj. 离群的,迷途的,偶然的 vi.离群,迷途,偏离(separated from the group or the
main body;to wander from company, restraint, or proper limits)
(类)digressive·(topic/subject)=stray·group
离题的·(话题/主题)=离群的·团体(动作及其相关对象)
(同)deviate, digress, depart, divagate, diverge, wander 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-4 09:52
strength [streNW] n. 力量,强度,浓度(degree of potency of effect or of concentration)
(类)slacken·tautness=dilute·strength
放松(减轻)紧张度=稀释(减轻)浓度 (动作及其减少结果)
(同)power, potency, sinew
striate [straIIt] vt. 加条纹(to mark with striations or striae)
(类)stipple·dot=striate·band 点画·点=加条纹·条带 (动作及其对象关系)
striated·groove=dappled·spot 有条痕的·凹槽=有斑点的·斑点(形名同义)
(同)streak, stripe
strip [strIp] v. 脱衣,剥夺(to remove clothing, covering, or surface matter from)
(反)bedeck ◆ strip 穿衣打扮 ◆ 脱衣
(区别)stripe n. 条纹,斑纹;类型
(同)denude, disrobe, unclothe, undress
strut [strQt] vi. 趾高气扬地走(to walk with a pompous and affected air)n. 支柱,压杆(a structural
piece designed to resist pressure in the direction of its length)
(类)strut·walk=pontificate·speak
趾高气扬地走·走=傲慢自大地说·说 (行为及其特征方式)
strut·wing=buttress·wall= guy·pylon
支柱·机翼=扶壁·墙壁=支索· 铁塔(前者支持后者)
(同)prance,swagger
studio [stju:dIEJ] n. 工作室,画室,摄影室(the working place of a sculptor or photographer)
(类)studio·artist=laboratory·scientist
画室·艺术家=实验室·科学家(人及其活动场所)
stupor [stju:pE] n. 迟钝,麻痹,无知觉(a condition of greatly dulled or completely suspended
sense or sensibility)
(类)stupor·alert=despair·hopeful 麻痹·警惕的=绝望·有希望的(反义)
stun [stQn] vt. 使晕倒,使发愣(to make senseless or dizzy by:daze)
(派)stunning adj. 极富魅力的
stunt [stQnt] v.阻碍(成长)(to hinder the normal growth, development, or progress of)
(类)obstruct·progress=stunt·growth 延缓进步=阻碍成长
(反)nurture ◆ stunt 抚育 ◆ 阻碍生长
(同)dwarf, suppress
sturdy [st\:dI] adj. 强健的,健全的(marked by or reflecting physical strength or vigor)
(反)decrepit ◆ sturdy 衰老的 ◆ 强健的
(同)strong,stalwart,stout,tenacious,tough 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:12
stylus [staIlEs] n. 铁笔(an instrument for writing, marking, or incising)
(类)stylus·mark=lamp·illumination 铁笔·标记=灯·照明 (工具及其用途)
stylus·engraving=shield·protecting 铁笔·雕刻=防护物,盾·保护(工具及其作用)
stymie [staImI] v. 阻碍(to present an obstacle to·stand in the way of)
(反)stymie ◆ abet/ foster/ promote 阻碍 ◆ 协助/ 促进
subdue [sEbdju:] vt. 征服;压制;减轻(to conquer and bring into subjection·vanquish;
to bring under control especially by an exertion of the will · curb;to reduce the intensity or degree of)
(类)impervious·damaged=indomitable·subdued
无法伤害的·被损坏的=无法征服的·被征服的(反义)
(反)subdue ◆ burgeon/inflame 压制、抑制 ◆ 快速发展/激起
subdued ◆ unruly 屈服的 ◆ 不服管教的
flamboyant ◆ subdued 艳丽的 ◆ 柔和的
indomitable ◆ easily subdued 不屈的 ◆ 容易屈服的
(同)conquer,crush,defeat,subjugate,vanquish 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:12
subordinate [sEbC:dInEt] adj. 下级的,附属的(inferior)次要的(secondary)顺从的
(submissive to or controlled by authority) n. 下属
(反)principal ◆ subordinate 首要的 ◆ 次要的
(记)sub (在…之下) +ordin(=order次序)→顺序排在下面→下级的
(同)dependent, secondary, subject, under 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:12
subpoena [sEbpi:nE] n.(法律)传票(a writ commanding a person designated in it to appear in
court under a penalty for failure)v. 传讯
(类)lien·claim=subpoena·command 留置权是一种法律权力=传票是一种法律命令
subpoena·witness=conscript·soldier 传讯证人=招募士兵(招集)
(记)sub(在…下面)+ poena(=penalty 惩罚)→传讯
succor [sQkE] vt. n. 救援,援助(to go to the aid of:relieve)
(类)succor·relief=caution·warning 救援·救济=警告·警告(同义)
(反)succor ◆ aggravate 援助 ◆ 使恶化(make worse, more serious, or more severe)
succor ◆ deny aid 援助 ◆ 拒绝帮助
(同)help, aid, assist, assistance, relief
(记)suc(=sub 前缀)+ cor(=cur 跑)→跑过来援助 参考:current 流通的,最近的
suffuse [sEfju:z] v.(色彩等)弥漫,染遍, 充满(to spread over in the manner of fluid or light)
(类)tint·suffuse=damp·quench 染色· 染遍=打湿·浸透(程度)
(同)flush,fill,infuse,imbue,ingrain,steep
sulk [sQlk] v. 生气,愠怒(to be sullen or morose in mood usually because of a grievance)
(反)sulk ◆ rejoice 生气 ◆ 高兴
(同)grump, pet, pout, sull
(例)she felt sulked all day when he didn't call. 当他不打电话的时候她整天都感到郁闷。
summary [sQmErI] n. 摘要(an abstract) adj.即刻的,仓促的(done without delay or formality)
(类)compendium·summary=anthology·collection 纲要·摘要=文选·文集(同义)
aside·digression=summary·excerpt 离题·离题=摘要·摘录(同义)
【注:aside:a straying from the theme:digression】
(反)summarily ◆ after long deliberation 草率地 ◆ 深思熟虑地
summary ◆ protracted 即刻的 ◆ 拖延的
(同)concise, compendious, curt, laconic, succinct
(例)the case goes through a summary trial and speedy execution.
