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GRE机考突破

resonant    [rezEnEnt]  adj.(声音)洪亮的,共鸣的(echoing; resounding; deep and full in sound)
(类)full-bodied·flavor=resonant·sound  浓郁的味道=洪亮的声音
(反)resonant ◆ muffled   声音洪亮的 ◆ 声音压抑的
(同)consonant, plangent, resounding, ringing, rotund
(例)A deep resonant voice rang out 一个浑厚洪亮的声音唱出。
(记)[re]回+[son]声音à有回声的à响亮的(参考)dissonant不和谐的

resourceful    [risC:sful]  adj. 策略的,机智的,资源丰富的
(类)resourceful·inventiveness=philanthropic·geniality
机智的·创造性=博爱的·友好,亲切(人物典型特征)

respite   [respaIt]  n. 间歇,休息,暂缓 a period of temporary delay;an interval of rest or relief
(类)fast·eat=respite·labor   绝食·吃=休息·劳动(反义)
plateau·change=respite·activity   稳定时期或状态·变化=休息·活动(反义)
moratorium·activity =respite·labor   中止活动·活动=暂缓·劳动(反义)
respite·labor=interim·concert   间歇·劳动=间歇·音乐会 (事物及其特殊部分)
(记)区别:despite 不管,尽管
respire   [rIspaIE]  v.呼吸(breathe; specifically:to inhale and exhale air successively)
(类)lung·respire=tooth·masticate   肺·呼吸=牙齿·咀嚼(器官作用)
(记)spire (呼吸)参考:spiracle 通气孔

resplendent    [rIsplendEnt]  adj.华丽的,辉煌的(shining brilliantly)
(类)bootless·futility=effulgent·resplendence
无用的·无用=光彩照人的·辉煌 (正特)
bravura·performance=resplendent·appearance
辉煌的·表演=华丽的·外表(修饰)
(反)resplendence ◆ lackluster   辉煌 ◆ 暗淡
resplendent ◆ dull   辉煌的 ◆ 没有光泽的,暗淡的
(同)splendid, glorious, gorgeous, magnificent, sublime, superb
(例)Meadows are resplendent with wildflowers.草地被野花点缀得绚烂多姿。
(记)splend(发光)参考:splendid 壮丽的,辉煌的splendor 光彩,杰出
responsive     [rIspRnsIv]  adj. 做出响应的(giving response)敏感的(quick to respond
appropriately or sympathetically)
(反)responsive  ◆  dispassionate   做出响应的 ◆ 无动于衷的
responsive  ◆  feelingless   敏感的 ◆ 无感觉的

restive    [restIv]  adj. 急躁的(marked by impatience);倔强的(stubbornly resisting control)
(类)incogitant·thoughtful=restive·calm=piddling·considerable=keen·obtuse
无思虑的·深思的=急躁的·冷静的=不重要的·重要的=敏锐的·钝的 (反义)
restive·calmness=impeccable·flaw=impetuous ·patience
急躁的·冷静=没有缺点的·缺点=冲动的·耐心(缺乏关系)
(反)restive ◆ calm/imperturbable   急躁的 ◆ 冷静的/沉着的
restiveness ◆ contentment   倔强 ◆ 满足
【注:前者是顽固拒绝被控制,后者知足安于现状。】
restless   [restlIs]  adj.得不到休息的, 不平静的
(类)restless·serenity=deferential·insolent   不平静的·平静=恭谨的·无礼 (反义)

restrain    [rIstreIn]  vt. 阻止,限制,使受控制
(类)temperate·restrain=tenacious·persist    有节制的·限制=顽强的·坚持(形动同义)
rakish· restraint=slothful·assiduity   放荡的·抑制=偷懒的·刻苦(反面特征)
(反)restrain ◆ release   阻止 ◆ 释放
fervid ◆ restrained   热心的 ◆ 受阻的
unrepressed ◆ restrained   未受抑制的 ◆ 受限制的
theatrical ◆ restraint   放纵的展示的 ◆ 抑制,克制
注:restraint :n. the state of being restrained 抑制,克制
(记) straint本身是一个词:v.拉紧,扯紧 n.拉力,张力
resurgence   [rIs\:dVEns]  n. 复活,重新活跃,复兴
(反)resurgence ◆ waning vitally   复兴 ◆ 衰退
resurgent ◆ in decline   复兴 ◆ 衰退
(同)revival, rebirth, renaissance, resurrection
(记)surg(浪)参考:insurgent起义的