这个案子经过草草地审判快速执行。
(记)sum 总数,汇总 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:13
summon [sQmEn] vt. 召集;传唤出庭(to command by service of a summons to appear in court)
(类)command·request=summon·invite 命令·请求=召集·邀请(程度)
(反)summon ◆ dismiss 召集 ◆ 解散
(同)convoke, assemble, convene
sumptuous [sQmptJEs] adj. 豪华的,奢侈的(extremely costly, rich, luxurious, or magnificent)
(反)sumptuous ◆ sobriety 奢侈的 ◆ 节制的(the quality or state of being sober清醒)
sumptuous ◆ ascetic/frugal/spartan 奢侈的 ◆ 苦行的/节俭的/简朴的
(同)luxurious, luxuriant, opulent, palatial 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:13
sunder [sQndE] v. 分裂,分离(to break apart or in two ;separate)
(类)collapse·implode=divide·sunder 坍塌·内爆=分开·分裂(后者造成前者)
【注·implode ·to collapse inward as if from external pressure】
(反)sunder ◆ connect/link 分裂 ◆ 连接
sunder ◆ bond/combine/conjoin/merge/yoke 分裂 ◆ 结合
sunder ◆ yoke 分离 ◆ 连接
【注:yoke v. to join in or with a yoke(用车辕连接)】
(同)separate, disjoin, disjoint, disunite
(记)谐音:散的→分裂,分离
superficial [su:pEfIFEl] adj. 表面的;肤浅的(lying on the surface :external)
(反)superficial ◆ central 表面的,外部的 ◆ 中央的
(同)shallow, shoal
superfluous [su:p\:flJEs] adj. 多余的,过剩的(exceeding what is sufficient or necessary:extra)
(类)pertinent·relevance=redundant·superfluity中肯的·中肯=多余的·多余(形名同义)
(反)integral ◆ superfluous 不可缺少的 ◆ 多余的
superfluity ◆ scarcity 额外 ◆ 缺乏
(同)excess, extra, spare, surplus
superimpose [sju:pErimpEuz] n.置于他物之上,重叠;添加(to place or lay over or above something)
(类)superimpose·above=insert·between 置于他物之上·在…上方=插入·在…之间
(例)she superimposed her own formula when she retold the story.
她重复故事的时候,加入了自己的解释。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:14
supine [sju:pain] adj. 懒散的(exhibiting indolent or apathetic inertia,especially:mentally or morally
slack);仰卧的(lying on back)
(反)supine ◆ vigilant 懒散的,放松的 ◆ 警惕的
supplant [sEplB:nt] v.排挤,取代(to supersede especially by force or treachery)
(类)supplant·replace=snatch·take 排挤·代替=攫取·获得(前者靠力量或阴谋达到后者)
(同)displace, usurp 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:14
supplement [sQplImEnt] n. 增补,补充(something that completes or makes an addition)
(类)supplement·additional=placebo·innoxious 补充是附加的=安慰剂是无毒的
(同)appendix, addendum
supplicate [sQplIkeIt] v. 恳求,乞求(to make a humble entreaty; to ask for earnestly and humbly)
(类)protest·dissuade=supplicate·entreat 抗议·劝阻=恳求·恳求 (同义)
supplicant·beseeching=coquette·flirtatious 恳求者是恳求的=风骚女子是轻浮的
(反)supplicate ◆ demand 恳求 ◆ 强求
【注:demand:to call for urgently, peremptorily, or insistently】
(同)beg, appeal, beseech, crave, entreat, plead
swagger [swA^E] v. 大摇大摆地走,吹牛(to walk with an air of overbearing)
(类)blustering·speak=swaggering·walk 大吵大闹的·讲=大摇大摆的·走(前者夸张)
fawn·hauteur=self-depreciate·swagger 奉承者不会傲慢=自贬者不会虚夸
pontificate·speak=swagger·walk 装模作样地说·说=大摇大摆地走·走(前者夸张)
imperious·fawn=self-depreciatory·swagger 傲慢的者不会奉承=自贬者不会虚夸
swagger·bravado=caress·affection 大摇大摆·虚张声势=爱抚·爱(前者表达后者)
(同)lord, cock, peacock, pontificate, swank, swell
swear [swZE] vi. 诅咒(to use profane or obscene language:curse)
(反)accolade ◆ swearword 赞美 ◆ 咒骂
(同)curse,execrate,imprecate
swerve [sw\:v] v. 转向,突然改变方向(to turn aside abruptly from a straight line or course:deviate) (反)swerve ◆ maintain direction 转向 ◆ 保持方向
(同)depart, deviate, digress, diverge
swindle [swIndl] vt. vi. 诈骗,骗取(to obtain money or property by fraud or deceit)
(类)implacable·compromise=honest·swindle 难和解的·妥协=诚实的·诈骗(形动反义)
swindler·cheat=proselyter·convert 骗子·欺骗=改信仰者·改变信仰 (人物典型行为)
(同)cheat, beat, cozen, defraud 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:14
swing [swIN] n. 摇摆,秋千(something that swings freely from or on a support)
(类)oscillation·swing=momentum·scooter 振荡·秋千=动力·踏板车(推动力·推动对象)
(同)oscillate, pendulate, sway
sycophant [sIkEfAnt] n.马屁精, 谄媚者, 奉承者(a servile self-seeking flatterer)
(类)sycophant·fawn=pundit·opine 马屁精·拍马=权威批评家·发表意见(人与其嗜好)
【注:pundit: one who gives opinions in an authoritative manner :critic】
narcissist·self-absorbed=sycophant·obsequious 自恋者·自恋的=马屁精·奉承的
sycophantic·obsequious=pontifical·dogmatic 拍马的·奉承的=武断的·独断的(同义)
rival·competition=extortionist·intimidation=malcontent·complaint
对手·竞争=勒索者·胁迫=不满者·抱怨(人物典型行为)
(同)parasite, sycophant, toady
(记)谐音:塞口粪。联想:对于溜须拍马者就应该往他们嘴里塞口粪。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:15
syllabus [silEbEs] n. 课程提纲(a summary outline of a discourse, treatise, or course of study)
(类)syllabus·course=agenda·meeting 教学大纲·课程=议程·会议(编排或安排关系)
(同)compendium, digest, sketch
syllogism [sIlEdVIzm] n. 三段论法,演绎;诡辩
(类)remonstrance·offend=syllogism·disprove 用抗议来冒犯=用三段论法来反驳
symbiosis [simbaiEusis] n. [生]共生, 合作关系(the living together in more or less intimate
association or close union of two dissimilar)
(反)symbiosis ◆ unrelated growth 共生 ◆ 无关联的生长
symmetry [simitri] n. 对称, 匀称(balanced proportions)
(反)symmetry ◆ disproportion 对称 ◆ 不均衡
(同)balance, harmony, proportion
(例)we are filled with admiration of the superb symmetry of the design.
我们都被这个设计的高超的对称性折服了。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:15
symphony [sImfEnI] n. 交响乐,交响曲(consonance of sounds;symphony orchestra)
(类)instrumentalist·symphony=dancer·ballet
乐器演奏家·交响乐=舞蹈家·芭蕾舞(表演者与节目)
stanza·poem=movement·symphony 重复出现诗节·诗=乐章·交响乐(部分与整体)
symphony·conductor=film·director 交响乐·指挥=电影·导演(指挥前者)
exhibition·painting=concert·symphony 展览会·油画=音乐会·交响乐(展示后者)
synchronous [siNkrEnEs] adj. 同时的, 同步的(happening or arising at precisely the same time)
(反)synchronous ◆ noncontemporaneous 同时的 ◆ 非同时的
synchronous ◆ occurring at different times 同时代的 ◆ 发生在不同时代的
synchronous ◆ out-of-phase 同步的 ◆ 不同阶段的
(同)contemporary, coexistent,concurrent,contemporaneous, simultaneous
synonymous [sinCnimEs] a. 同义的(alike in meaning or significance)
(类)synonymous·meaning=interchangeable·function
同义的·意义=可互换的·功能 (形容词及其相关对象)
(例)to runners, boston is synonymous with marathon。
synthesis [sInWIsIs] n. 综合,合成(the composition or combination of parts or elements so as to
form a whole)
(反)synthesis ◆ analysis 合成 ◆ 分解
synthesis ◆ take apart 合成 ◆ 分解,拆开
(同)harmonize, blend, integrate 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:15
tacit [tAsIt] adj. 心照不宣的,有默契的,暗示的(expressed or carried on without words or speech)
(类)tacit·infer=encoded·decode 心照不宣的·推断=用密码写的·解码(前者需要后者)
(反)tacit ◆ expressly stated 暗示的 ◆ 明确的表达
stipulation ◆ tacit requirement 约定 ◆ 默认的要求
tacit ◆ directly expressed/explicit 暗示的 ◆ 直接陈述的/直率的
(同)implicit, inferred, undeclared, unexpressed
tackle [tAkl] n. 传动装置,滑车(一种工具)(an assemblage of ropes and pulleys arranged to
gain mechanical advantage for hoisting and pulling )vt. 固定;解决(问题)
(类)bolster·support=tackle·hoist 支撑结构·支撑=滑车·升高(物品及其功能)
【注·bolster· a structural part designed to eliminate friction or provide support or bearing】 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:15
tact [tAkt] n. 机敏,圆滑(a keen sense of what to do or say in order to maintain good relations
with others or avoid offense)
(类)tact·offensive=money·poor 机敏·冒犯性的=金钱·贫穷的(避免)
(同)diplomacy,tactfulness,adroitness,acumen
tactless [tAktlIs] adj. 无机智的,不老练的,不圆滑的(marked by lack of a keen sense of what to
do or say in order to maintain good relations with others or avoid offense)
(类)chicanery·clever=tactlessness·truthful 狡猾·精明的=不圆滑·老实的(褒贬对比)
(反)savvy ◆ tactlessness 机智 ◆ 不老练
(同)brash, impolitic, maladroit, undiplomatic, unpolitic, untactful 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:15
tadpole [tAdpEul] n. 蝌蚪
(类)tadpole·frog=caterpillar·butterfly 蝌蚪·青蛙=毛虫·蝴蝶(幼年与成年)
talisman [tAlizmEn] n. 护身符(an object held to avert evil and bring good fortune)
(类)talisman·object=incantation·utterance 护身符·物品=咒语·话(种属)
taint [teInt] vt. 污染,使腐败(to contaminate morally·corrupt) n. 污点,感染(a moral defect
considered as a stain or spot)
(反)taint ◆ integrity/wholesomeness 污点被视为道德上污点的一个缺陷 ◆ 正直/健全
tainted ◆ pristine/unspoiled/wholesome 被污染的 ◆ 纯洁的/未损坏的/健全的
tainted ◆ unadulterated 弄脏的 ◆ 没有搀杂的
(同)blur, smear, smudge, stain, tarnish
talon [tAlEn] n.猛禽的锐爪(the claw of an animal and especially of a bird of prey)
(类)talon·eagle=claw·panther 猛禽的锐爪·鹰=(动物的)爪·豹
tamper [tAmpE(r)] v. 窜改,损害(to alter improperly)
(类)tamper·adjust=misrepresent·communicate窜改·校准=误传·传达(错误与正常) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:16
tangent [tAndVEnt] adj. 离题的,不相关的(diverging from an original purpose of course:
irrelevant);相切的 n. 切线
(反)tangent ◆ essential 不相关的 ◆ 基本的
(同)tangential
(例)tangent remarks
tangible [tAndVIbl] adj. 可感知的,明显的(capable of being perceived;palpable);切实的,
明确的(substantially real :material)
(类)incipient·realized=initial·realized=tangible·indefinite
开始的:完成的=最初的·实现的=切实的·模糊的(反义)
(反)tangible ◆ unable to perceive 可感知的 ◆ 无法感知的
(同)perceptible, appreciable, detectable, discernible, palpable, sensible
tangy [tANi] adj. 强烈的,扑鼻的(having or suggestive of a tang)
(反)tangy ◆ bland 强烈的 ◆(味道)平和的
tantalize [tAntElaIz] v. 挑惹,挑逗(to tease or torment by or as if by presenting something
desirable to the view but continually keeping it out of reach)
(反)tantalize ◆ comfort/ console/ solace/ alleviate/ assuage/ relieve/ satiate
挑惹 ◆ 安慰,减轻,缓和,满足
(同)tease worry, annoy, beleaguer,harass, plague 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:16
tantamount [tAntEmaJnt] adj. 与…相等的(equivalent in value, significance, or effect)
(反)tantamount ◆ incommensurate 等价 ◆ 不相称的
(同)same, duplicate, equivalent, identical
tantrum [tAntrEm] n. 勃然大怒,发脾气(a fit of bad temper)