resuscitate  [risQsiteit]  v.使复活,使苏醒
(反)extinct ◆ resuscitated   灭绝的 ◆ 复活的
resuscitation ◆ enervation   复兴 ◆ 虚弱
(同)restore , revive

retainer   [riteinE]  n. 家仆(a person attached or owing service to a household ; especially:servant)
(类)retainer·retinue=witch·coven
家仆·一群家仆=女巫·女巫团(由几个女巫组成的聚合)  
【注:retinue ·a group of retainers or attendants】
(反)retain  ◆  discard   保留 ◆ 抛弃
retaliate    [ritAlieit]  v. 报复,反击(to repay(as an injury)in kind)  
(类)remuneration·service=retaliation·injury  酬劳:服务=报复:伤害  (因果关系)
(同)reciprocate, recompense, requite, return
(记)tali 谐音“大力”联想:大力反击。

retard   [ritB:d]  vt. 妨碍,延迟,迟缓
(类)divert·shunt=retard·brake  
转移·转轨=妨碍·刹车(动作及其目的)
(反)retard  ◆ catalyze/ expedite/ precipitate  妨碍 ◆ 促进/加速/促进
retard  ◆  speed up  使减速 ◆ 加速
(记)tard(迟钝) 参考:tardy行动慢的,迟到的
reticent  [retisEnt] adj.沉默不语的(inclined to be silent or uncommunicative in speech· reserved)
(类)reticent·talk=abstemious·gorge  
沉默不语的·谈话=有节制地·狼吞虎咽(反面特征)
(反)reticent ◆ loquacious/ vociferous/effusive/talktive
沉默不语的 ◆ 多话的/叫喊的,吵闹的/溢于言表的/多话的
(同)silent, close, close-lipped, closemouthed, reserved, taciturn
(记)ticen 谐音提神。联想:这个人总沉默寡言,需要给他提提神。

retort    [ritC:t]  vi. 反驳,回嘴 n. 机智回答(a quick, witty, or cutting reply; especially:one that turns
back or counters the first speaker's words)
(类)repartee·retort=debate·issue
巧妙的回答·机智的应答=论点·论点(在这里debate是名词)
【注:repartee·:a quick and witty reply】
(记)tort(扭)参考:tortuous 蜿蜒的 distort歪曲
retouch   [ri:tQtF]  vt. vi. 润饰,修正(to rework in order to improve)
(类)revise·manuscript=retouch·picture   修订·手稿=润饰·画  (动宾关系)

retract   [rItrAkt]  vt.vi. 缩回,收回,否认
(类)misunderstood·clarify=erroneous·retract   误解·澄清=错误的·收回(动宾关系)
retract·statement = repeal·legislation   收回·声明=撤销·法律(动宾)
(反)tender ◆ retract   提交 ◆ 收回 【注: tender:offer formally】
(同)recede , retreat, retrograde

retrench    [ritrentF]  v. 节省,削减(cut down, reduce)  
(类)retrench·expense=decelerate·speed   节省·开支=减速·速度 (动宾关系)
attenuate·force=retrenchment·money   减轻·压力=削减·开支 (动宾关系)
(反)retrench ◆ enlarge/expand   削减 ◆ 放大/扩大
(同)shorten, abbreviate, abridge, curtail, cut, cut back
retribution    [7retribju:FEn] n. 报偿;惩罚; 报复(recompense, reward;punishment)
(类)kidnap·detainment=extortion·retribution 绑架·拘留=勒索·报偿(非法与正常)
(同)retaliation, reprisal, revenge, vengeance

retrograde    [retrEu^reid] adj.倒退的(go backwards; recede; degenerate; deteriorate)  
(反)retrograde ◆ progressive   倒退的 ◆ 前进的
(记)[retro]向后+[grade]步伐à向后走à倒退的

retrospective    [retrEspektIv]  adj. 追想的,回顾的(looking back on the past)  
(反)retrospective ◆ anticipatory   回顾的 ◆ 预想的
(例)a retrospective report;a retrospective exhibition
(记)[retro]向后+[spect]看à回顾
revelry    [revlri]  n. 狂欢 , 喧闹的作乐(noisy partying or merrymaking)  
(反)revelry ◆ mournfulness   狂欢 ◆ 悲哀
(例)They were exhausted after the night of revelry.
(参考)revel陶醉,狂欢

revenge    [rivendV]  n. v. 报仇,复仇,报复
(类)mercenary·money=vindictive·revenge  
惟利是图的·钱=报复性的·报复(人物追求对象)
(同)avenge, redress, venge, vindicate
(记)[re]回+[venge]惩罚à报复