(反)tantrum ◆ pacify 发脾气 ◆ 使平静
(记)谐音“太蠢”→爱发怒的人都太蠢
taper [teIpE(r)] vi. vt.(使)逐渐变细,(使)逐渐减少(progressively narrowed toward one end)
(类)abate·intensity=taper·width 减轻·强度=逐渐变细·宽
(同)decrease, abate, close, dwindle, lessen
tapestry [tApIstrI] n. 挂毯(a heavy handwoven reversible textile used for hangings, curtains,
and upholstery and characterized by complicated pictorial designs)
(类)chiaroscuro·contrast=filigree·delicacy 明暗配合·对比=工艺品·精致(事物典型特征) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:16
tarnish [tB:nIF] n. v. 失去光泽,晦暗(to dull or destroy the luster of by or as if by air, dust, or dirt)
(类)silver·tarnish=iron·rust 银·失去光泽=铁·生锈 (物品及其化学性质)
tarnish·dull=vitrify·smooth 晦暗·阴暗的=玻璃化·光滑的 (动作及其结果)
(同)soil, stain dull , fade, pale
tarpaulin [tB:pC:lIn] n. 涂油防水布,防水衣,防水帽(a piece of material as durable plastic used
for protecting exposed objects or areas)
(类)lint·covering=tarpaulin·garment软麻布· 遮盖物=油布雨衣·衣服 (种属)
tarpaulin·covering=raincoat·garment 防水油布·遮盖物 = 雨衣·衣服 (种属)
taunt [tC:nt] v. 嘲笑,讥笑(to reproach or challenge in a mocking or insulting manner·jeer at)
(类)flout·disregard=taunt·challenge 轻视·忽视=嘲笑·怀疑(前者表达后者)
taunt·provoke=plot·outwit 嘲弄·挑拨=密谋·以智取胜(同义)
(同)ridicule, deride, lout, mock, scout
taut [tC:t] adj.(绳子)拉紧的(having no give or slack:tightly drawn)整洁的, 紧张的
(类)slacken·tautness=dilute·strength 松弛·紧张度=稀释·浓度(消弱关系)
taut·commodious=extraordinary·purlieu
紧张的·便利的=不寻常的·常去的地方(反面特征)
(反)tauten ◆ loosen/slacken 拉紧 ◆ 松弛
taut ◆ lax/loose or unfirm/slack 紧张的 ◆ 松弛的
(同)tight , close, tense 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:16
tawdry [tC:drI] adj. 俗丽的, 非常华丽的(cheap and gaudy in appearance or quality; ignoble)
(反)tawdry ◆ exquisite 俗丽的 ◆ 高雅的
(同)gaudy, blatant, brazen, garish, glaring, meretricious
taxonomist [tAksCnEmist] n.分类学家(one who study the general principles of scientific
classification)
(类)taxonomist·classify=carpenter·build 分类学家·分类=木匠·建筑
tear [tiE] vi. 流泪;撕破;猛冲,狂奔(to move or act with violence, haste, or force)
(反)tear ◆ stabilize 猛冲 ◆ 稳定
【注:干扰选项是dawdle和insert 7月类反考题三个词同时出现;dawdle闲逛;强调发出动作者的
态度,即无目的性,而不是其动作本身的快慢以及稳与不稳;insert不能与tear 撕开的义项相对,tear
做撕开的意思时强调的是开,反义是unite 合,而insert做楔入的意思时强调使松的更紧,而不是合
二为一,因此只有stabilize是正确的,前者强调动作的猛,即不稳定性,后者强调其稳定性】
(同)rush , boil, dash, lash, rac 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:17
temporize [tempEraIz] v. 调停;见风驶舵(to draw out discussions or negotiations so as to
gain time dominant opinion)
(反)temporize ◆ unwilling to compromise 调停 ◆ 不愿意妥协
(例)you'd have to temporize until you found out how she wanted to be advised.
(记)tempor(= time)联想:根据时间行事→见机行事→见风使舵 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:17
tendentious [tendenFEs] adj. 有偏见的,有倾向的(marked by a tendency in favor of a
particular point of view:biased)
(反)tendentious ◆ unbiased/unprejudiced 有偏见的 ◆ 公平的/没有偏见的
(同)biased , colored, jaundiced, partial, prejudiced
tender [ tendE ] adj. 纤弱的;v. 正式提出(to offer formally)
(反)tender ◆ withdraw 提出 ◆ 收回,撤回
(例)tender a letter of resignation. 正式提交辞职信
【注:干扰选项是withhold。withhold:to refrain from granting, giving, or allowing 不批准,不给,
不允许。注意这里的不给容易给大家造成误解。认为不给与提交构成反义。实际上,这里的不给表示
一种态度,如:我不给他我的作业。而提交表示一种动作和行为。其反义应为撤回,收回:retract】
terminology n. 术语(the special terms used in a business, art, science, or special subject)
(类)terminology·language=uniform·clothing 术语·语言=制服·服装(种属)
(记)term本身是一个词:术语
testator [testeItE] n. 立遗嘱之人(a person who dies leaving a will or testament in force)
(类)heirloom·ancestor=bequest·testator 传家宝·祖先=遗赠·立遗嘱之人(物品及其来源)
testimony [testImEnI] n. 证词,声明 (a solemn declaration usually made orally by a witness under
oath in response to interrogation by a lawyer or authorized public official)
(类)calumny·assertion=perjury·testimony 诽谤·断言=伪证·证言(褒贬类比)贬与一般
calumny·representation=perjury·testimony 中伤·陈述 =伪证·证词(种属)
testimonial·appreciation=confession·culpability 推荐信表达欣赏=招供表达有罪
(同)attestation, confirmation, proof, testimonial, witness 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:19
theology [WIRlEdVI] n.神学,宗教(the study of religious faith, practice, and experience)
(类)conservatory·music=seminary·theology =observatory·astronomy
音乐学校·音乐=神学院·神学=天文台·天文学(学科及其研究场所)
diary·biographer=scripture·theologian日记·传记作家=经文·神学家(研究对象)
(记)theo(神)+ ology(学科)=神学
therapeutic [WerEpju:tIk] adj. 治疗的,治疗学的(of or relating to the treatment of disease or
disorders by remedial agents or methods)
(类)therapeutic·hospital=illuminating·school 治疗的·医院=启蒙的·学校(场所及其特征)
(记)therap(护士) 参考:therapia n. 疗法, 治疗
thorny [WC:nI] adj. 多刺的,棘手的, 困难多的(full of thorns;full of difficulties or controversial points)
(反)thorny ◆ smooth 多刺的,困难多的 ◆ 平滑的,安详的
(同)nettlesome, prickly, spiny ,ticklish 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:19
threadbare [WredbeE] adj. 磨破的,陈腐的(exhausted of interest or freshness)
(类)threadbare/timeworn·novelty=labyrinthine·directness
陈腐的/陈旧的·新奇=曲折的·直接 (形名反义)
(同)shabby , dilapidated, dingy, faded, tattered
throng [WrRN] vi. 群集,拥挤(to crowd together in great numbers)
(类)protract·length=throng·number 延长·长度=群集·数目(动作及其作用对象)
(同)crowd , crush, multitude, press, squash
thwart [WwC:t] v. 阻挠,使…受挫(to oppose successfully:defeat the hopes or aspirations of)
(类)oppose·thwart=treat·cure 反对·阻挠=治疗·治愈 (同义)
(反)thwart ◆ support /aid/bolster 阻挠 ◆ 支持
thwart ◆ abet/foment/foster/facilitate 阻挠 ◆ 煽动/煽动/鼓励/帮助
thwart ◆ aid effectively 阻碍 ◆ 有效帮助
(同)frustrate , baffle, circumvent, foil, ruin
(记)观察中间的war 联想:对于战争人人都应该阻挠 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:20
tinge [tIndV] vt. 微染,使带气息(to color with a slight shade or stain·tint)
(反)tinged ◆ colorless 淡色的 ◆ 无色的
tinker [tiNkE] n. 修补匠 v. 拙劣地修补,胡乱地调整(to repair, adjust, or work with something in an
unskilled or experimental manner:fiddle)
(类)tinker·adjust=scribble·write 胡乱地调整·调整=潦草地写·写(非正常和正常)
(同)iddle , doodle, mess, puddle
(记)tin 锡+ker 联想:补锅的漏洞一般要用锡→修补
tint [tINkE(r)] n. 色彩,浅色 v. 染色(to impart or apply a tint to · color)
(类)tint·suffuse=damp·quench 染色·染遍=打湿:浸湿(程度)
(同)color , hue, shade, tinge, tone 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:20
tirade [taIreId] n. 长篇攻击性的演说(a protracted speech usually marked by intemperate,
vituperative or harshly censorious language)
(类)anger·tirade=exaggeration·hyperbole
愤怒· 长篇攻击性的演说=夸张·夸张法(后者表达前者)
tirade· anger =burlesque· mockery
长篇攻击性演讲·气愤=讽刺滑稽的戏剧·嘲弄(前者表达后者)
(反)tirade ◆ dispassionate speech 长篇攻击性的演说 ◆ 毫无激情的演讲
(同)diatribe, harangue
(记)tirade来自tyrant 暴君 联想:讨伐暴君时要进行长篇攻击性的演说
toady [tEJdI] n. 谄媚者,拍马屁的人(one who flatters in the hope of gaining favors·sycophant)
(类)recluse·solitude=toady·favor 寂寞者·孤独=谄媚者·好感 (正面特征)
(同)sycophant, toad
(记)toad 癞蛤蟆→癞蛤蟆一样的人→拍马屁者 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:20
tonic [tRnIk] adj. 激励的,滋补的 n. 增进健康之物,补品(increasing or restoring physical or
mental tone:refreshing)
(类)conducive·foment=tonic·invigorate/stimulate=anagelsic·deaden
促进的·激励=激励的·鼓舞=麻痹的·消弱(感觉)(形动同义)
(反)tonic ◆ enfeebling 滋补的 ◆ 衰弱的
tonic ◆ draining 增进健康之物 ◆ 气力耗尽
(同)invigorating, animating, exhilarative, stimulative
tonsorial [tRnsC:rIEl] adj. 理发师的,理发的(of or relating to a barber or the work of a barber)
(类)tonsorial·hair=sartorial·apparel 理发师的·头发=裁缝的·服装(人及其工作对象) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:21
topsy-turvy [tRpsIt\:vI] adj. 混乱的,颠倒的(being in utter confusion or disorder)
(反)topsy-turvy ◆ tranquil 混乱的 ◆ 安静的
topsoil [tCpsCil] n.表层土(surface soil usually including the organic layer)
(类)topsoil·erode=paint·peel 表层土·侵蚀=油漆·剥落
(记)top+soil →最高一层的土→表层土
tornado [tC:neidEu] n. 旋风,龙卷风(a violent windstorm:whirlwind)
(类)tornado·air=whirlpool·water 旋风·空气=漩涡·水
torque [tC:k] n. 扭矩, 转矩(force that produces or tends to produce rotation or torsion)
(类)torque·rotation=tension·elongation 转矩·旋转=拉力·延长(力的作用效果) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:21
torrential [tErEnFl] adj. 急流的,猛烈的(caused by or resulting from action of rapid streams)
(反)torrential ◆ trickling 急流的 ◆ 缓流的
tortuous [tC:tjJEs] adj.委婉的 ;曲折的(marked by devious or indirect tactics · crooked, tricky)
(反)tortuous ◆ direct/straightforward 转弯抹角的 ◆ 直接的
(记)谐音:沱沱河(长江的源头)→沱沱河是弯弯曲曲的
tourniquet [t\:rnIkEt] n. 止血绷带a device (as a bandage twisted tight with a stick) to check
bleeding or blood flow
(类)tourniquet·bleeding=brake·motion= dam·river
止血绷带·出血=刹车·移动=水坝·江河
tourniquet·bleeding=moratorium·activity 止血绷带·出血=暂停·行动
【注:moratorium:a suspension of activity】
(记)tourn(= to turn 转向)+iquet(=quiet安静)→转向安静→止血 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:21
tout [taJt] v.极力赞扬(to praise or publicize loudly or extravagantly)
(反)tout ◆ cast aspersions on/ denounce 极力赞扬 ◆ 诽谤/公开谴责
(例)it was touted as the world's most modern shopping center .
它被吹捧为世界上最现代化的购物中心。
(记)区别:taut 拉紧的
toy [tCi] vi. 草率不认真地对待(to treat something casually or without seriousness:trifle)
(反)toy ◆ think over seriously 草率不认真地对待 ◆ 深思熟虑地对待
(例)the writer toyed with the idea of writing a play.