revere    [riviE]  v. 尊崇,尊敬(to show devoted deferential honor to)
(类)reverence·respect=avidity·enthusiasm  尊敬·敬重=热望·热心  (同义)
reverent·idolater=trusting·dupe
尊敬的·偶像崇拜者=信任的·易上当的人(后者是前者的过分者)
elegiac·sorrow=devotional·reverence  
哀歌体的·悲哀=虔诚的·尊敬(人物典型特征)     
exemplary·imitation=reverent·deference
可仿效的·模仿=值得尊敬的·尊重 (因果关系)
【注:reverent:expressing or characterized by reverence · worshipful 尊贵的,可敬的】
(反)revere ◆ jape at  尊敬 ◆ 嘲弄
revere ◆ disparage/disgrace  尊敬 ◆ 贬损/玷污
impudent ◆ reverent   无礼的 ◆ 尊敬的
reverence ◆ despise   尊敬 ◆ 轻视
irreverent ◆ respectful   不尊敬的 ◆ 尊敬的  
(同)adore, reverence, venerate, worship
(例)he is revered for his wisdom.
revise    [rivaiz]  vt. 校订,修正(to make a new, amended, improved, or up-to-date version of)
(类)revise·manuscript=retouch·picture   修订·手稿=润饰·画(动宾关系)

revive    [rivaiv]  vi. 复活,恢复意识
(类)revert·prior=revive·conscious回复:原先的=苏醒:有意识的 (行为及其结果)
(反)wither ◆ revive   枯萎 ◆ 复苏
lull ◆ revive   使平静 ◆ 恢复精神, 复兴
(同)restore, resuscitate, revivify, recall, reestablish, reinstate
(例)He revived his hope of escape.
(记)[re]再+[vive]活泼à复活 参考:vivid 鲜明的,生动的

revoke    [rivEuk]   vt.撤回, 废除, 宣告无效(to annul by recalling or taking back)
(反)empower ◆ revoke the authority   授权与 ◆ 废除权威
(记)[re]反+[voke]喊à反着喊à宣告无效  参考:revocation废弃,取消
ribald    [ribEld]  adj. 举止.言语粗鲁的(crude,offensive)
(类)ribald·seemly=labyrinthine·direct  举止粗鲁:得体的=曲折的:直接的 (反义)
(反)ribald ◆ seemly / proper   举止粗鲁 ◆ 得体的/恰当的
(同)crude, offensive
(例)ribald language
(记)[rib]肋骨+[bald]à露骨à言语粗鲁

rickety    [rikiti]   adj.摇摆的(shaky:in unsound physical condition)  
(类)cloth·ragged=furniture·rickety   
布·破旧的=家具·摇晃的(形容词修饰名词)
(例)a rickety old chair

rider    [raidE]  n. 附件a clause appended to a legislative bill to secure a usually distinct object   
(类) rider·bill=endorsement·policy   附件·议案=签名·保险合同书  (整体与部分)
【注:policy :a writing whereby a contract of insurance is made】
ridicule    [ridikju:l]  n .v. 嘲笑,笑柄
(类)satire·ridicule=elegy·sorrow   
讽刺文学·嘲笑=哀歌·悲伤(作品表达情感)
reportage·journalist=ridicule·satirist
新闻报道·记者=讽刺的话·讽刺作家(人物及其工作对象)
(反)sublime ◆ ridiculous   崇高的 ◆ 荒谬的
(同)deride, lout, mock, scout, taunt
(例)ridiculed him for his inability to perform the feat.
(派)ridiculous adj.可笑的,荒谬的

rife   [raif]  adj. 流行的(prevalent);丰富的(copiously supplied)
(反)sparse ◆ rife   稀少的 ◆ 丰富的
(同)prevalent, regnant, abounding, overflowing, replete, swarming, teeming, thronged
(例)rife with rumors 谣言四起   (比较)rifle 步枪  rift 裂缝
rift    [rift]  n.裂缝,离间(a clear space or interval)
(类)faultfinding·criticize=rift·breach   挑剔:批评=裂缝:破裂 (同义)
(反)rift ◆ reconciliation   离间 ◆ 调和  

rile    [raIl]  vt. 搅浑浊,惹怒,使焦急(to make agitated and angry:upset)
(反)rile ◆ appease/conciliate/make calm/ placate   激怒 ◆ 平息/安慰/使平静/安抚
(同)upset,roil,irritate