这位作家草率地对待创作一个剧本的思想。
(记)toy 玩具 联想:象玩具一样对待
tractable [trAktEb(E)l] adj. 易驾驭的,易管教的,温顺的(capable of being easily led, taught, or
controlled·docile)
(类)complaisance·intractable=adeptness·maladroit 柔顺·倔强的=老练·笨拙的
subtle·overlook=tractable·lead 难以觉察的·忽视=易驾驭的·领导(容易发生的)
【注:subtle:difficult to understand or perceive】
testy·annoy=tractable·control 重复易怒的·使苦恼=温顺的·控制(容易发生的)
credulous·cozen=tractable·control 轻信的·欺骗 = 易驾驭的·控制 (容易)
(反)tractable ◆ balky/pertinacious/ headstrong/incorrigible/ manageable 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:21
tranquility n. 宁静(the quality or state free from disturbance or turmoil)
(反)tranquility ◆ ferment/pandemonium 宁静 ◆ 动乱/喧嚣
transcend [trAnsend] vt. 超越,胜过(to rise above or go beyond the limits of , to triumph over
the negative or restrictive aspects of·overcome)
(反)ossify ◆ transcend conventions 僵化 ◆ 超越传统
(同)surpass, better, exceed, outshine, outstrip
transfigure [trAnsfI^E] vt. 改观,美化(to give a new and typically exalted or spiritual appearance
to·transform outwardly and usually for the better)
(类)transfigure·aspect=transfer·location 改观·外表=转移·位置
(同)transform, commute, convert, metamorphose
(记)trans 改变+ figure 外形→改观,美化 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:22
transgress [trAns^res] vt. 违反,犯罪,越规(to go beyond limits set or prescribed by·violate)
(类)rectitude·transgress=keen·obtuse 正直·越规=锋利的·钝的(反义)
transgression·morality=presumption·propriety 犯罪·道德=专横·礼貌(违反)
trespass·boundary=betray·trust=astray·path=transgress·rules
侵入·边界=背叛·信任=迷路·道路=违反·规则(动宾关系)
(反)transgress ◆ obey 违反 ◆ 遵守
(同)violate , breach, contravene, infringe, offend
travail [trAveil] n. vi. 辛苦劳动(work especially of a painful or laborious nature · toil)
(反)laze ◆ travail 懒散 ◆ 辛苦劳动
(同)work , bullwork, drudgery, grind, slavery, toil
traverse [trAv\:s] vt. 横越,经过(to go or travel across or over)
(类)diverge·apart=traverse·across 分叉·分开地=横越·横过(动副同义)
(同)travel , cover, pass (over), track
travesty [trAvIstI] n. 拙劣地、歪曲的模仿(a debased, distorted, or grossly inferior imitation)
(反)travesty ◆ paragon 拙劣地,歪曲地模仿 ◆ 优秀的,完美的模范
(同)caricature , burlesque, parody, take off
treacherous [tretFErEs] adj. 背叛的(characterized by or manifesting treachery:perfidious)
(反)treacherousness ◆ faithfulness 背叛 ◆ 忠诚
(同)faithless, disloyal, false, perfidious, recreant, traitorous
treasurer [treVErE] n. 财务员, 出纳员(an officer entrusted with the receipt and disbursement of
funds)
(类)treasurer·funds=secretary·records 财务员·资金=秘书·记录 (职务及其管理对象) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:22
treaty [tri:tI] n. 条约,谈判(an agreement or arrangement made by negotiation)
(类)rectify·treaty=confirm·hypothesis 矫正·条约=确认·假说(动宾关系)
trespass [trespEs] vi. 侵入,犯罪 vt.冒犯,违反(to enter unlawfully upon the land of
another;· err, sin;to make an unwarranted or uninvited incursion; violate)
(类)usurp·take=trespass·enter 霸占·获得=侵入·进入(非法与正常)
trespass·boundary=transgress·rule 侵入:边界=违反:规则 (动宾关系)
(反)trespass ◆ without to intrude 侵犯 ◆ 不侵犯
trespass ◆ obey 违反 ◆ 遵从
(同)encroach, entrench, infringe, invade 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:23
troupe [tru:p] n. 剧团(a company or group, especially of touring actors, singers, or dancers)
(类)troupe·perform=chorus·sing 剧团·表演=合唱团·演唱(团体及其特征行为)
orchestra·music=·troupe·drama 管弦乐队·音乐=剧团·戏剧
(记)来自troop 团队
truce [tru:s] n. 休战, 休战协定(a suspension of or an agreement for suspending hostilities)
(反)truce ◆ resumed fighting 休战 ◆ 重新发起战争
(同)armistice, cease-fire, break, respite, reconciliation
(例)the high command ordered a truce for the holidays. 最高司令部为假期订立了休战协定。
truculent [trQkjJlEnt] adj. 残暴的,凶狠的(cruel, savage);好战的(aggressively self-assertive)
(类)truculent·gentleness=unregenerate·remorse 残暴的不温顺=顽固的不自责
【注:unregenerate:making no attempt to change one's bad practices 不思改过】
【注:remorse :a gnawing distress arising from a sense of guilt for past wrongs 自责】
(反)truculent ◆ genial/gentle/meek 凶狠的,好战的 ◆ 温和的
truculent ◆ pacific/ placid 好战的 ◆ 和平的/平和的
truculence ◆ benevolence/kindness 野蛮 ◆ 仁慈
truculence ◆ tranquility 好战 ◆ 宁静
(同)belligerent, fierce , barbarous, cruel, fell, ferocious, inhumane
(记)truc=truck 卡车 联想:卡车在路上横冲直撞非常凶狠的样子 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:24
trudge [trQdV] vt. 跋涉,吃力地走(to walk or march steadily and usually laboriously)
(类)lug·carry=trudge·walk 拖拉·运送=跋涉·走(前者吃力)
(同)plod , plodge, slop, stodge, toil 比较:drudge 苦工 dredge 挖泥船
trumpet [trQmpit] n. 喇叭,小号(a wind instrument consisting of a conical or cylindrical usually
metal tube, a cup-shaped mouthpiece, and a flared bell)
(类)trumpet·horn=tambourine·drum 小号·喇叭=小手鼓·鼓(种属)
(记)比较:triumph胜利 联想:吹起胜利的号角
truncate [trQNkeIt] v. 截短(to shorten by or as if by cutting off)
(类)truncate·extent=simplify·complexity 截短·长度=简化·复杂性(行为对象)
(反)prolong ◆ truncate 延长 ◆ 截短
(同)top , crop, detruncate, pollard
(记)trunc=trunk 树干 联想:树干太长需要截断 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:24
twig [twi^] n.小枝,嫩枝(a small shoot)v.理解
(类)twig·limb=brook·river 小枝·大枝=小溪·江河(大小)
truss [trQs] n. 构架,托架(a rigid framework, as of wooden beams or metal bars, designed to
support a structure, such as a roof)
(类)ballast·stability=truss·support 压舱物·稳定性=托架·支持(物品作用)
tugboat [tQ^bEJt] n. 拖船(a strongly built powerful boat used for towing and pushing)
(类)locomotive·flatcar=tugboat·barge 火车头·平台车=拖船·驳船 (前者拖动后者)
【注:barge :a roomy usually flat-bottomed boat used chiefly for the transport of goods on
inland waterways and usually propelled by towing 靠拖动的驳船 tow:拖】
tumult [`tjU:mQlt] n.骚动,暴动,吵闹(commotion)情绪激动(agitation of the mind or emotions)
(类)tumultuous·bedlam=active·hive 骚动的·混乱场所=活跃的·闹市(正面特征)
(反)tumult ◆ quietude/ quiescence/ serenity/ tranquility 骚动 ◆ 安静
tumultuous ◆ serene 喧嚣的 ◆ 平静的
(同)commotion , clamor, hassle, hubbub, turmoil, uproar
(记)tu 谐音:土 mult =multi多→ 土人很多→骚动,吵闹 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:24
turmoil [t\:mCIl] n. 骚动,混乱(a state or condition of extreme confusion, agitation, or commotion)
(反)turmoil ◆ tranquility 骚动 ◆ 安静
(同 commotion , agitation, confusion, flap, tumult, turbulence
(记)turm=turn 转变+oil 油→变成油 联想:水变油的新闻使媒体一阵骚乱 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:24
turncoat [t\:nkEJt] n. 背叛者,变节者(one who switches to an opposing side or party;
specifically :traitor)
(类)bigot·tolerance=turncoat·constancy=recluse·compassion simpleton·sagacity
狭隘者·容忍=背叛者·坚定不移=遁世者·同情笨蛋·睿智(反面特征)
(反)constancy ◆ turncoat 坚定不移 ◆ 背叛者
turpitude [tE:pitju:d] n. 奸恶, 卑鄙(inherent baseness:depravity; a base act)
(反)turpitude ◆ probity 卑鄙 ◆ 正直
turpitude ◆ saintly behavior 卑鄙的行为 ◆ 圣洁的行为
(记)谐音:特批土地。联想:一些官员利用职权特批土地,行为真的很卑鄙
turquoise [tEkwCiz] n. 绿宝石(a mineral that is a blue, bluish green, or greenish gray)
(类)gem·turquoise=flower·violet 宝石· 绿宝石=花·紫罗兰(种属) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:24
turret [tQrIt] n. 小塔,塔楼, 炮塔(an ornamental structure at an angle of a larger structure)
(类)castle·turret=sea·beacon 城堡·塔楼=海洋·灯塔 (建筑物及其所属)
(记)turr=tower+et表示小的后缀→小塔
typo [taIpEJ] n. 打字错误(an error in typed or typeset material)
(类)typo·text=bug·software 打字错误·文本=程序错误·软件(错误及其发生对象)
unctuous [QNktjJEs] adj. 油质的(fatty, oily);油腔滑调的,假殷勤的(revealing or marked by a
smug, ingratiating, and false earnestness or spirituality)
(类)placebo·innocuous=salve·unctuous 安慰剂·无害的=药膏·油质的(事物典型特征)
sanctimonious·devoted=unctuous·earnest 假装虔诚的·虔诚的=假殷勤的·热心
(同)fulsome, oily, soapy, unctuous
(记)unct (油膏)+uous→油质的 参考:unction 油膏,安慰物 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:25
undermine [QndEmaIn] v. 消弱,破坏(to weaken or ruin by degrees)
(反)undermine ◆ aggrandize/reinforce/ undergird 消弱 ◆ 加强
(同)weaken, attenuate, blunt, cripple, debilitate, disable, enfeeble, sap
(记)under 下面+mine 矿山,挖掘→在下面挖掘→暗中破坏
underscore [7QndEskC: ] vt. 强调(emphasize, stress),划线于…底下n. 下划线(line drawn
under a word or line especially for emphasis )
(类)underscore·emphasis=brand·ownership下划线表示强调=烙印商标表明所有权
(反)underscore ◆ de-emphasize/downplay 强调 ◆ 不予重视
(同)emphasize, feature, italicize, stress, underline
(记)under + score 在下面划线→强调
underdog [QndEdR^] n. 受害者,输家(a victim of injustice or persecution)
(反)underdog ◆ bully 受害者 ◆ 欺凌弱小者
(同)victim , bottom dog, casualty, prey 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:25
understudy [QndEstQdi] n. 预备演员, 代替之人(one who is prepared to act another's part)
(类)understudy·star=deputy·sheriff 替身·演员=代理·州长(前者代替后者)
unimpeachable [QnImpi:tFEbl] adj.无可置疑的,无可指责的(not to be called in question)
(反)unimpeachable ◆ open to question 无可置疑的 ◆ 有疑问的
(同)reproachable, blameless, decent, acceptable, adequate, common, satisfactory, sufficient
unkempt [Qnkempt] adj.凌乱的,不整洁的(deficient in order or neatness)
(反)unkempt ◆ dapper 不整洁的 ◆ 整洁的
(同)slovenly, disheveled, ill-kempt, messy, slipshod, sloppy
(记)un(不)kem(谐音:看)→不能看的,没法看的→肮脏凌乱的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:26
unlettered [QnletEd] adj. 未受教育的,无学问的,文盲的(lacking facility in reading and writing and
ignorant of the knowledge to be gained from books)
(反)erudite ◆ ignorant/smattering of knowledge/ unlettered
博学的 ◆ 无知识的/知识浅薄的/无学问的
(同)ignorant, benighted, empty-headed, illiterate, uninstructed, unschooled,untutored
(记)un+letter 一个字母都不认识→文盲的
usury [ju:Vuri] n. 高利贷(lending money at illegal high rates of interest)
(类)usury·interest=gouging·price 高利贷·利息=敲竹杠·价格(诈取后者)
(记)来自use使用 联想:世界是没有免费使用的东西→高利贷 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:28
vaporize [veIpEraIz] v. 使蒸发(to convert as by the application of heat or by spraying into vapor)
(类)scuff·abrasion=heat·vaporization 使磨损·磨损=加热·汽化(结果)
abraded·friction=vaporized·heat 磨损·摩擦=蒸发·加热(作用及其结果)
(反)vaporization/ gasification ◆ solidification 汽化 ◆ 固体化
vaporous ◆ substantial 无实质的 ◆ 实质上的
(记)vapor n.水气 v. 蒸发+ize 动词后缀
variance [veErIEns] n. 变化,差异,不一致(difference, variation)
(反)immutable ◆ variable 不可变的 ◆ 可变的
variance ◆ congruity/uniformity 不一致分歧 ◆ 一致
variance ◆ quantity with a fixed value 变量 ◆ 常量
(同)difference, variation 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:29
varnish [vB:nIF] n. 清漆 v. 涂上清漆,使有光泽(to apply varnish to)
(类)glaze·porcelain=varnish·wood=wax·linoleum
上釉·瓷器=上漆·木制品=上蜡·油布(行为作用对象)
varnish·glossy=sand·smooth 涂上清漆·有光泽的=磨砂·平滑的(行为及其作用)
vault [vR:lt] n. 有拱形天花板的地窖, 金库(a room or compartment for the safekeeping of valuables)
(类)larder·provisions=vault·valuables 食品室·粮草=金库·贵重物品
(记)来自volve 滚动,转动 参考:Volve 沃尔沃轿车 involve 包括,涉及 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:29
vaunt [vC:nt] v. 自夸(to make a vain display of one's own worth or attainments:brag)
(反)vaunt ◆ self-deprecate/downplay/humble/understate 自夸 ◆ 自贬/贬低/贬抑/保守的说
vaunting ◆ meek 傲慢的 ◆ 谦恭的
(同)boast, blow, brag, crow, mouth, prate
(记)v(谐音 我)+ aunt(姑姑)→我有个姑姑在美国→自夸
vendor [vendE] n. 小贩(one that sell especially as a hawker or peddler)自动售货机
(类)vendor·purvey=censor·expurgate 小贩·供应=检查员·修订(人物典型行为).