ripen    [raIpEn]  v. 使成熟
(类)ripen · maturity = harden · solidity   使成熟:成熟=使变硬:坚固
ripen·mature=drain·empty   使成熟·成熟=耗尽·清空 (行为及其结果)
riot   [raIEt]  n.v.喧闹,打破平静(public violence, tumult, or disorder)
(反)sedate ◆ riot   使镇静 ◆ 打破宁静
(例)The new comedy is a riot  这部新的戏剧很喧闹。
(派)riotous 暴动的,蛮横的

rite   [raIt]  n.宗教仪式,仪式(a ceremonial act or action)
(反)rite ◆ improvised act   仪式 ◆ 即兴活动
(参考)ritual仪式,例行习惯

rive   [raIv]  vt. 撕开(to wrench open or tear apart or to pieces ;rend)
(反)rive  ◆  unite   撕开 ◆ 联合
riven  ◆  intact   撕开的 ◆ 完整无缺的
(同)tear , cleave, rend, rip, split
riveting   [rivitiN]  adj. 吸引人的, 极迷人的(to attract and hold(as the attention)completely)
(反)vapid ◆ riveting   索然无味的 ◆ 吸引人的
(记)[rivet] 铆钉+[ing]à好像被铆钉铆上了à使人目不转睛的

rivulet    [rIvjJlIt]  n.小河, 小溪(a small stream)
(类)pittance·allowance=rivulet·stream   少量供应·定量供应=小溪·溪流 (小与正常)
(记)[revu]=[river]河+[let]小à小河

robust    [rEJbQst]  adj. 精力充沛的, 强壮的,健康的
(反)robust ◆ sickness   健康 ◆ 疾病
decrepit ◆ robust   衰老的 ◆ 强壮的
(同)flourishing, healthy, strong, full-bodied
(记)乐百氏的英文商标。联想:喝乐百氏矿泉水让人强壮。
rodent   [rEJdEnt]   n.啮齿类动物(如鼠等)
(类)kangaroo·marsupial=squirrel·rodent  袋鼠·有袋动物=松鼠·啮齿类动物  (种属)

roil   [rRIl]  v. 搅浑,激怒(to make turbid by stirring up the sediment or dregs of)
(反)roil ◆ clarify/appease/settle   搅浑,激怒 ◆ 澄清/安抚/使平静,澄清
(例)roiled the brook with his splashings

roister    [rCistE]  v. 喧闹作乐(to engage in noisy revelry:carous)  
(类)roisterer·carouse=recluse·withdraw  喧闹作乐的人狂欢作乐=隐居者隐居(撤退)  

rookie    [rJkI]  n.新兵;新手(recruit;  also:novice)
(类)professional·rookie=soldier·recruit   专家:新手=士兵:新兵(正常:新)
(同)novice, apprentice, beginner, colt, freshman, neophyte, tyro
roster  [rRstE(r)]  n.值勤表,花名册(a roll or list of personnel)
(类)roster·staff=obituary·death   花名册·职员=讣告·死亡(事物及其记录内容)

rostrum    [rCstrEm]  n. 讲坛,演讲坛(a stage for public speaking)
(类)rostrum·orator=bench·judge 讲坛·演讲者=法官席·法官(人及其行为场所)

rouse    [rauz]  v. 激起,煽动 (to stir up:excite),唤起,唤醒  
(反)mollify ◆ rouse   平息 ◆ 激起
quell ◆ rouse   镇压 ◆ 煽动  

royalty     [rCIEltI]  王权(royal status or power);版税 (a payment to an author or composer for each copy of a work sold or to an inventor for each item sold under a patent)
(类)royalty · payment = subpoena · writ   版税·付款=传票·书面命令 (种属)
rubicund    [ru:bIkQnd]  adj. 红润的,透红的(ruddy)
(反)rubicund ◆ pale/ pallid/wan   红润的 ◆ 苍白的
(同)ruddy, florid, flush, flushed, full-blooded, sanguine
(记)[rud]=[red]红的(参考)ruddy (脸色)红润的

rudimentary    [ru:dImentErI]  adj.基础的(fundamental)原始的(of a primitive kind), 未发展
的(very imperfectly developed or represented only by a vestige)
(反)rudimentary ◆ full developed/fully realized   未发展的 ◆ 完全发展的/完全实现的
(同)elementary, beginning, elemental, rudimental
(例)The equipment of these past empire-builders was rudimentary
古代建设者的工具是原始的。
He had only a rudimentary formal education 他仅受过小学教育。
the rudimentary tail of a hyrax 蹄兔未发展的尾巴。
(记)rudi=rude原始的,粗鲁的à未发展的(参考)rudiments基础知识,入门  erudite博学的
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