veneer [vInIE] n.镶面板,饰面(a layer of wood of superior value or excellent grain to be glued to
an inferior wood)
(类)foil·metal=veneer·wood 金属薄片·金属=镶面板·木材
glaze·porcelain=veneer·furniture=baseboard·wall 釉·瓷器=饰面·家具=护壁板·墙壁
(同)mask, cover, disguise, facade, face, veil 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-19 15:30
verisimilar [7verisimilE] adj. 好象真实的,逼真的(having the appearance of truth :probable)
(反)verisimilar ◆ implausible 好象真实的,可能的 ◆ 不象真实的,难以置信的
(记)veri 真实+ similar 相似的→似乎真实的
vernacular [vEnAkjJlE] n. 本国语,方言(the standard native language of a country or locality)
(类)vernacular·place=jargon·profession 方言·地方=行话·行业(事物及其相关对象)
(同)colloquial, vulgar, vulgate
(例)vernacular welsh differs greatly from literary welsh
方言里的威尔士和文学上的威尔士有很大的区别。
(记)源自verna 土生土长的奴隶 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-22 22:11
versatile [v\:sEtaIl] adj. 多用的,通用的,多才多艺的(having many uses or applications)
(反)versatile ◆ having limited application 多用的 ◆ 用途有限的
versatile ◆ unchangeable 多用途的 ◆ 不变的
(同)adaptable, ambidextrous, mobile, myriad-minded
(例)a versatile artist, who is at home in any medium。一个全能的艺术家,擅长任何媒介。
(记)来自 vers 旋转 联想:到处乱转→全都通的 参考:versed 精通的 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-22 22:11
verse [ vE:s ] n. 诗歌 v. 使精通(to familiarize by study or experience)
(类)footloose·attachment=unversed·familiarity 自由自在的不附属=不精通的不熟悉
(记)verse来自vers 旋转 因为诗歌回环缠绕有韵律因此引申而来 参考:versemonger拙劣诗人
(例)He versed himself in philosophy. 他对于哲学很精通
vertigo [v\:tI^EJ] n. 眩晕(a disordered state in which the individual or the individual's
surroundings seem to whirl dizzily)
(类)hemorrhage·bleeding=vertigo·dizziness 出血·出血=眩晕·眩晕(同义) 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-22 22:11
vessel [vesl] n. 船只,容器,脉管
(类)aqueduct·water=pipeline·gas=vessel·blood 水渠·水=导气管·气体=脉管·血
vestige [vestidV] n .遗迹, 痕迹;(用于否定)丝毫;一点儿(the smallest quantity or trace)
(类)vestige·remainder=figurine·statue 小痕迹·残余=小雕像·雕像(小与正常)
(反)vestige ◆ fully developed 退化 ◆ 充分发展
(同)memento, relic, shadow, trace
(例)it is valuable to dig for the vestiges of past civilizations. 挖掘古代文明的遗迹很有价值。
without a vestige of clothing 一丝不挂 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-22 22:12
vestigial [ve`stIdVIEl] adj. 退化的,发育不全的(small and degenerate or imperfectly developed)
(反)vestigial ◆ fully developed 发育不全的 ◆ 充分发展的
veteran [vetErEn] n. 老兵,老手(an old soldier of long service)adj. 经验丰富的
(类)cadet·veteran=tadpole·frog 军官学校学生·老兵=蝌蚪·青蛙(年轻与成熟)
(同)experienced, old, practical, practiced, skilled, versed
(记)来自veter(= old)参考: inveterate根深蒂固的
veto [vi:tEJ] vt. n. 否决,禁止(to refuse to admit or approve:prohibit)
(类)veto·prohibitive=overture·introductory 禁止·禁止的=序曲·开端的 (名形同义)
(反)veto ◆ consent 否决 ◆ 同意
(同)kill, negative 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-22 22:12
viable [vaIEb(E)l] adj. 能养活的,能生育的(capable of living)
(类)elastic·expand=viable·live 弹性的·张开=能养活的·存活(因果关系)
(反)viability ◆ inability to live 生存能力 ◆ 不能存活的
(同)possible, feasible, practicable, workable 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-22 22:12
vicarious [vIkeErIEs] adj. 代理的,取代的(performed or suffered by one person as a substitute
for another or to the benefit or advantage of another:substitutionary)
(反)vicarious ◆ firsthand 代理的 ◆ 直接的
vicious [vIFEs] adj. 邪恶的,堕落的(having the nature or quality of vice or immorality:depraved)
(反)benignant ◆ vicious 仁慈的 ◆ 邪恶的
(同)wrong, evil, immoral, iniquitous, reprobate, sinful, wicked
vicissitude [vI`sIsItjU:d] n. 自然变化,(人事)变迁兴衰(natural change or mutation visible in
nature or in human affairs)
(反)vicissitudinous ◆ immutable/ unchanging 有变化的 ◆ 不变的
(同)change, innovation, mutation, novelty
(例)the novel described the vicissitudes of daily life. 这部小说描述了日常生活的变迁兴衰。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-22 22:13
virtuoso [vEtjJEJsEJ] n. 艺术鉴赏家,大师,专家(an experimenter in the arts and sciences:savant)
(类)virtuoso·skill=potentate·power 艺术名鉴赏家·技能=当权者·权力(前者具备后者)
(反)virtuoso ◆ beginner/mediocrity 大师 ◆ 初学者/平庸之才
(同)expert, artist, artiste, authority,dabster, master
(例)the politician is known as a virtuoso at public relations. 这位政客是著名的公共关系专家。 作者: 看看也随便 时间: 2008-2-22 22:13